Prolonged nightly fasting in older adults with memory decline: A single-group pilot study exploring changes in cognitive function and cardiometabolic risk factors by Dara L. James, Linda K. Larkey, Molly Maxfield, SeungYong Han, Edward Ofori, Alex E. Mohr, Nanako A. Hawley, Kate Alperin, Erica Ahlich, David E. Vance, Dorothy D. Sears

“…Conclusion: These pilot findings suggest that prolonged nightly fasting, targeted to align food intake with circadian rhythms, may improve cognitive function and sleep among older adults. Fully powered, randomized controlled trials to test the efficacy of this non-pharmacological, low cost-to-burden ratio intervention are needed. …”
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Left ventromedial prefrontal cortex inhibitory rTMS as an anti-stress intervention in opioid use disorder: Trial design by Tabitha E. Moses, Danielle Lenz, Leslie H. Lundahl, Nicholas A. Mischel, Christine Rabinak, Mark K. Greenwald

“…Participants undergo guided imagery of autobiographical stressors paired with 10 sessions of active vmPFC rTMS vs. sham (within-subject randomized crossover). Stress-induced dysfunction will be indexed with cognitive (e.g., executive function), affective (e.g., emotional arousal), and behavioral (e.g., opioid-seeking) measures pre- and post-rTMS. …”
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Postoperative brachytherapy alone for 217 patients with early-stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma by C. Schweizer, V. Strnad, M. Lotter, S. Kreppner, R. Merten, R. Fietkau, A. Karius

“…Conclusions: Postoperative interventional radiotherapy for previously not irradiated patients with early-stage OSCC is a safe and efficient treatment. Randomized trials are needed to compare these results to omission of postoperative radiotherapy as well as external beam radiotherapy.…”
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FLI and FIB-4 in diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in primary care: High prevalence and risk of significant disease by Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva, Márcia da Silva Vargas, Soheyla Mohd Souza Rabie, Gabriella Jonko, Patricia Gabriela Riedel, Larisse Longo, Marcelo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Vivian Cristine Luft, Dvora Joveleviths

“…In PROS, 350 patients were randomly selected and submitted to a clinical and nutritional assessment. …”
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Preoperative chemotherapy usage experience for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by A. N. Polyakov, D. A. Granov, Yu. I. Patyutko, I. A. Pokataev, A. A. Polikarpov, T. I. Kagacheva, I. S. Bazin, A. Sh. Umirzokov, D. Yu. Frantsev, V. N. Zhuikov, D. V. Podluzhny

“…Since the main group predominantly included patients with more advanced stages of the disease and yet the treatment resulted in comparable immediate and long‑term outcomes, it can be concluded that preoperative therapy can be justified in patients with IHCC who have factors predisposing to poor prognosis. Randomized trials are necessary to determine the rationality, as well as the type and regimen of preoperative therapy to be used in patients with IHCC.…”
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Ursodeoxycholic Acid at 18–22 mg/kg/d Showed a Promising Capacity for Treating Refractory Primary Biliary Cholangitis by Xinyu Xiang, Xiaoli Yang, Mengyi Shen, Chen Huang, Yifeng Liu, Xiaoli Fan, Li Yang

“…We included 73 patients with poor response and randomized them into two groups to investigate whether increasing the dosage of UDCA was beneficial to nonresponders. …”
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Nutrient availability in tropical soils fertilized with sewage sludge and natural phosphate by Rodinei Facco Pegoraro, Jefferson Rodrigo Teixeira Silva, Leidivan Almeida Frazão, Regynaldo Arruda Sampaio, Silvana Ferreira Bicalho, Verônica Aparecida Santos Ferreira Soares

“…Method: The study was conducted in a controlled environment and was set up in a completely randomized design with four replications in a 3 x 5 x 5 factorial arrangement consisting of soil with three clay contents: 28%, 34%, and 42%; five fertilization managements: unfertilized (Control), fertilized with natural phosphate (NF), fertilized with sewage sludge (SS), fertilized with natural phosphate and elemental sulfur (NF+S), and fertilized with NF+S+SS; and five evaluation times: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after fertilization. …”
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The impact of dietary phosphorus levels on growth, slaughter, and digestive metabolism in growing sheep by Shoupei Zhao, Xiaojun Ni, Jia Zhou, Xiaoqi Zhao, Xiao Wen, Xiaolin Wang, Mingyu Cao, Yanfei Zhao, Chong Shao, Lianghao Lu, Yuanyuan Chen, Bao Zhang, Huaming Yang, Bai Xue, Guobo Quan

“…Forty-five sheep (30.33 ± 0.56 kg) were randomly assigned to five dietary P levels (0.40, 0.51, 0.68, 0.82, and 0.97%) over a 44-day trial, including a 14-day pre-feeding and 30-day formal trial period. …”
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Optimising Access Surgery in Senior Haemodialysis Patients (OASIS): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial by Patrick WHE Vriens, Edith M Willigendael, Maarten A Lijkwan, Friedo W Dekker, Chava L Ramspek, Michiel W de Haan, Çaĝdaş Ünlü, Boudewijn DC Heggen, Koen E A van der Bogt, Marc H Hemmelder, Mickaël J C Hiligsmann, Magda M van Loon, Joris I Rotmans, Jan H M Tordoir, Geert Willem H Schurink, Maarten G J Snoeijs, Marijke J Molegraaf, Philippe WM Cuypers, Denise Nio, Cora H Arts, Jacobien C Verhave, Goos D Laverman, Aron S Bode, Marcel C Weijmer, Bas Govaert, Aaltje Y Adema, Gijs MJM Welten, Michel MPJ Reijnen, Marc JH Groeneveld, Hans S Brink, Jeroen B van der Net, Arno Kuijper, Hilde PE Peters, Roos C van Nieuwenhuizen, Rombout R Kruse, Yvonne C Schrama, Karina A de Groot, Karima Farhat

“…We will enrol 195 patients to have sufficient statistical power to detect an absolute decrease of 0.80 interventions per year.Ethics and dissemination Because of clinical equipoise, we believe it is justified to randomly allocate elderly patients to the different vascular access strategies. …”
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Cohort profile: Oxford Pain, Activity and Lifestyle (OPAL) Study, a prospective cohort study of older adults in England by Sarah E Lamb, Christian D Mallen, M Watson, Julie Bruce, S Dutton, S Petrou, Lesley Ward, Maria T Sanchez Santos, Esther Williamson, Angela Garrett, Alana Morris, O Conway, F Darton, D Hagan, D Haywood, A Hewitt, I Marian, L Nevay, P Nicolson, M Slark, K Vadher, E Williamson, N Arden, K Barker, G Collins, J Fairbank, J Fitch, D French, F Griffiths, Z Hanson, C Hutchinson

“…We also compared the OPAL baseline characteristics with nationally representative data sources.Participants We randomly selected eligible participants from two stratified age bands (65–74 and 75 and over years). …”
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Nasopharyngeal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in a rural population, Sierra Leone by Lisa Maria Kleine, Emmanuel Marx Kanu, Tobias Grebe, Desmond Mohamed Sesay, Henning Loismann, Maxwell Sesay, Tom Theiler, Viktoria Rudolf, Alexander Mellmann, Laura C. Kalkman, Martin P. Grobusch, Frieder Schaumburg

“…Methods: Residents of randomly selected houses in Masanga, Sierra Leone were included in a cross-sectional study (8–11/2023). …”
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Investigating the potential immunomodulatory effects of commercial oral probiotic supplements on equine gastrointestinal tract barrier function by Agnieszka Żak-Bochenek, Paulina Żebrowska-Różańska, Joanna Bajzert, Łukasz Łaczmański, Bogumiła Szponar, Natalia Siwińska, Klaudia Gładysz, Katarzyna Sikorska, Anna Chełmońska-Soyta

“…Such a study has not yet been conducted in horses.MethodsThis study involved 12 healthy horses, which were randomly divided into a control group and a group that received a commercial oral probiotic formula containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pedioccus acidilactici or Enterococcus faecium for 84 days. …”
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Classification of Wheezing Children in Rural Bangladesh by Intensity of Ascaris Infection, Total and Specific IgE Levels, History of Pneumonia, and Other Risk Factors by Haruko Takeuchi, Md Alfazal Khan, Khalequz Zaman, Sayaka Takanashi, S. M. Tafsir Hasan, Mohammad Yunus, Tsutomu Iwata

“…The participants included 219 5-year-old wheezing children who were randomly selected from 1705 children living in the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. …”
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Development of a multi-laboratory integrated predictive model for silicosis utilizing machine learning: a retrospective case-control study by Guo-kang Sun, Yun-hui Xiang, Lu Wang, Pin-pin Xiang, Zi-xin Wang, Jing Zhang, Ling Wu

“…A sample of 612 subjects (half cases and half controls) were randomly divided into training and test groups in a 2:1 ratio. …”
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Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a care partner assisted intervention to improve oral health of individuals with mild dementia by Bei Wu, Gary Yu, Brenda L Plassman, Patricia Poole, Shahrzad Siamdoust, Melanie Bunn, Bobbi Burwell, Yaolin Pei, Christine Downey, Danni Gomes, Angela Kamer, A Leak Bryant, Ruth A Anderson

“…Participant–care partner dyads will be randomly assigned to either Treatment Group 1, Treatment Group 2 or the Control Group. …”
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Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training on ambulatory blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults with hypertension (HEXA Study... by Francisco Dalton-Alves, Maria Beatriz F Araújo, Bruno Erick B Lucena, Gabriel C Souto, Daniele Samara D Lopes, Maria Isabel S Lucena, Raíssa de Melo Silva, Ludmila L P Cabral, Yuri A Freire, Fabíola L Golveia, Telma Maria Araújo Lemos, Rodrigo A V Browne, Eduardo Caldas Costa

“…The trial is conducted with blinded outcome assessors and statistical analysts. 66 inactive older adults with hypertension aged 60–80 years without a history of major adverse cardiovascular events will be randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (1) HIIT (3 months; 3× week); (2) MICT (3 months; 3× week); (3) health education programme (control; 3 months; 1× week). …”
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Organomineral fertilizer based on wood ash in bean cultivation in acidic tropical soil by Rackel Danielly de Souza Alves, Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Jakeline Rosa de Oliveira, Jholian Maicon Ribeiro-Santos, Luana Aparecida Menegaz Meneghetti

“…Method: The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a 4x3 factorial scheme, corresponding to three levels of base saturation (no liming - 0%, V = 30% and V = 60%), and four fertilization treatments: mineral, wood ash, organomineral and granulated organomineral, with four replications. …”
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Tools to improve discharge equity: Protocol for the pilot TIDE trial by Kirsten Austad, Cecilia Thai, Alegna Zavatti, Nhi Nguyen, Diana Bautista-Hurtado, Patrick Kenney, Noelia Lugo, Joo H. Lee, Howard Lanney, Ziming Xuan, Erika G. Cordova-Ramos, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Brian Jack

“…Methods: We present the protocol for a type I hybrid implementation-effectiveness pilot randomized trial. The TIDE intervention includes a translated medication calendar, pictographs, and an audio recording of the discharge instructions in the patient's preferred language. …”
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Ocular Signs and Ocular Comorbidities in Monoclonal Gammopathy: Analysis of 80 Subjects by Kitti Kormányos, Klaudia Kovács, Orsolya Németh, Gábor Tóth, Gábor László Sándor, Anita Csorba, Cecília Nóra Czakó, Achim Langenbucher, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, Gergely Varga, László Gopcsa, Gábor Mikala, Nóra Szentmáry

“…As a control group, randomly selected individuals of the same age group, without hematological disease, have been included. …”
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Release velocity ImprovemenT with a new Metronome guIding chest COmpressions: The RITMICO simulation study by Maria Luce Caputo, Giuliana Monachino, Ruggero Cresta, Alessia Currao, Enrico Baldi, Simone Savastano, Andrea Cortegiani, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sara Accetta, Alessandra Gargano, Camilla Metelmann, Bibiana Metelmann, Carlos Ramon Hölzing, Julian Ganter, Michael Patrick Müller, Claudio Benvenuti, Stefania Tomola, Pierangelo Pinetti, Pier Luigi Ingrassia, Francesca Dalia Faraci, Angelo Auricchio

“…We performed a multicenter non-blinded, randomized, controlled trial including volunteers with different levels of CPR expertise. …”
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