Clinical diagnosis of seasonal influenza by physicians: a retrospective observational study by Hiroyuki Kato, Tadashi Kobayashi, Hiroki Maita, Takashi Akimoto, Fumihiko Matsuoka, Shigeki Funakoshi, Hiroshi Osawa

“…Objective To elucidate the diagnostic accuracy of pretest probability of influenza (%) by physicians and the factors affecting the clinical diagnosis.Design Retrospective, single-centre observational study.Setting A community primary care clinic in Japan.Participants The participants were recruited from a database of studies conducted during the influenza season from December 2017 to April 2019.Primary outcome measure Sensitivity and specificity of the physician’s clinical diagnosis of influenza recorded in the medical record as pretest probability.Results A total of 335 patients (median age, 31 years; male, 66.6%) were analysed in this study. …”
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A radiological study on the relationship between the novel acromial angle and rotator cuff tears by Zhipeng Hou, Jiabao Dong, Wenzhao Shang, Quqiao Wan, Haoxin Huang

“…Therefore, the novel acromial angle may serve as a simple and objective method to predict the probability of rotator cuff tears.…”
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Seismic Fragility Estimates of LRB Base Isolated Frames Using Performance-Based Design by Iman Mansouri, Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri, Jong Wan Hu, Mohammadreza Khoshkalam, Sanaz Soori, Shahrokh Shahbazi

“…The results show the reduction of determined failure probability in fragility curves for two levels of performance of uninterrupted use and lateral safety. …”
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Study of Clogging Phenomenon for a Conical Hopper: The Influence of Particle Bed Height and Hopper Angle by Muhammad Hammad Khalid, Yixian Zhou

“…In general, the clogging probability J increases with height h and starts to saturate when h is larger than a critical value. …”
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Parking Demand vs Supply: An Optimization-Based Approach at a University Campus by Navid Nadimi, Sanaz Afsharipoor, Amir Mohammadian Amiri

“…For this purpose, first, the probability of using a specific parking lot by each group is determined. …”
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Adaptive Variable Structure Interacting Multiple Model Tracking Algorithm for Hypersonic Glide Vehicle by Zhumu Fu, Dongfeng Wan, Zhikai Wang, Fazhan Tao

“…Additionally, it designs two correction functions and embeds them into the model probability update phase of the adaptive variable structure interacting multiple model algorithm, so that the proposed adaptive variable structure interacting multiple model algorithm can adaptively adjust the transition probability matrix (TPM) according to the probability law of the target maneuver model. …”
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Utilization of CT Pulmonary Angiography in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in a Major Urban Emergency Department by Adil Shujaat, Janet M. Shapiro, Edward Eden

“…PE could have been excluded without CTPA in ~1 out of 4 patients with low clinical probability of PE, if a formal assessment of probability and d-dimer test had been done. …”
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Predicted distribution of curl-leaf mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius) in the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area. by Robert E Kissell, Michael T Tercek, David P Thoma, Kristin L Legg

“…A combination of probability density estimation and vector analysis was used to predict curl-leaf mountain mahogany distribution across the species range relative to climate space and how that relationship would affect curl-leaf mountain mahogany at a local scale. …”
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NONLINEAR PROOF-OF-WORK: IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BITCOIN MINING by Riaan Bezuidenhout, Wynand Nel, Andries Burger

“… Bitcoin is probably the most well-known blockchain system in existence. …”
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ANALYSIS OF RELIABILITY OF NONRECTORABLE REDUNDANT POWER SYSTEMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT COMMON FAILURES by V. A. Anischenko, A. N. Ivanova, E. L. Mislo

“…The first problem is solved due to criterion of minimum cost of system providing mean probability of no-failure operation, the second problem is solved due to criterion of maximum of mean probability of no-failure operation with cost limitation of system.…”
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Seismic Performance-Based Evaluation of Cold-Rolled Steel Structures by Samira Zekri, Javad Salajegheh

“…Results show that failure probability following a decreasing trend up to two story-floor frames increased up to five-floor frames. …”
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Comparison of Different Machine Learning Methodologies for Predicting the Non‐Specific Treatment Response in Placebo Controlled Major Depressive Disorder Clinical Trials by Roberto Gomeni, Françoise Bressolle‐Gomeni

“…The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the machine learning methodologies to estimate the individual probability of a non‐specific treatment effect. The estimated probability is expected to support novel methodological approaches for better controlling effect of excessively high placebo response. …”
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Performance analysis and optimization of cooperative spectrum sensing for maximizing secondary throughput by LI Mei-ling1, YUAN Chao-wei1, LI Lin1, YANG Rui-zhe3

“…The relationship among SU,detection threshold,bandwidth,spectrum utilization and secondary throughput in cognitive radio networks was analyzed,which indicates the lower false alarm probability,higher spectrum utilization and larger secondary throughput with less SU in C-CSS（censoring based cooperative spectrum sensing）,besides,the required detection threshold for maximizing the secondary throughput different with the traditional CSS under given SU number and the objective demand.Based on the NP criticism,an optimal cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm for maximizing the secondary throughput was proposed by solving the mathematic model to obtain the optimal party of SU and detection threshold.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the maximized secondary throughput achieved by the proposed optimal algorithm,while maintaining the given detection probability.…”
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Community based multi-copied data delivery scheme for delay tolerant sensor network by Bin FU, Ren-fa LI, Xiong-ren XIAO, Ya-wei HUANG

“…Under the community network model,data delivery probabilities of multi-copied delivery were deduced. …”
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Research of the Reliability of Planetary Gear Transmission System for Offshore Platform Lifting System by Wu Pingping, Liu Ning, Zhao Yixiang

“…By using the mathematical statistics known probability density distribution is complex,the dynamic meshing force can’t meet the normal probability distribution assumption,traditional reliability analysis methods not applicable. …”
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Delay constraint minimum interruption routing algorithm for mobile satellite network by ZHANG Tao, LIU Zhong-kan, ZHANG Jun

“…By the analysis of the characteristics of mobile satellite network,such as a long delay and a topological time-varying,a novel satellite network delay constraint optimal path（SDCOP）algorithm,which could obtain a path to sat-isfy the delay constraint condition as well as the minimization of interruption during the service,was proposed.This algo-rithm exploits the predictive nature of connectivity changes of time-varying topological to decrease the influence in the QoS routing performance caused by the handover.Besides,it has a low computing complexity to adapt to the restricted computing capability of satellite equipments.Correlative simulation indicates that this novel algorithm is superior to other current algo-rithm in respect of computing complexity,service blocking probability and interrupting probability etc.…”
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Personalized fund recommendation with dynamic utility learning by Jiaxin Wei, Jia Liu

“…The system generates product lists using the $$\epsilon$$ ϵ -greedy algorithm, where each product on the list has the probability of 1- $$\epsilon$$ ϵ of being selected as an exploitation strategy, and the probability of $$\epsilon$$ ϵ is chosen as the exploration strategy. …”
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McEliece public key cryptosystem attack algorithm based on enumeration error vector by Jing-mei LIU, Yan-li WANG, Bin LIANG, Lin-sen ZHAO

“…Considering the above analysis, an attack algorithm based on enumeration error vector was proposed. The effect on probability of correct decryption by the numbers of error flipping bits and algorithm iteration was focused on. …”
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Robust power and subcarrier allocation algorithm for cognitive network based on interference efficiency maximization by Yongjun XU, Yang YANG, Qilie LIU, Qianbin CHEN, Jinzhao LIN

“…For the cognitive OFDMA uplink communication system,a robust power and subcarrier allocation algorithm based on maximum interference efficiency was proposed.Firstly,considering primary user interference constraint,secondary user transmit power constraint,subcarrier allocation constraint and secondary user minimum rate constraint,a robust resource optimization model based on outage probability was established.Then,by using Bernstein approximation and Dinkelbach’s method,the original non-convex problem based on outage probability was transformed into an equivalent convex optimization one,and the analytical solution was obtained by Lagrangian dual function method.Meanwhile,the computational complexity and robust sensitivity of the algorithm were analyzed.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better interference efficiency and robustness.…”
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Handy formulas for binomial moments by Maciej Skorski

“…Despite the relevance of the binomial distribution for probability theory and applied statistical inference, its higher-order moments are poorly understood. …”
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