Cost-effectiveness of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) versus selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD) in intensive care units with low levels of antimicrobial resist... by Marc J M Bonten, Denise van Hout, Nienke L Plantinga, Patricia C Bruijning-Verhagen, Evelien A N Oostdijk, Anne Marie G A de Smet, G Ardine de Wit, Cornelis H van Werkhoven

“…At a willingness-to-pay value of €33 633 per one prevented in-hospital death, SDD had a probability of 90.0% to be cost-effective as compared with SOD.Conclusion In Dutch ICUs, SDD has a very high probability of cost-effectiveness as compared to SOD. …”
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Targeted Therapies for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis by Yusi Chen, Fang Li, Jun Luo, Jingyuan Chen, Peng Luo, Jiang Li

“…NMA revealed that riociguat was ranked first as the most optimized therapy for ameliorating the 6-minute walk distance with a probability of 80.4%. Bosentan was significantly better than others with regard to reducing brain natriuretic peptide/N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide with a probability of 84.3%. …”
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Comparative efficacy and safety of 20 intravenous pharmaceutical intervention for prevention of etomidate-induced myoclonus: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis by Lu Chen, Lu Chen, Pengxiang Zhou, Pengxiang Zhou, Zhengqian Li, Ziyang Wu, Suodi Zhai, Suodi Zhai

“…Granisetron (odds ratio [OR]: 0.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00 to 0.06; one study, moderate certainty) and oxycodone (OR: 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.05; three studies, low certainty) was found to be the most effective intervention in reducing the risk of EIM and ranked highest in terms of surface under the cumulative ranking values (94.4% and 89.7% probability), followed by sufentanil (76.5% probability) and remifentanil (74.8% probability). …”
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On the Asymptotic Formula of a Bessel’s Functions Product in Intermodulation Analysis by Xie Zhongjie

“…A probability proof of an asymptotic formula of Bessel’s functions product is given. …”
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Rare plants detection using a YOLOv3 neural network by L.A. Gorodetskaya, A.Y. Denisova, L.M. Kavelenova, V.A. Fedoseev

“…The experiments have shown that training a neural network exclusively using images collected in the natural habitat makes it possible to achieve a probability of correct detection of peonies of 0.93, while using data obtained at different years allows increasing the probability of correct detection to 0.95.…”
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Spatial stochastic models of cancer: Fitness, migration, invasion by Natalia L. Komarova

“…We furtherdemonstrate that the neutral ridges (the set of all types with theinvasion probability equal to that of the host cells) remain invariantunder the increase of system size (for large system sizes), thusmaking the invasion probability a universal characteristic of thecells' selection status. …”
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Ground-Air Traffic Congestion Propagation Model Based on Hierarchical Control Interdependent Network by Furong Jiang, Zhaoning Zhang, Xiaoxu Dai

“…Finally, a high propagation probability among adjacent terminals and a high recovery probability are identified at the network system level. …”
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Research on gear reliability based on improved fourth moment by WANG ChunRong, ZHOU FuPing, XIA ErDong, GAO Hao

“…Then, the correlation between multiple failure modes and the overall failure probability considering failure correlation were calculated based on the conditional probability dimension reduction method. …”
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Assessment of Durability of Concrete Structure Subject to Carbonation with Application of Safety Factor by Seung-Woo Pack, Min Sun Jung, Jun Won Kang, Ki Yong Ann, Janghwan Kim

“…Goodness-of-fit tests were used to obtain optimal probability distributions for carbonation depths and cover depths. …”
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Disordered and Multiple Destinations Path Planning Methods for Mobile Robot in Dynamic Environment by Yong-feng Dong, Hong-mei Xia, Yan-cong Zhou

“…It can calculate the crossover probability and mutation probability adaptively changing with environment at any time. …”
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Expressiveness of Commutative Quantum Circuits: A Probabilistic Approach by Jorge M. Ramirez, Elaine Wong, Caio Alves, Sarah Chehade, Ryan Bennink

“…Based on the Fourier series representation of these circuits, we express quantum expectation and pairwise fidelity as characteristic functions of random variables, and we characterize expressiveness as the recurrence probability of a random walk on a lattice. A central outcome of our work includes formulas to approximate the frame potential and expressiveness for any commutative quantum circuit, underpinned by convergence theorems in the probability theory. …”
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The Impact of Microearthquakes Induced by Reservoir Water Level Rise on Stability of Rock Slope by Dongliang Li, Xinrong Liu, Xingwang Li, Yongquan Liu

“…Under the same failure probability, as the number of microearthquake occurrences increases, the safety factor of slope under microearthquake action decreases gradually.…”
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Effects of COVID-19 on Coffee Market Participation of Smallholder Coffee Producers’ in Godere District, Southwestern Ethiopia by Temesgen Kabeta, Mabiratu Dangia

“…Most of the coffee producers agreed that COVID-19 affected their probability of coffee market participation because concerned stakeholders in the sector were not well subsidized to recover from the depression. …”
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Restricted Boltzmann Machine-Assisted Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Complex Problems by Lin Bao, Xiaoyan Sun, Yang Chen, Guangyi Man, Hui Shao

“…The visible layer’s probability of the RBM is designed as the sampling probability model of the estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) and is updated dynamically along with the update of the dominant subsets. …”
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Marshall–Olkin Extended Gumbel Type-II Distribution: Properties and Applications by Farwa Willayat, Naz Saud, Muhammad Ijaz, Anita Silvianita, Mahmoud El-Morshedy

“…Due to the advance computer technology, the use of probability distributions has been raised up to solve the real life problems. …”
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The mean and noise of stochastic gene transcription with cell division by Qi Wang, Lifang Huang, Kunwen Wen, Jianshe Yu

“…Our results show that the steady-state mRNA noise with symmetric cell division is less than that with binomial inheritance with probability 0.5, but the steady-state mean transcript level with symmetric division is always equal to that with binomial inheritance with probability 0.5. …”
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Sufficient statistics for the Pareto distribution parameter by I. S. Pulkin, A. V. Tatarintsev

“…For the product of the sample elements considered as a random variable the distribution function and probability density are found; mathematical expectation, higher moments, and differential entropy are calculated. …”
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Probabilistic-Based Analysis for Damaging Features of Fatigue Strain Loadings by Mohd Faridz Mod Yunoh, Shahrum Abdullah, Mohamad Hanif Md. Saad, Zulkifli Mohd Nopiah, Mohd Zaki Nuawi, Salvinder Singh Karam Singh

“…It has been found that about 70% of the probability of failure occurs in the 1.0 x 10-5 to 1.0 x 10-4 damage range for both signals, while 90% of the probability of failure occurs in the 1.0 x 10-4 to 1.0 x 10-3 damage range. …”
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Shape Prior Embedded Level Set Model for Image Segmentation by Wansuo Liu, Dengwei Wang, Wenjun Shi

“…The purpose of the probability weighting is to introduce region information into the edge stop function to enhance the model’s ability to capture weak edges. …”
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Differential analysis of lightweight cipher algorithm ACE based on MILP by Shuai LIU, Jie GUAN, Bin HU, Sudong MA

“…The differential property of the lightweight cipher algorithm ACE was researched.n-dimension ring AND-gate combination was defined and its differential property was described accurately by only O(n) expressions with the MILP method by analyzing the relationship among AND gates.The nonlinear operation of ACE was transformed to the 32-dimension ring AND-gate combination and the MILP differential model of ACE was proposed.According to the characteristics of Gurobi solver, a model for fast solving the MILP differential model of ACE was given.For ACE permutation with 3 to 6 steps, the optimal differential characteristic was obtained and its probability was improved by multi-difference technique.The differential forge attack on authenticated encryption algorithm ACE-<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mi mathvariant="script">A</mi><mi mathvariant="script">E</mi></math></inline-formula>-128 and the differential collision attack on hash algorithm ACE-<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi></math></inline-formula>-256 was given with 3-step ACE permutation, and the success probability was 2^-90.52.And it was proved that the 4-steps ACE permutation arrived the differential security bound of 128 bit.Actually, the MILP differential description of ring AND-gate combination can be applied on more cipher algorithms, such as SIMON, Simeck.…”
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