OH 89: A newly described ~1.8-million-year-old hominid clavicle from Olduvai Gorge by Taylor, Catherine E, Masao, Fidelis, Njau, Jackson K, Songita, Agustino Venance, Hlusko, Leslea J

“…We also describe a new methodology for measuring clavicular curvature using measurements of sternal and acromial curvature, from which an overall curvature measurement is calculated. A principal component analysis (PCA) and a t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) analysis are used to compare the morphology of OH 89 with the extant and fossil comparative samples. …”
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Valorization of vermicompost with bacterial fermented chicken feather hydrolysate for the yield improvement of tomato plant: A novel organic combination by Ishita Biswas, Debasis Mitra, Ansuman Senapati, Debanjan Mitra, Sourav Chattaraj, Murshed Ali, Goutam Basak, Periyasamy Panneerselvam, Pradeep K. Das Mohapatra

“…Conclusion The principal component analysis of the field experiment as a result of tomato plant-growth, the order of best treatment efficacy for improvement of parameter estimates was as follows: CFPH and VC > CFPH > VC > recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) > control. …”
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Consistent Estimators of the Population Covariance Matrix and Its Reparameterizations by Chia-Hsuan Tsai, Ming-Tien Tsai

“…A high-dimensional statistical hypothesis testing problem is used to carry out statistical inference for high-dimensional principal component analysis-related problems without the sparsity assumption. …”
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What should be publicly funded in the Colombian health system? A mixed methods study of citizens’ perceptions by Juan Carlos Velasquez, Claudia Marcela Vélez, Diana Patricia Díaz-Hernández, Pamela Velázquez-Salazar, Gilma Hernández-Herrera, Daniel Felipe Patiño-Lugo, Olga Francisca Salazar-Blanco, Leydi Camila Rodríguez-Corredor, Viviana María Vélez-Marín, Anny Julieth Jaramillo-García

“…We performed a content analysis of the interviews, and, for the quantitative strand, we performed a principal component analysis and varimax rotation to identify view patterns. …”
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Effects of the Treatment Technology of Soybean on Volatile Flavor Compounds of Plant-based Compound Milk during Storage by Xue WANG, Youqiang YU, Xiaoyang ZHENG, Hongjiang MA, Shiwei LIU, Wenxin WANG, Fang ZHOU, Shenglin DUAN

“…The results of principal component analysis showed that hexanol, 1-tetradecanol, 1-hexanol, pyridine, ethyl caproate, ethyl palmitate, 2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-acetylthiazole were the key factors affecting the flavor change of plant-based composite milk 1#, while 2,3 butanediol, n-hexanal, maltol, benzaldehyde, ethyl acetate, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine were the key factors affecting the flavor change of plant-based composite milk 2# during storage. …”
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Diagnosis of lung cancer using salivary miRNAs expression and clinical characteristics by Negar Alizadeh, Hoda Zahedi, Maryam Koopaie, Mahnaz Fatahzadeh, Reza Mousavi, Sajad Kolahdooz

“…Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to assess the potential significance of miRNAs in saliva for lung cancer diagnosis with the use of multiple logistic regression (MLR), principal component analysis, and machine learning methods. Results Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of miR-20a in lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis versus healthy control was higher than miR-221, and DOR of miR-221 was higher than let-7a-2. miR-20a demonstrated a higher DOR for small cell lung carcinoma versus healthy control compared to let-7a-2, which in turn exhibited a higher DOR than miR-221. …”
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Classification of Strawberry Maturity Stages and Varieties Using Neural Networks Based on Volatile Organic Compounds by Jing Huang, Xuenan Zhang, Hang Yang, Zhenbiao Li, Zhengfang Xue, Qingqing Wang, Xinyuan Zhang, Shenghua Ding, Zisheng Luo, Yanqun Xu

“…A comprehensive VOC dataset was rapidly collected using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) from five strawberry varieties at four maturity stages (n = 300) and visualized through principal component analysis (PCA). Five ML models were developed, including partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), decision trees, support vector machines (SVM), Xgboost and neural networks (NN). …”
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Forest value chain resilience from a local perspective in five European countries: analysis of predictors and co-drivers by Sandra P. García-Jácome, Martin Jankovský, Annechien Dirkje Hoeben, Marcus Lindner, Sara Uzquiano, Tobias Stern, Ondrej Nuhlíček, Dijana Vuletić, Hrvoje Marjanović, Juan Picos, Mikko Peltoniemi, Lukas Baumbach, Francisco Lloret, Francisco Lloret

“…A resilience assessment was conducted using resilience thresholds, considering sustainability from both ecological and economic perspectives. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified three predictor groups that influenced FVC resilience: wood production (WP), harvesting systems (HS), and management and silviculture (MS). …”
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Anatomical characterization of Semi-arid Bignoniaceae using light and scanning electron microscopy by Romisha Sonia, Shabnum Shaheen, Muhammad Waheed, Sana Imran, Shiekh Marifatul Haq, Murad Muhammad, Abeer Hashem, Samiha Al Shehri, Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah

“…Three statistical tools—heat map analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA)—were used to highlight distinctions and similarities among the species. …”
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Identification of fatty acid anabolism patterns to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer by Weijie Sun, Yanhong Xia, Feifan Jin, Jinghao Cao, Gaoping Wu, Keyi Li, Yanhua Yu, Yunyi Wu, Gaoqi Ye, Ke Xu, Dengpan Liu, Weidong Jin

“…Importantly, a distinctive FA-score was constructed through the principal component analysis to quantify the characteristics of fatty acid anabolism in each GC patient. …”
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Blanching-Induced Changes in Polyphenol Oxidase, Antioxidants and Phenolic Profile of Mangosteen Pericarp by Giroon Ijod, Nur Izzati Mohamed Nawawi, Rabiha Sulaiman, Noranizan Mohd Adzahan, Farooq Anwar, Ezzat Mohamad Azman

“…However, the principal component analysis (PCA) showed that steam blanching for 90 s was the most efficient method, preserving the highest levels of antioxidant capacity, expressed as Trolox equivalents (TE; 9135 µmol/g), Fe(III)-reducing power, expressed as TE, (9729 µmol/g), total anthocyanins (3.03 mg/g), and TPC, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (1057 mg/g). …”
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Freeze-Drying for the Reduction of Fruit and Vegetable Chain Losses: A Sustainable Solution to Produce Potential Health-Promoting Food Applications by Dario Donno, Giovanna Neirotti, Annachiara Fioccardi, Zoarilala Rinah Razafindrakoto, Nantenaina Tombozara, Maria Gabriella Mellano, Gabriele Loris Beccaro, Giovanni Gamba

“…Furthermore, a statistical approach using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out for a multivariate characterization of these products. …”
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Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis by Sunho Lee, Sunho Lee, Jueun Lee, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Yourim Shin, Yourim Shin, Dong-Min Shin, Jun-Won Kim, Jeong-Sun Yang, Kyung-Chang Kim, Joo-Yeon Lee, Geum-Sook Hwang, Geum-Sook Hwang

“…MethodsHere, metabolomics combined with transcriptomics was performed to elucidate the immunometabolic changes in the lung of hamsters infected with delta and omicron variants.ResultsBoth variants caused acute inflammation and lung pathology in intranasally infected hamsters. Principal component analysis uncovered the delta variant significantly altered lung metabolite levels between the pre- and post-infection states. …”
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Genome-Wide Scans for Selection Signatures in Haimen Goats Reveal Candidate Genes Associated with Growth Traits by Zhen Zhang, Jiafeng Lu, Yifei Wang, Zhipeng Liu, Dongxu Li, Kaiping Deng, Guomin Zhang, Bingru Zhao, Peihua You, Yixuan Fan, Feng Wang, Ziyu Wang

“…Here, we analyzed population genetic structure and genome-wide selection signatures between the Haimen and Boer goats based on whole-genome resequencing data. The principal component analysis (PCA) and neighbor-joining (N-J) tree results demonstrated significant genetic differentiation between the Haimen and Boer goats. …”
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A prognostic signature of Glutathione metabolism-associated long non-coding RNAs for lung adenocarcinoma with immune microenvironment insights by Junxi Hu, Junxi Hu, Shuyu Tian, Shuyu Tian, Qingwen Liu, Qingwen Liu, Jiaqi Hou, Jiaqi Hou, Jun wu, Jun wu, Xiaolin Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Yusheng Shu, Yusheng Shu

“…A prognostic model was built with Cox and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) methods and validated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Functional analysis revealed immune infiltration and drug sensitivity differences. …”
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Intestinal Parasites Coinfection Does Not Alter Plasma Cytokines Profile Elicited in Acute Malaria in Subjects from Endemic Area of Brazil by Juan Camilo Sánchez-Arcila, Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva, Mariana Pinheiro Alves Vasconcelos, Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva, Virginia Araujo Pereira, Cesarino Junior Lima Aprígio, Cleoni Alves Mendes Lima, Bruna de Paula Fonseca e Fonseca, Dalma Maria Banic, Josué da Costa Lima-Junior, Joseli Oliveira-Ferreira

“…The use of principal component analysis and cluster analysis associated increased levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and CRP and low levels of IL-17A predominantly with individuals with malaria alone and coinfected individuals. …”
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A new health literacy scale for staff in preschool childcare institution: development and preliminary validation by Xinqi Zhuang, Yitong Jia, Tianxin Cui, Ge Meng, Jianzhong Zhang, Linxia He, Yin-Ping Zhang

“…Results The final Health Literacy Scale consisted of 28 items, including dimensions of Basic Health Knowledge (11 items), Functional Health Literacy Skills (3 items), Communicative Health Literacy (5 items), and Critical Health Literacy (9 items). Principal component analysis revealed a four-factor structure that explained 80.092% of the total variance. …”
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Optimization of Controlled Water and Nitrogen Fertigation on Greenhouse Culture of Capsicum annuum by Youzhen Xiang, Haiyang Zou, Fucang Zhang, You Wu, Shicheng Yan, Xinyan Zhang, Jianke Tian, Shengcai Qiang, Haidong Wang, Hanmi Zhou

“…They increased the economic yield, WUE, and PFPN. A principal component analysis was performed to evaluate indicators of fruit quality, revealing that the treatment of W0.75N0.50 resulted in the best fruit quality. …”
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Investigating dynamic brain functional redundancy as a mechanism of cognitive reserve by Julia Schwarz, Franziska Zistler, Adriana Usheva, Anika Fix, Sebastian Zinn, Juliana Zimmermann, Franziska Knolle, Franziska Knolle, Gerhard Schneider, Rachel Nuttall

“…Cognitive scores were extracted from principal component analysis performed on 13 cognitive tests across multiple cognitive domains. …”
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Effect of pretreatment type on the physico-chemical properties of activated carbons derived from an invasive weed Prosopis juliflora: potential applications by Subramaniyasharma Sivaraman, Saravanan Ramiah Shanmugam, Ponnusami Venkatachalam, Ratheeshkumar Shanmugam, Arul Chan Basha, Noori M Cata Saady

“…Comprehensive characterization techniques, namely BET analysis, x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultimate Analysis, and pH _pzc , were utilized to assess the influence of activation conditions. Principal component analysis was employed to elucidate the relationships between different activation methods and the physico-chemical properties of the activated carbons. …”
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