Successive spike times predicted by a stochastic neuronal model with a variable input signal by Giuseppe D'Onofrio, Enrica Pirozzi

“…It is shown that the second process is also of a diffusion type. The probability density function of the maximum between the first passage time of the first and the second process is considered to approximate the distribution of the second spike time. …”
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Bounding the Inefficiency of the Multiclass, Multicriteria C-Logit Stochastic User Equilibrium in a Transportation Network by Lekai Yuan, Xi Zhang, Chaofeng Shi

“…The multiclass CL-SUE model gives a more realistic path choice probability in comparison with the logit-based stochastic user equilibrium model by considering the overlapping effects between paths. …”
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Life-History Traits and Population Relative Fitness of Trichlorphon-Resistant and -Susceptible Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) by Zhang Yu-ping, Lu Yong-yue, Zeng Ling, Liang Guang-wen

“…Lower fecundity, emergence rate, and probability of standard fecundity PF, and shorter female and male longevity also were apparent in the trichlorphon resistant strain. …”
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Orthodontically Induced External Apical Root Resorption in Class II Malocclusion by Praveen Kumar Reddy Karnati, Priyank Seth, Ahmad Termizi Bin Zamzuri, Payal Tharwani

“…Mostly, it is identified through routine radiographic stage records like orthopantomogram or certain prediction radiographs for root resorption probability assessment like in this case. This case report discusses one such encounter which was experienced after stage 1 and 2 mechanics involving quite a few teeth. …”
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Optimal Decisions and Pricing in Mail Service Systems Subject to Virus Attacks by Sheng Zhu, Jinting Wang

“…Correspondingly, we obtain a joint optimum value of scan rate and scan probability from the viewpoint of social welfare maximization and carry out a sensitivity analysis of the joint optimum value on some input parameters. …”
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Enhanced Interaction between Warfarin and High-Dose Ketoconazole: A Case Report by Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Mannhu N. Ton

“…After a total dose reduction of 43%, the INR returned to therapeutic range within two weeks. The Naranjo probability scale revealed a probable adverse reaction of increased anticoagulant effect associated with high dose ketoconazole. …”
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Optimal Design of a Hazardous Materials Transportation Network considering Uncertainty in Accident Consequences by Hongfei Jia, Junzhe Li

“…To address these challenges, we enhance the accuracy of accident probability estimates and the comprehensiveness of accident consequence assessments, incorporating the uncertainty of accident outcomes. …”
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Vehicle Driving Risk Prediction Based on Markov Chain Model by Xiaoxia Xiong, Long Chen, Jun Liang

“…Multinomial Logistic models with recursive feature variable estimation method are developed to improve the traditional state transition probability estimation, which also takes into account the comprehensive effects of driving behavior, traffic, and road environment factors on the evolution of driving risk status. …”
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Multiple Bony Injuries on Bone Scan in a Case of Unsuspected Child Abuse by Ya-Wen Chuang, Chien-Chin Hsu, Chin-Chuan Chang, Chia-Yang Lin, Hsiu-Lan Chu, Ying-Fong Huang, Yu-Chang Tyan

“…The images unexpectedly showed multiple increased radioactive foci throughout the whole body. It was a strong probability of child abuse. All lesions are readily apparent on the following plain film radiographs and MRI.…”
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A Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Grid Technique and Multistrategy by Kangge Zou, Yanmin Liu, Shihua Wang, Nana Li, Yaowei Wu

“…The algorithm randomly uses one of two different evaluation index strategies (convergence evaluation index and distribution evaluation index) combined with the grid technique to enhance the diversity and convergence of the population and improve the probability of particles flying to the real Pareto front. …”
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The New Avalanche-Like Stochastic Model for Parameterization of Seismicity and Its Application to the South Sakhalin Island Seismicity by M. V. Rodkin, I. N. Tikhonov

“…This finding is examined in comparison with other indications of an increase in probability of occurrence of a strong earthquake in the South Sakhalin region.…”
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How does climate shock affect technology adoption in rice production? by Thai Phan Nguyen, Duc Kien Nguyen, Quang Dung Truong

“…Another finding showed that households used more chemical fertiliser and reduced the probability of using improved seeds in rice production since the household was affected by floods. …”
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The Effect of High-Frequency Parametric Excitation on a Stochastically Driven Pantograph-Catenary System by R. H. Huan, W. Q. Zhu, F. Ma, Z. H. Liu

“…Based on the transition probability density of the stationary response, it is found that even small high-frequency parametric excitation has an appreciable effect on the system response. …”
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Automatic Capture Processing Method of Basketball Shooting Trajectory Based on Background Elimination Technology by Hongyan Fan, Youhong Hu, Jianfeng Zhang

“…After removing the background from the preprocessed image using the background difference method, the edge contour features are extracted, the candidate target area is set based on the extraction result, and a diagonal matrix reflecting the length and width of the trajectory target is introduced to calculate the probability of the color of the area in the shooting trajectory, thereby characterizing the trajectory. …”
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Institutional distance, trade agreements, and intellectual property trade networks: Evidence from cross-border data. by Yida Wang, Jiangjiao Wang

“…Further, after regressing on sub-indicators of institutional distance, it is found that the smaller the distance in political stability, government efficiency, and regulatory quality, the greater the probability of generating an intellectual property trade relationship. …”
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Link Layer Time-Varying Model for IEEE 802.15.4 Radio in Industrial Environment by Wan Yadong, Duan Shihong

“…LTM descript packet drop intervals, PDR variation over times, PDR variation between different channels, link level switching probability and interference distribution. And also, a discussion of the influence of IEEE 802.15.4e MAC protocol simulation showed that LTM is closer to the realistic result. …”
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Optic nerve glioma by U. Masilionytė, E. Zarambaitė, B. Glebauskienė, A. Radžiūnas

“…Meanwhile, biopsy should be avoided due to the high probability of optic nerve damage. Treatment is individual for each patient, but remains controversial to this day. …”
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An advertisement dissemination strategy with maximal influence for Internet-of-Vehicles by Yanfei Lu, Zihan Zhao, Bowu Zhang, Qinghe Gao

“…To find the influential set of vehicles, we examine the probability of interaction between vehicles by exploiting their mobility. …”
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Personalized service recommendations for travel using trajectory pattern discovery by Zongtao Duan, Lei Tang, Xuehui Gong, Yishui Zhu

“…In addition, we proposed the use of “congeniality” probability to measure the service demand similarity of two travelers based on their service-visiting behaviors and preferences. …”
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Scheduling on a Single Machine and Parallel Machines with Batch Deliveries and Potential Disruption by Hua Gong, Yuyan Zhang, Puyu Yuan

“…There is a situation that a possible disruption in the production part may occur at some particular time and will last for a period of time with a probability. We consider both resumable case and nonresumable case where a job does not need (needs) to restart if it is disrupted for a resumable (nonresumable) case. …”
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