A Review on Expression, Pathological Roles, and Inhibition of TMPRSS2, the Serine Protease Responsible for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Activation by Jyotirmoy Sarker, Pritha Das, Sabarni Sarker, Apurba Kumar Roy, A. Z. M. Ruhul Momen

“…SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, uses the host cell membrane receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for anchoring its spike protein, and the subsequent membrane fusion process is facilitated by host membrane proteases. Recent studies have shown that transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), a protease known for similar role in previous coronavirus infections, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, enabling host cell fusion of the virus. …”
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A cell-based Papain-like Protease (PLpro) activity assay for rapid detection of active SARS-CoV-2 infections and antivirals. by Anahi G Jimenez-Campos, Lucas I Maestas, Nileena Velappan, Brian Beck, Chunyan Ye, Keith Wernsing, Yaniksa Mata-Solis, William J Bruno, Silas C Bussmann, Steven Bradfute, Justin T Baca, Frauke H Rininsland

“…Here we introduce a simple and rapid activity-based diagnostic (ABDx) test that identifies SARS-CoV-2 infections by measuring the activity of a viral enzyme, Papain-Like protease (PLpro). The test system consists of a peptide that fluoresces when cleaved by SARS PLpro that is active in crude, unprocessed lysates from human tongue scrapes and saliva. …”
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Author Correction: Discovery of orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitor as a potential treatment for COVID-19 by Yongzhi Lu, Qi Yang, Ting Ran, Guihua Zhang, Wenqi Li, Peiqi Zhou, Jielin Tang, Minxian Dai, Jinpeng Zhong, Hua Chen, Pan He, Anqi Zhou, Bao Xue, Jiayi Chen, Jiyun Zhang, Sidi Yang, Kunzhong Wu, Xinyu Wu, Miru Tang, Wei K. Zhang, Deyin Guo, Xinwen Chen, Hongming Chen, Jinsai Shang

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Guanidines Conjugated with Cell-Penetrating Peptides: A New Approach for the Development of Antileishmanial Molecules by João Victor Marcelino de Souza, Natalia C. S. Costa, Maria C. O. Arruda Brasil, Luana Ribeiro dos Anjos, Renata Priscila Barros de Menezes, Eduardo Henrique Zampieri, Jhonatan Santos de Lima, Angela Maria Arenas Velasquez, Luciana Scotti, Marcus Tullius Scotti, Marcia A. S. Graminha, Eduardo R. Pérez Gonzalez, Eduardo Maffud Cilli

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Cytological and biochemical markers of autophagy in wheat suspension culture cells under abiotic stress by A.B. Mazina, S.A. Dmitrieva, A.G. Renkova, J.N. Valitova, V.R. Khabibrakhmanova, F.V. Minibayeva

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Novel insight into the formation and inhibition mechanism of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ inhibitory peptides from fermented mandarin fish (Chouguiyu) by Daqiao Yang, Chunsheng Li, Laihao Li, Xianqing Yang, Shengjun Chen, Yanyan Wu, Yang Feng

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Real-World Assessment of Weight Change in African American Females and Hispanics with HIV-1 After Initiating Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors or Protease Inhibitors by Yen-Wen Chen, David Anderson, Christopher D. Pericone, Prina Donga

“…**Objective:** This study assessed differences in weight gain among treatment-naïve, female, African Americans and Hispanics after initiating INSTI-based vs protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens. **Methods:** This retrospective, observational cohort study included data from the Optum® deidentified Electronic Health Record Database. …”
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Biochemical Aspects of a Serine Protease from Caesalpinia echinata Lam. (Brazilwood) Seeds: A Potential Tool to Access the Mobilization of Seed Storage Proteins by Priscila Praxedes-Garcia, Ilana Cruz-Silva, Andrezza Justino Gozzo, Viviane Abreu Nunes, Ricardo José Torquato, Aparecida Sadae Tanaka, Rita de Cássia Figueiredo-Ribeiro, Yamile Gonzalez Gonzalez, Mariana da Silva Araújo

“…It is strongly inhibited by TLCK, a serine protease inhibitor, but not by E-64, EDTA or pepstatin A. …”
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Development of <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> BCC7051 as a Robust Cell Factory Towards the Transcriptional Regulation of Protease-Encoding Genes for Industrial Applications by Sarocha Panchanawaporn, Chanikul Chutrakul, Sukanya Jeennor, Jutamas Anantayanon, Kobkul Laoteng

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N-terminomics profiling of host proteins targeted by excretory-secretory proteases of the nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum identifies points of interaction with canine coagulation and complement cascade. by Nina Germitsch, Tobias Kockmann, Manuela Schnyder, Lucienne Tritten

“…These and further identified cleavage sites suggest direct or indirect activation or proteolysis of complement and coagulation components through A. vasorum ESP, which contains several proteases. Further studies are needed to validate their substrate specificity.…”
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Profiling endogenous airway proteases and antiproteases and modeling proteolytic activation of Influenza HA using in vitro and ex vivo human airway surface liquid samples. by Stephanie A Brocke, Boris Reidel, Camille Ehre, Meghan E Rebuli, Carole Robinette, Kevin D Schichlein, Christian A Brooks, Ilona Jaspers

“…Imbalance of airway proteases and antiproteases has been implicated in diseases such as COPD and environmental exposures including cigarette smoke and ozone. …”
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Non-Canonical, Extralysosomal Activities of Lysosomal Peptidases in Physiological and Pathological Conditions: New Clinical Opportunities for Cancer Therapy by Ryan Conesa-Bakkali, Macarena Morillo-Huesca, Jonathan Martínez-Fábregas

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Efficacy and safety of the Russian protease inhibitor narlaprevir at treatment-naive and earlier treated noncirrhotic patients with the 1st genotype chronic hepatitis C (PIONEER study) by M. V. Mayevskaya, V. T. Ivashkin, O. O. Znoyko, Ye. A. Klimova, D. T. Abdurakhmanov, I. G. Bakulin, P. O. Bogomolov, E. Z. Burnevich, M. Yu. Galushko, N. I. Geyvandova, K. V. Zhdanov, Ye. V. Esaulenko, S. N. Kizhlo, D. Yu. Konstantinov, N. I. Mironova, V. G. Morozov, Ye. A. Strebkova, I. G. Nikitin, M. F. Osipenko, V. D. Pasechnikov, O. I. Sagalova, I. M. Khayertynova, V. P. Chulanov, A. A. Yakovlev, I. A. Vasyutin, Ye. P. Tarkhova, E. N. Krasavina, M. Yu. Samsonov

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Protease Inhibitor Resistance Is Uncommon in HIV-1 Subtype C Infected Patients on Failing Second-Line Lopinavir/r-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa by Carole L. Wallis, John W. Mellors, Willem D. F. Venter, Ian Sanne, Wendy Stevens

“…Thirty nine percent (n=29) of patients had no resistance mutations in protease or reverse transcriptase suggesting that medication non-adherence was a major factor contributing to failure. …”
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Signal and modulating role of enzymes of digestive glands by G. F. Korotko

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Overexpressing the ClpC AAA+ unfoldase accelerates developmental cycle progression in Chlamydia trachomatis by Aaron A. Jensen, Saba Firdous, Lei Lei, Derek J. Fisher, Scot P. Ouellette

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Timing of nitrogen fertilization and shading affect the transition of nitrogen metabolism in senescing leaves of ripening wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Hideki Araki, Hirotaka Ueno, Keisuke Mizuta, Tadashi Takahashi, Masaru Shibata, Jun’ichi Mano

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Modern modes of chronic hepatitis C treatment by V. T. Ivashkin, M. V. Mayevskaya, M. A. Morozova, Ye. O. Lyusina

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Prevalence of the polymorphic H-ficolin (FCN3) genes and mannosebinding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP2) in indigenous populations from the Russian Arctic regions by M. V. Smolnikova, S. Yu. Tereshchenko

“…A homozygous variant (GG) in total absence of protease with impaired binding of both MBL and ficolins was not detected in any of the 980 examined newborns. …”
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Molecular Docking, Dynamics Simulations, ADMET, and DFT Calculations: Combined In Silico Approach to Screen Natural Inhibitors of 3CL and PL Proteases of SARS-CoV-2 by Sugumar Mohanasundaram, Porkodi Karthikeyan, Venkatesan Sampath, M. Anbazhagan, Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu, Jamal M. Khaled, Muthu Thiruvengadam

“…The 3D structures of the main protease and papain-like protease were used for the virtual screening to detect the potent inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2. …”
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