Intrauterine metformin exposure and adiposity outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis by George Tomlinson, Jill Hamilton, Kellie E Murphy, Jennifer Fu, Najla Tabbara, Denice S Feig

“…Meta-analyses were conducted using the generic inversed variance method in a random-effects model. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to assess certainty of evidence.Results 18 studies reporting on 7975 children with metformin exposure in utero and over 1 million children without metformin exposure were included. …”
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Effect of Intelligent Exercise Training on Lower Limb Rehabilitation in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy by Xuemei ZHANG, Meicong ZHANG, Liyang XIA, Yue YANG

“…They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. …”
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Long-Term Predictive Modelling of the Craniofacial Complex Using Machine Learning on 2D Cephalometric Radiographs by Michael Myers, Michael D. Brown, Sarkhan Badirli, George J. Eckert, Diane Helen-Marie Johnson, Hakan Turkkahraman

“…Three ML models—Lasso regression, Random Forest, and Support Vector Regression (SVR)—were trained on a subset of 240 subjects, while 61 subjects were used for testing. …”
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Awareness and perception of prevention and management options of sexually transmitted infections among students at secondary school in Rivers State, Nigeria by Florence Mandah, Oluebubechukwu Udi, Pamela Thompsom-Abiye, Basil Ogbu

“…Material and methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,140 secondary school students, but 325 were selected using simple random probability sampling method. Ethics Committee of the University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria issued an ethical approval for the study. …”
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Effectiveness of nutritional education intervention during pregnancy on birth outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis by Degu Jerene, Tefera Belachew, Abera Mersha, Shitaye Shibiru, Gistane Ayele

“…Any disagreements between the reviewers will resolve through discussion. Either a random effects or fixed effects model will be used to pool the data, depending on the appropriateness of the model. …”
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Comparison of Hemodynamic Response following Spinal Anesthesia between Controlled Hypertensive and Normotensive Patients Undergoing Surgery below the Umbilicus: An Observational Pr... by Leake Gebrargs, Bereket Gebremeskel, Bacha Aberra, Assefa Hika, Yusuf Yimer, Misrak Weldeyohannes, Suleiman Jemal, Degena Behrey, Abere Tilahun

“…The sample was selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Continuous data of independent and dependent variables were analyzed using an independent sample t-test for normally distributed and Mann–Whitney U-test for nonnormally distributed between the study groups. …”
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Sexual dysfunction among people with mental illness in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. by Setegn Fentahun, Mamaru Melkam, Gebresilassie Tadesse, Gidey Rtbey, Fantahun Andualem, Yilkal Abebaw Wassie, Gebremariam Wulie Geremew, Tekletsadik Tekleslassie Alemayehu, Tewodros Denekew Haile, Tilahun Nega Godana, Berihun Agegn Mengistie, Mulualem Kelebie, Girum Nakie, Techilo Tinsae, Girmaw Medfu Takelle

“…To estimate the overall prevalence and correlated factors of sexual dysfunction, a random effects model meta-analysis was employed.<h4>Results</h4>In this meta-analysis, a total of 15 primary studies with 2849 psychiatric patients were included. …”
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Interocular Shift of Visual Attention Enhances Stereopsis and Visual Acuities of Anisometropic Amblyopes beyond the Critical Period of Visual Development: A Novel Approach by Liwen Huang, Xinghuai Sun, Gang Luo, Shuai Liu, Rui Liu, Behzad Mansouri, Vicky wing lai Wong, Wen Wen, Hong Liu, Ai-Hou Wang

“…Both Titmus stereopsis (z=-2.809, P=0.005) and Random-dot stereopsis (z=-2.317, P=0.018) were significantly improved. …”
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The Associations between VEGF Gene Polymorphisms and Diabetic Retinopathy Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis of 11 Case-Control Studies by Liyuan Han, Lina Zhang, Wenhua Xing, Renjie Zhuo, XiaLu Lin, Yanhua Hao, Qunhong Wu, Jinshun Zhao

“…Meta-analysis was performed in a fixed/random effect model by using the software STATA 12.0. …”
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The biological control agent for bacterial canker of kiwifruit, in Aureo® Gold, is a strain of Aureobasidium pullulans identifiable by novel SCAR marker primers by Deirdre A. Cornish, Magan M. Schipper, Jenny M. Oldham, Janet Yu, Joel L. Vanneste

“…Following PCR using 14 random amplified polymorphic DNA primers by themselves or in combination, we identified a Sequence Characterised Amplified Region (SCAR) marker specific to CG163. …”
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Rate of cesarean section among breech deliveries in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ibsa Mussa, Adera Debella, Lemma Demissie Regassa, Badhasa Ahamed, Usmael Jibro, Addis Eyeberu

“…The overall effect size with a 95% CI was estimated using the random effect model with the Der Simonian Liard method. …”
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Erosive-Ulcerative Lesions of the Gastroduodenal Zone in Schoolchildren of Various Ages in Siberia by E. V. Kasparov, T. V. Polivanova, V. A. Vshivkov

“…An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (283 children in Tyva, 110 in Buryatia and 205 in Evenkia) was performed by random selection in the age groups of schoolchildren with gastrointestinal complaints in each region.Results. …”
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Effect of exercise on kidney-relevant biomarkers in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Paul Welsh, Carlos Celis-Morales, Patrick Mark, Qiaoling Liu, Jennifer Lees

“…Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Hedge’s g was used to synthesise effect sizes and obtain an overall estimate. …”
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Application of glycyrrhizinic acid in treatment of patients with alcoholic liver disease by I. G. Nikitin, I. Ye. Baykova, V. M. Volynkina, L. M. Gogova, G. I. Storozhakov, M. P. Prushkovskaya

“…Overall 106 patients with chronic alcohol-induced liver diseases were investigated, diagnosis was verified by standard methods with obligatory assessment of the expert in narcology. Patients were randomized by random sample method in two groups: I group (n=58) – an abstinence in combination to placebo (intravenous injection 20 ml of normal saline solution 2 times per week), II group (n=48) – abstinence in combination to intravenous injection of 2,5 g of phosphogliv 2 times per week. …”
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Resistance training beyond momentary failure: the effects of past-failure partials on muscle hypertrophy in the gastrocnemius by Stian Larsen, Paul Alan Swinton, Nordis Østerås Sandberg, Benjamin Sandvik Kristiansen, Andrea Bao Fredriksen, Hallvard Nygaard Falch, Roland van den Tillaar, Milo Wolf

“…Data were analysed within a Bayesian framework using a mixed-effect model with random effects to account for the within-participant design. …”
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Longitudinal associations between informal caring, social network, and psychological distress among adolescents and young adults: modelling within-person effects by Miharu Nakanishi, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Mai Sakai, Hatsumi Yoshii, Syudo Yamasaki, Atsushi Nishida, Takahiro Tabuchi

“…Caring status was retrospectively reported at T2. We employed a random intercept cross-lagged model to detect within-person prospective associations between informal caring, social network, and psychological distress. …”
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Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients Who Attend the Diabetic Follow-Up Clinic at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, North... by Tesfamichael G. Mariam, Abebaw Alemayehu, Eleni Tesfaye, Worku Mequannt, Kiber Temesgen, Fisseha Yetwale, Miteku Andualem Limenih

“…An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia, to investigate foot ulcer occurrence in diabetic patients. Systematic random sampling was used to select 279 study participants. …”
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Type of arrhythmias and the risk of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Subhash Chander, Ahmad Bin Aamir, Rabia Latif, Om Parkash, F. N. U. Sorath, Sam Tan, Abhi Chand Lohana, Sheena Shiwlani, Mohammed Yaqub Nadeem

“…Effect size from eligible studies was pooled using a random effects model and restricted maximum likelihood estimation. …”
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Do current maternal health staffing and bed occupancy benchmarks work in practice? Results from a simulation model by Giorgia Gon, Carolin Vegvari, Rebecca F Baggaley, Said Mohammed Ali, Salma Abdi Mahmoud, Farhat Jowhar

“…We simulate all deliveries occurring in a region over a year, with date and time of presentation of each woman delivering at a facility assigned at random. Each woman stays in the delivery room for an assigned duration before her delivery, then moves to the maternity ward, followed by discharge. …”
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Effect of Visual Tracking Training combined with Six-character Formula on Motor Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease by Wanhong WANG, Hongyan BI, Zhengang QIU, Xihua LIU, He ZHUANG, Shijie HAO, Xin ZHANG, Wenyu SUN

“…Objective:To observe the effects of visual tracking training combined with six-character formula on motor function and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods:A total of 42 patients with Parkinson's disease treated in the affiliated hospital of Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to random number table method, with 21 cases in each group.The control group received routine rehabilitation training, mainly including core training, balance training, coordination training, gait training, and daily life ability training, twice a day, 45 minutes each time, five days a week, continuous training for six weeks.The observation group received visual tracking training combined with six-character formula training on the basis of the control group.Visual tracking training included thumb tracking, Whack-a-mole game, posture control, training eyeball moving as figure "8", each training for 20 minutes, once a day.Six-character formula of pronunciation training with blowing, shout, hippies, oh, boo, si breathing exercises, and cooperated with body guidance training, each training for 25 minutes, once a day.The above training for five days per week, continuous training for six weeks.The third part of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(UPDRS-Ⅲ)and the time up and go test(TUGT)were used to assess the patient's motor function; the balance stability limit test(AP-SD, ML-SD)was used to evaluate the patient's balance function;the Parkinson's questionnaire-39(PDQ-39)was used to evaluate the patient's quality of life.Results:Before treatment, there were no statistically significant difference in UPDRSⅢscore, AP-SD and ML-SD, TUGT time and PDQ-39 score between two groups(<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05); Compared with before treatment, the UPDRSⅢ, AP-SD, ML-SD, TUGT and PDQ-39 scores of the two groups after treatment decreased significantly, the differences were statistically significant(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05); Compared with the control group, UPDRSⅢ, AP-SD, ML-SD, TUGT and PDQ-39 scores of the observation group after treatment were lower, the differences were statistically significant(<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05).Conclusion:Visual tracking training combined with six-character formula can effectively improve the motor function and quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease.…”
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