Predicting the Collisions of Heavy Vehicle Drivers in Iran by Investigating the Effective Human Factors by Hossein Naderi, Habibollah Nassiri, Farnaz Zahedieh

“…According to the BN, if there is no information about the characteristics of a heavy vehicle driver, the driver will likely have at least one collision during the next three years with the probability of 0.17. Also, it was indicated that the minimum probability of the at-fault collision occurrence for a heavy vehicle is 0.08.…”
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Methodological proposal with an interdisciplinary approach for teaching learning content theory of the pharmacological receptor in the medical career by Yeny Dueñas Pérez, Ana María Ramos Cedeño, Belkis Barrios Romero, Alicia del Rosario Ramírez Pérez, Yacelis Dahilet Cisneros Nápoles, Mirtha Amarilis Hernández López

“…Five key informants selected by intentional non-probability sampling were interviewed. In addition, a documentary analysis was carried out that included the study plans and programs of the Medicine career in Cuba to identify the interrelationship between the disciplines.…”
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Snapshotting quantum dynamics at multiple time points by Pengfei Wang, Hyukjoon Kwon, Chun-Yang Luan, Wentao Chen, Mu Qiao, Zinan Zhou, Kaizhao Wang, M. S. Kim, Kihwan Kim

“…Based on this, we reconstruct a multi-time quasi-probability distribution (QPD) that correctly recovers the probability distributions at the respective time points. …”
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Climatology of Dayside E‐Region Zonal Neutral Wind Shears From ICON‐MIGHTI Observations by Minjing Li, Yue Deng, Brian J. Harding, Scott England

“…The large‐shear occurrence probabilities above 110 km are generally small, except in latitudes above 25°N during the winter for positive shears.…”
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Evolutionary Game Analysis of Online Shopping Quality Control: The Roles of Risk Attitude and Government Supervision by Decheng Wen, Dongwei Yan, Xiaojing Sun, Xiao Chen

“…The current research finds that (1) the decrease of the quality control cost and the increase of the government’s benchmark fine are conducive to increasing the platform’s controlling probability; (2) the decrease of the proportion of rent and the increase of sellers’ fraud cost and the government’s benchmark fines are conducive to increasing the seller’s compliance probability; (3) when both the platform and seller are unwilling to make efforts for quality assurance, risk-seeking members make the seller gradually choose to provide compliant products; and (4) when the members are all risk-seeking, strengthening government supervision will help promote the transition of members’ behavioural choices in a benign direction. …”
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Rapid Visual Screening for Seismic Assessment of Hospital Buildings: A Case Study of Kabul City by Abdul Ali Raoufy, Ali Kheyroddin, Hosein Naderpour

“…Based on the obtained Final Scores, the probability of collapse for these hospitals at level 1 ranged from 3.16% to 59.2%, and at level 2 it ranged from 3.16% to 64%. …”
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Evaluating Auroral Forecasts Against Satellite Observations by M. K. Mooney, M. S. Marsh, C. Forsyth, M. Sharpe, T. Hughes, S. Bingham, D. R. Jackson, I. J. Rae, G. Chisham

“…As a probabilistic forecast, OVATION‐Prime 2013 tends to underpredict the occurrence of aurora by a factor of 1.1–6, while probabilities of over 90% are overpredicted.…”
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MEMPSEP‐II. Forecasting the Properties of Solar Energetic Particle Events Using a Multivariate Ensemble Approach by Maher A. Dayeh, Subhamoy Chatterjee, Andrés Muñoz‐Jaramillo, Kimberly Moreland, Hazel M. Bain, Samuel T. Hart

“…Skill scores demonstrate that MEMPSEP exhibits improved predictions on SEP properties for the test set data with SEP occurrence probability above 50%, compared to those with a probability below 50%. …”
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Orthogonal Wavelet Transform-Based Gaussian Mixture Model for Bearing Fault Diagnosis by Weipeng Li, Yan Cao, Lijuan Li, Siyu Hou

“…This procedure involves the combination of multiple probability distributions to describe different sample spaces. …”
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Graph Evaluation and Review Technique for Emergency Logistics Distribution in Complex Environment by Lin Lu, Liguo Yang, Xiaochun Luo

“…Based on the properties of moment generating function and the calculation method of Mason formula, this paper fully considers the success probability, risk probability, delivery time, and other factors of the distribution route and puts forward the transshipment scheme of each logistics site to the disaster sites. …”
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Using Nonlinear Diffusion Model to Identify Music Signals by Qiang Li

“…This paper attempts to use the mathematical method of stochastic differentiation to solve the key problem of the time-dependent solution of the probability density function of noise interference signals and to study the application of random differentiation theory in radar interference signal processing and music signal processing. …”
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Seismic and Tsunamis Vulnerability Assessment of the Shelter School Building Structure with and without Retrofitting by Fauzan, Zev Al Jauhari, Geby Aryo Agista, Atsushi Yokota, Masharya Eko Putra

“…Similarly, it reduced the probability of building damage due to tsunami loads by 20%, at the level of complete damage corresponding to a tsunami wave height of 5.00 m for West Pasaman, Indonesia. …”
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Coordination of preventive, emergency and restorative trading strategies under uncertain sequential extreme weather events by Xuemei Dai, Jing Zhou, Xu Zhang, Kaifeng Zhang, Wei Feng

“…First, a two-layer graph neural network (GNN) is employed to predict the probability distribution of system outages caused by SEWEs. …”
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Study on the Transfer Threshold from Meteorological to Hydrological Drought in Dongjiang River Basin by MO Xiaomei, TU Xinjun, WANG Tian, XIE Yuting, ZHAO Guoyang

“…The study on transfer threshold between different drought types can effectively analyze the occurrence law and mechanism of drought transfer,especially the study on transfer threshold from meteorological drought to hydrological drought.Taking the Dongjiang River Basin as the research object,this paper calculates the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized runoff index (SRI) at month scale,identifies and extracts the drought events and their characteristics,including drought duration and drought severity based on the run theory,matches the meteorological drought events and hydrological drought events that occur at the fully or partially same time,fits the edge distribution of the matched drought characteristic attributes to verify the correlation between the duration or severity of meteorological and hydrological droughts,establishes the joint distribution models of meteorological drought and hydrological drought based on two-variable Copula function,calculates the conditional probability of different grades of hydrological drought (moderate drought,severe drought and extreme drought) under different meteorological drought conditions,and takes the drought duration or severity value corresponding to the conditional probability of 0.95 as the drought duration or severity threshold for the transfer of meteorological drought to the hydrological drought of this grade.The results show that:The optimal fit functions of meteorological drought duration and severity in the Dongjiang River Basin were gamma distribution.The optimal fit function of hydrological drought duration is gamma distribution,and the marginal distribution function of hydrological drought severity was generalized normal distribution.The drought duration and severity were better when fitting by the Gumbel-copula function.The thresholds of drought duration of middle,severe and extreme drought grades in Dongjiang River basin were 6.9 months,8.3 months,9.4 months,respectively.While the thresholds of drought severity were 4.6,5.7 and 6.6,respectively.Drought transfer threshold can provide reference for hydrological drought prediction and government decision-making of drought prevention and mitigation.…”
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Effects of Climate Finance on Risk Appraisal: A Study in the Southwestern Coast of Bangladesh by Firdaus Ara Hussain, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad

“…This paper aims to examine how the support from climate finance affects risk appraisal in terms of the perceived probability and severity and the factors which influence risk appraisal. …”
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Ensemble Forecasts of Solar Wind Connectivity to 1 Rs Using ADAPT‐WSA by D. E. daSilva, S. Wallace, C. N. Arge, S. Jones

“…Our method produces an arbitrary 2D probability distribution capable of reflecting complex source configurations with minimal assumptions about the distribution structure, prepared in a computationally efficient manner.…”
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Reliability Evaluation of NPP’s Power Supply System Based on Improved GO-FLOW Method by Jie Zhao, Tian Liu, Yu Zhao, Dichen Liu, Xiaodong Yang, Yi Lin, Zhangsui Lin, Yong Lei

“…Comprehensively considering the effect of total signaling flow in the power supply system, the equivalent reliability parameter model and common cause failure probability model of multimodal repairable components are constructed. …”
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Research on IoT security situation awareness method based on evidence theory by Jian LI, Tinglu DONG, Jie LI

“…The security problem of IoT became more and more serious with its rapid development.Considering that the current IoT security situation awareness system lacks generality and excessively relies on expert knowledge, a IoT security situation awareness method based on improved D-S evidence theory was proposed in this paper.Fuzzy Gaussian membership function was used to calculate the vulnerability information membership matrix, which was normalized as evidence distribution matrix.The improved Topsis method was used to measure the evidence credibility.In order to fully restrain the credibility of conflicting evidence and improve the credibility of mutually supporting evidence, local credibility between two evidence was aggregated and the expected positive and negative solution vectors were improved according to the situation assessment scenario.And the weighted average method was used for vulnerability information fusion, to obtain the result of situational assessment.The result of situational awareness was fused with the time discount and high-risk vulnerability information discount evidence theory.At the same time, the IoT vulnerability information at different moments was considered comprehensively, the evidence was adaptively and dynamically weighted with the ratio information of high-risk vulnerability.The experimental results show that in the fusion of different numbers of evidence bodies and four common conflicting evidence, the improved Topsis method has higher fusion probability on credible proposition.In the aspect of situation assessment, the risk degree of current system is accurately assessed.And in the aspect of situational awareness, this discount evidence theory can predict the probability of high risk and critical risk, which is more effective than the traditional D-S evidence theory.According to this theory, a IoT security situational awareness method process was proposed, which would be used to guide engineering practice.In the future, the relationship between vulnerabilities can be considered and richer information between vulnerabilities can be extracted for vulnerability exploiting, so that the result of situation assessment is more accurate and reasonable.On the other hand, for situational awareness, game theory can be adopted in the process of dynamic game between the attacker and defender.…”
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Linking interannual variability of turbidity fronts in the Eastern China Seas to local processes and ocean warming by Yunfei Du, Daidu Fan, Jicai Zhang

“…A gradient-based front detection algorithm and frontal probability are used to identify the geographical locations of turbidity fronts and their variability at the interannual scale, respectively. …”
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Reliable Disparity Estimation Using Multiocular Vision with Adjustable Baseline by Victor H. Diaz-Ramirez, Martin Gonzalez-Ruiz, Rigoberto Juarez-Salazar, Miguel Cazorla

“…Afterwards, the disparity map for the subsequent images with an extended baseline is estimated within a short optimized interval, minimizing the probability of matching errors and further error propagation. …”
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