A Parallel Decoding Algorithm for Short Polar Codes Based on Error Checking and Correcting by Yingxian Zhang, Xiaofei Pan, Kegang Pan, Zhan Ye, Chao Gong

“…In order to further correct those checked errors, we adopt the method of modifying the probability messages of the error nodes with constant values according to the maximization principle. …”
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Exploring Logical Intuition in Base-Rate Problems Using the Instructional Manipulation Paradigm by Debiao Zhu, Ping Lu, Zhujing Hu, Jianyong Yang, Dandan Nie

“…Participants judged the probability that a character in a base-rate problem belonged to a particular group based on either their beliefs or statistics and then rated their confidence in their responses. …”
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Gauss-diffusion processes for modeling the dynamics of a couple of interacting neurons by Aniello Buonocore, Luigia Caputo, Enrica Pirozzi, Maria Francesca Carfora

“…However, we are able to apply some well-known results for the first passage time problem for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in order to obtain (i) an approximation of the probability density function of the inter-spike intervals in one-way-type interaction and (ii) an approximation of the tail of the probability density function of the inter-spike intervals in the mutual interaction. …”
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QUALITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS TRANSMISSION THROUGH INCUBATION EGGS by A. S. Oganesyan, A. V. Varkentin, N. Ye. Baskakova, A. K. Karaulov

“…Probability of AI virus transmission through commercial eggs derived from quails, turkeys, geese, chickens is shown to be high. …”
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Seismic Hazard of the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India, from Deterministic Modeling of Possible Rupture Planes in the Area by Anand Joshi, Ashvini Kumar, Heriberta Castanos, Cinna Lomnitz

“…The prepared map shows that regions like Tehri, Chamoli, Almora, Srinagar, Devprayag, Bageshwar, and Pauri fall in a zone of 10% probability of exceedence of peak ground acceleration of value 200 gals.…”
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Analysis of Different R&D Co-Competition Modes of Asymmetric Duopoly Enterprises under the Uncertainty of R&D Success by Yinghua Song, Xiaoyan Sang, Zhe Wang, Hongqian Xu

“…In this paper, we incorporate the uncertainty of R&D success probability into the model and reverse induction is applied to solve it. …”
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Analysis of 6G and B5G waveforms using hybrid MF-ED and ECG-ED spectrum sensing techniques by Arun Kumar, Aziz Nanthaamornphong

“…Additionally, characteristics including bit error rate (BER), power spectral density (PSD), probability of detection (pd), and probability of false alarm (pfa) were researched and evaluated for 500 and 1000 samples. …”
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Risk assessment of gas explosion based on fuzzy Bayesian network improved by entropy weight method by Wen HAN, Zhaoyang YU, Fei LIU, Haoyou ZHAO

“…The results show that the risk probability of gas explosion in Songlin Coal Mine in Guizhou is 25 %, and the risk level is general risk. …”
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Leishmaniasis and Climate Change—Case Study: Argentina by Oscar Daniel Salomón, María Gabriela Quintana, Andrea Verónica Mastrángelo, María Soledad Fernández

“…These studies showed that the changes in transmission due to change or increase in frequency and intensity of climatic instability were expressed through changes in the probability of vector-human reservoir effective contacts. …”
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Playability of self-sustained musical instrument models: statistical approaches by Pégeot Martin, Colinot Tom, Doc Jean-Baptiste, Fréour Vincent, Vergez Christophe

“…An existing sample-based method called basin stability is presented to calculate the probability of occurrence of each regime. A second sample-based method is proposed for the calculation of the probability density function of transient durations. …”
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The Effects of Vitamin D Supplement on Prevention of Recurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women with a History of Preeclampsia by Sanam Behjat Sasan, Farnaz Zandvakili, Nasrin Soufizadeh, Elaheh Baybordi

“…The patients in intervention group have significantly lower (P value = 0.036) probability of preeclampsia than patients in the control group. …”
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Identifying the Service Areas and Travel Demand of the Commuter Customized Bus Based on Mobile Phone Signaling Data by Jingyuan Wang, Meng Zhang

“…Logistic regression models are applied to estimate the probability of the grids being used as commuter CB service areas and the probability of the existence of potential travel demand in the grids and, further, to dig into the time-space distribution characteristics of people with potential demand for CB travel and analyze the distribution of high hotspot service areas. …”
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A multi-source data-driven approach for navigation safety integrating computational intelligence and Bayesian networks by Xiaotong Qu, Chengbo Wang, Chengbo Wang

“…Finally, the probability distribution of navigation risk is determined by combining the prior probability and the dependencies, which are converted into risk index values through utility theory. …”
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Detection Performance of Polarization and Spatial Diversities for Indoor GNSS Applications by Mohammadreza Zaheri, Ali Broumandan, Vahid Dehghanian, Gérard Lachapelle

“…Experimental results show that, for a given target detection performance in terms of the probability of false alarm and the probability of detection, the required input SNR level to meet the target detection performance can be significantly reduced utilizing the diversity system.…”
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Maximizing Network Lifetime of Directional Sensor Networks Considering Coverage Reliability by Joon-Min Gil, Jong Hyuk Park, Young-Sik Jeong

“…For the DCCR problem, we first present a coverage reliability model that mainly takes into account the detection probability of each sensor in cover-sets and eventually supports coverage reliability for target coverage. …”
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Surprisingly robust violations of stochastic dominance despite splitting training: A quasi-adversarial collaboration by Edika Quispe-Torreblanca, Neil Stewart, Michael H. Birnbaum

“…In Expected Utility Theory (EUT) and Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT), gambles are represented as probability distributions, where probabilities of equivalent events can be combined, ensuring stochastic dominance. …”
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State Modelling of the Land Mobile Propagation Channel with Multiple Satellites by Daniel Arndt, Alexander Ihlow, Albert Heuberger, Ernst Eberlein

“…Furthermore, a master satellite with a high elevation provides a lower probability error compared to a master with low elevation.…”
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Secrecy Cognitive Gain of Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks with Primary Outage Constraint by Hongyu Ma, Kai Niu, Weiling Wu, Shengyu Li, Guangqian Chu

“…Based on stochastic geometry technique, a novel random analysis method is proposed to derive the closed-form expression of secrecy transmission capacity and analyze the connection outage probability (COP) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) for both secondary (SR) and primary (PR) systems. …”
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A Gradient-Based Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Multiple Cooperative Agents by Zhen Zhang, Dongqing Wang, Dongbin Zhao, Qiaoni Han, Tingting Song

“…Within the MARL category, this paper proposes the probability of maximal reward based on the infinitesimal gradient ascent (PMR-IGA) algorithm to reach the maximal total reward in repeated games. …”
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Modeling Mixed Bicycle Traffic Flow: A Comparative Study on the Cellular Automata Approach by Dan Zhou, Sheng Jin, Dongfang Ma, Dianhai Wang

“…In the research for this paper, many cases, featuring different values for the slowing down probability, lane-changing probability, and proportion of EBs, were simulated, while the fundamental diagrams and capacities of the proposed models were analyzed and compared between the two models. …”
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