Use of the FHTHWA Index as a Novel Approach for Predicting the Incidence of Diabetes in a Japanese Population Without Diabetes: Data Analysis Study by Jiao Wang, Jianrong Chen, Ying Liu, Jixiong Xu

“… Abstract BackgroundMany tools have been developed to predict the risk of diabetes in a population without diabetes; however, these tools have shortcomings that include the omission of race, inclusion of variables that are not readily available to patients, and low sensitivity or specificity. …”
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Can Obesity Prevalence Explain COVID-19 Indicators (Cases, Mortality, and Recovery)? A Comparative Study in OECD Countries by Yuval Arbel, Chaim Fialkoff, Amichai Kerner, Miryam Kerner

“…Yet, other scholars argue in favor of the existence of an obesity survival paradox and criticize the former group of studies on the grounds that they lack controls for race, socioeconomic status, or quality of care. The objective of the current study is to analyze the potential relationships between different SARS-CoV-2 virus indicators and obesity on a country-wide level based on an OECD report. …”
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Using a Consumer Wearable Activity Monitoring Device to Study Physical Activity and Sleep Among Adolescents in Project Viva: Cohort Study by Yutong Zhang, Nicole Bornkamp, Marie-France Hivert, Emily Oken, Peter James

“…Among the 677 participants, were non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, were Hispanic, non-Hispanic Asian, and belonged to other races. Participants demonstrated a high adherence to the research protocol, with the mean (SD) wear duration of 7.5 (1.1) days, and 90% of participants (612/677) had 5 or more days wearing the device for >600 minutes/day. …”
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Lifetime risks of kidney donation: a medical decision analysis by Bryce A Kiberd, Karthik K Tennankore

“…Objective This study estimated the potential loss of life and the lifetime cumulative risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from live kidney donation.Design Markov medical decision analysis.Setting USA.Participants 40-year-old live kidney donors of both sexes and black/white race.Intervention Live donor nephrectomy.Main outcome and measures Potential remaining life years lost, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost and added lifetime cumulative risk of ESRD from donation.Results Overall 0.532–0.884 remaining life years were lost from donating a kidney. …”
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A Comparative Analysis of the Performance of Leading Countries in Conducting Artificial Intelligence Research by Ahmed H. Al-Marzouqi, Alya A. Arabi

“…Given the dynamic nature of AI research, staying up-to-date with this evolving landscape is imperative to guide the global race in this field. Using the world’s largest bibliometric database (SciVal/Scopus), we analyzed the research output of the top 15 countries in AI research productivity between the years 1998 and 2022. …”
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Biodiversité et viabilité de l'agriculture paysanne dans la Réserve de Biosphère Sierra de Manantlán, Mexique by Enrique J. Jardel Peláez, Sergio H. Graf Montero, Eduardo Santana C., Ricardo Ávila Palafox

“…The conservation of the téosinte Zea diploperennis and other wild relatives of cultivated plants, of land-races of traditional crops such as corn and other species and habitats associated with the agricultural landscape, has been one of the goals of the SMBR since its foundation 25 years ago. …”
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Fault Detection in Induction Machines Using Learning Models and Fourier Spectrum Image Analysis by Kevin Barrera-Llanga, Jordi Burriel-Valencia, Angel Sapena-Bano, Javier Martinez-Roman

“…A new preprocessing technique incorporating a distinctive background to enhance spectral feature learning is proposed, enabling the detection of four types of faults: healthy motor coupled to a generator with a broken bar (HGB), broken rotor bar (BRB), race bearing fault (RBF), and bearing ball fault (BBF). …”
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Chemicals That Disrupt the Endocrine System and Their Effects on Behavior by Yousaf Khan1, Abdul Sattar1, Syed Amin Ullah1, Zia-Ur-Rehman2, Hakimullah3, Madeeha Bibi4, Hina Sarfraz1, Anila Mukhtiar1

“…Still a lot is to be done and there is a huge potential of research in this area which if focused properly can prove as an agent of change in the field of Medical and Health Sciences and Human race can be saved from diverse diseases which may be linked to these disruptors and can be treated timely. …”
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Meat consumption and racial/ethnic disparities in population-based study in the city Campinas, Brazil by Samara Agda dos Santos, Josiane Steluti, Natália Simonian Rodrigues Valente Ghedini, Semíramis Martins Álvares Domene

“…Thus, we sought to evaluate the association between race/color and consumption of meat, a food of great cultural value, based on the hypothesis that this demographic marker is relevant to explain food choices. …”
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Sheikh al-Qaraḍāwī’s Independent Reasoning (Ijtihād) in Reformulating Contemporary Islamic Criminal Jurisprudence within the Framework of the Modern State by Gaber Mohamed

“…He believes that Islamic punitive measures primarily aim at promoting values and upholding human rights principles without discrimination based on religion, race, colour, or gender. Al-Qaraḍāwī’s views covered a range of complex criminal issues, including his stance on abolishing the death penalty, gender equality in matters of blood money, retribution between Muslims and non-Muslims, the changing jurisprudential concept of guardianship in retribution cases, the minimum threshold for amputation on theft, criticism of the modern prison system, punishment by stoning, the crime of apostasy, and his critique of the prevailing European narrative on corporal punishments in Islam. …”
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Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 by Xiaoqiang Liu, Yubin Wang, Yingxuan Huang, Chanchan Lin, Boming Xu, Yilin Zeng, Peizhong Chen, Xiaobo Liu, Yisen Huang

“…These results were consistent across analyses stratified by age, gender, race, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. This study suggests that the frailty index is positively associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. …”
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Spatial analysis of teen births near the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site by Nicole V DeVille, Carolina Villanueva, Susan A Korrick, Verónica M Vieira

“…We used generalized additive models with a smooth of residential location to predict teen birth risk among 29 472 births, adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, birth country, and source of payment for prenatal care. …”
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Large language models improve the identification of emergency department visits for symptomatic kidney stones by Cosmin A. Bejan, Amy M. Reed, Matthew Mikula, Siwei Zhang, Yaomin Xu, Daniel Fabbri, Peter J. Embí, Ryan S. Hsi

“…Further, we implemented fairness assessment and bias mitigation methods to investigate the potential disparities by LLMs with respect to race and gender. A clinical expert manually assessed the explanations generated by GPT-4 for its predictions to determine if they were sound, factually correct, unrelated to the input prompt, or potentially harmful. …”
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Longitudinal Screening Detects Cognitive Stability and Behavioral Deterioration in ALS Patients by Susan Woolley, Ray Goetz, Pam Factor-Litvak, Jennifer Murphy, Jonathan Hupf, Catherine Lomen-Hoerth, Howard Andrews, Daragh Heitzman, Richard Bedlack, Jonathan Katz, Richard Barohn, Eric Sorenson, Bjorn Oskarsson, Americo Fernandes Filho, Edward Kasarskis, Tahseen Mozaffar, Sharon Nations, Andrea Swenson, Agnes Koczon-Jaremko, Georgia Christodoulou, Hiroshi Mitsumoto

“…Change over time was evaluated controlling for age, sex, symptom duration, education, race, and ethnicity. Using multiple regression, we evaluated associations among decline in ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores, forced vital capacity (FVC), and cognitive/behavioral changes. …”
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Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Trends, Mortality, and Socioeconomic Disparities in the U.S., 1998–2020 by Paul Wasuwanich, Joshua M. So, Mustafa Sadek, Chaowapong Jarasvaraparn, Songyos Rajborirug, Ruben E. Quiros-Tejeira, Wikrom Karnsakul

“…Coagulopathy was significantly associated with increased odds of mortality, while age ≥ 12 years, diabetes and obesity were associated with decreased odds of mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Sex, race/ethnicity, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and IV drug use were not significantly associated with mortality. …”
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Marital Status and Survival in Patients Diagnosed with Melanoma by J. A. Maas, A. J. Monreal, E. L. Diaz, G. Castro, P. Rodriguez de la Vega, M. Varella

“…Married patients were significantly more likely to survive than single patients (Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.65; 99% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.57–0.74; P<0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, geographic location, insurance status, tobacco use, primary site, stage, and histology. …”
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Lactoferrin: a secret weapon in the war against pathogenic bacteria by Lucero Ruiz-Mazón, Gerardo Ramírez-Rico, Mireya de la Garza

“…Therefore, in this global war against microorganisms, a therapeutic alternative is necessary to help us win this battle. A key in this race against the clock could be lactoferrin (Lf), a cationic glycoprotein of the mammalian innate immune system that is highly conserved among mammals. …”
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Is Everyone Beating Around the Bush?: A Qualitative Study Examining the Status of Shared Decision-Making Between Veterans Affairs Providers and Surgical Patients in the ICU by M. Andrew Millis, MD, MPH, C. Ann Vitous, MA, MPH, Cara Ferguson, BS, Maedeh Marzoughi, BS, Erin Kim, BS, Sarah E. Bradley, PhD, MPH, CPH, Ashley Duby, MS, Pasithorn A. Suwanabol, MD, MS

“…These participants were diverse with respect to age, race, and sex. Participant dialogue was deductively mapped into 8 established SDM components: describing treatment options; determining roles in the decision-making process; fostering partnerships; health care professional preferences; learning about the patient; patient preferences; supporting the decision-making process; and tailoring the information. …”
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Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with mortality risk among adults with chronic kidney disease in NHANES by Jun Sun, Haoyu Yang, Aru Sun, Huifang Guan, Weinan Xie, Lin Han, Yu Wei, Xiaoyu Zang, Pengfei Xie, Xiaolin Tong, Yiqun Lin

“…Stratified analysis shows that race and BMI are influencing factors for CDAI-CKD mortality. …”
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SNAP and/or WIC Participation and Diet Quality in Mother-Child Dyads living in Greater Boston after Pandemic: A Mixed-Method Study by Thanit Vinitchagoon, Fang Fang Zhang, Rebecca C. Fauth, Erin Hennessy, Ana G. Maafs, Emma M. Browning, Christina D. Economos

“…After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and education, no significant differences in diet quality were found for both mothers and their children. …”
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