Similar Simulation Test on Deformation Characteristics of Overlying Rock Developed by Instability of Strip Coal Pillar by Yong Liu, Bing Chen, Shilei Cui, Dawei Yin

“…Affected by the comprehensive factors such as long-term overlying rock load, water accumulation in goafs, and adjacent mining, the instability probability of strip coal pillar increases greatly, which becomes a potential hidden danger of surface disaster. …”
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The Effectual Spectrum Defragmentation Algorithm with Holding Time Sensitivity in Elastic Optical Network (EON) by S. Selva Kumar, J. Kamalakannan, R. Seetha, N. Asha, Kiruba Thangam Raja, S. Sree Dharinya, M. Sucharitha, S. Kalaivani

“…The simulation results are evaluated using standard metrics such as bandwidth blocking probability, bandwidth fragmentation ratio, and spectrum utilization gain. …”
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Site Prediction Model for the over Rooftop Path in a Suburban Environment at Millimeter Wave by Young Keun Yoon, Kyung Won Kim, Young Jun Chong

“…The proposed pathloss model is based on the moving measurement campaign according to the distance between a transmitter and a receiver in the candidate millimeter wave band or future five-generation service. In addition, the probability characteristics of pathloss such as the cumulative density function are shown to estimate the spreading characteristics of the wideband signal with a five-hundred-MHz bandwidth. …”
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Teaching and Assessment of Physical Education in Secondary Schools of Kabale Municipality. by Bakurumpagi, Eliab

“…The study involved 66 respondents selected through non-probability sampling methods, including purposive sampling, stratified sampling, and snowball sampling. …”
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Genetic Stability and Inbreeding in a Synthetic Maize Variety Based on a Finite Model by Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez, Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos, Aureliano Peña-Lomelí, Clemente Villanueva-Verduzco, Denise Arellano-Suarez

“…However, the probability that their frequencies remain the same decreases as <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> gets larger.…”
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A Study on the Yield Stability of Oilseed Sunflower Genotypes under Drought Stress by Nasrin Akbari, Reza Darvishzadeh

“…Based on the correlation results, the average yield (MY) with S(3) statistics at the 5% probability level and with S(6), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4), GE (θ(i)), and Kang statistics at the 1% probability level showed a negative correlation and with NP(1), Wi2, σi2, Reg, MV (θi) and Sdi2 statistics at the 1% level showed positive and significant correlations. …”
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Genetic status assessment and future development forecast for an isolated giant panda population by Jiabin Liu, Jiaojiao Yu, Wenlei Bi, Mingxia Fu, Xiang Yu, Rong Hou, Xinqiang Song, Rui Ma, Yanshan Zhou, Zusheng Li, Hong Yang, Wei Wu, Jiang Gu, Chong Huang, Long Zhang, Xiaodong Gu, Haijun Gu, Daode Yang, Dunwu Qi

“…The most effective strategy to increase population size (to over 80 individuals), maintain the genetic diversity (above 90 %), and ensure a high survival probability (above 98 %) is to release at least one female panda annually for 50 years or two females annually for 30 years. …”
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Exploring the Genotype-Environment Interaction in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Optimal Selection by Mahdi Ramazi, Saeed Sadeghzadeh Hemayati, Heshmat Omidi, Amirmohammad Naji

“…The interaction effects of year-location and genotype-year-location at the 1% probability level for both root yield and white sugar yield traits and genotype-year at the 5% probability level on white sugar yield made a significant difference. …”
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Comprehensive Evaluation of GPM-IMERG, CMORPH, and TMPA Precipitation Products with Gauged Rainfall over Mainland China by Guanghua Wei, Haishen Lü, Wade T. Crow, Yonghua Zhu, Jianqun Wang, Jianbin Su

“…However, all four products are unreliable over XJ at both an annual and seasonal scale. (4) Across all products, TRMM 3B42 best reproduces the probability density function (PDF) of daily precipitation intensity. (5) According to the categorical verification technique in this study, both IMERG products yield better results for the detection of precipitation events on the basis of probability of detection (POD) and critical success index (CSI) categorical evaluations compared to TRMM 3B42 and CMORPH-CRT over China and across most of the subregions. …”
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Vibration Analysis of Driving-Point System with Uncertainties Using Polynomial Chaos Expansion by Bin Xiao, Yu-long Zhou, Chao Gao, Shuang-Xia Shi, Ze-Xi Sun, Zong-biao Song

“…Considering the asymptotic probability density function of mode shape, the dynamic compliance is decomposed into the mean of mode shape and the subsystem represented as an orthogonal polynomial expansion. …”
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Evaluation and zoning of thermal and phenological conditions of grape cultivation in Hamadan province by akbar Shaemi- Barzoki, Nasrin Nikandish, abolfazl Baghbani- Arani, Samira Aligholi

“…The probable date of late spring frost was seen at the end of April in the southern half (Malayer and Nahavand) areas, which coincides with the phenological stage of germination. …”
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Prevalence of Physical and Psychological Violence among Heterosexual Couples by Laura López Angulo, Yenisley Fundora Quintero, Anais Valladares González, Yamila Ramos Rangel, Yanet Blanco Fleites

“…<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> a cross-sectional study of adults aged 15 to 74 years was conducted in six health areas. An equal probability sample of 1873 subjects was selected. The variables included psychological and physical violence, sex, age, skin color, marital status, educational level and history of living in troubled homes. …”
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Generalized Propensity Score Matching with Multilevel Treatment Options by Onur Baser

“…The outcome variable was total annual health care costs. Inverse probability weighting was applied to calculate risk adjusted costs. …”
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Factors Influencing Adoption of IoT and Its Impact on CRM in Banks: Examining the Moderating Role of Gender, Age, and Bank Ownership Type by Parul Bajaj, Imran Anwar, Ali Thabit Yahya, Imran Saleem

“…A cross-sectional, non-probability-based survey was conducted from 467 bank customers of three public and three private sector banks in Aligarh city of India. …”
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Creating National Weights for a Patient-level Longitudinal Database by Onur Baser, Li Wang, Jon Maguire

“…The weight was derived using the inverse probability of the weighting approach, as well as a raking mechanism. …”
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Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization with Learning Enthusiasm Mechanism and Its Application in Chemical Engineering by Xu Chen, Bin Xu, Kunjie Yu, Wenli Du

“…In the basic TLBO and most of its variants, all the learners have the same probability of getting knowledge from others. However, in the real world, learners are different, and each learner’s learning enthusiasm is not the same, resulting in different probabilities of acquiring knowledge. …”
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On Erdős sums of almost primes by Gorodetsky, Ofir, Lichtman, Jared Duker, Wong, Mo Dick

“…We also give an alternate, probability-theoretic argument related to the Dickman distribution. …”
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I See Your Gesture: A VR-Based Study of Bidirectional Communication between Pedestrians and Automated Vehicles by Michael R. Epke, Lars Kooijman, Joost C. F. de Winter

“…The first independent variable was the participants’ opportunity to use a hand gesture to increase the probability that the AV would stop for them. The second independent variable was the AV’s response “I SEE YOU,” displayed on an eHMI when the vehicle yielded. …”
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Communicating to prospective students through appropriate sources of information by Melanie Wiese, Yolanda Jordaan, Cornelius van Heerden

“…A quantitative study with a self-administrated questionnaire was used to obtain information by means of a non-probability convenience sample of 1 241 students from six public HEIs in South Africa. …”
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On the Unambiguous Distance of Multicarrier Phase Ranging With Random Hopped Frequencies by Peng Liu, Wangdong Qi, Yue Zhang, Li Wei

“…We prove that, without phase noise, the UD can reach its upper bound with a large probability when only a dozen of carriers are employed, as long as the hop set of FH waveform is large enough. …”
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