Toll-like receptors in atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications by Ahmad Vafaeian, Fateme Rajabi, Nima Rezaei

“…Direct TLR stimulation using different compounds has shown therapeutic benefits in preclinical studies. However, significant challenges exist, including off-target effects due to ubiquitous TLR expression and complex roles in immune responses. …”
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DPP-4 Inhibitors as Treatments for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Qixian Wang, Min Long, Hua Qu, Rufei Shen, Rui Zhang, Jing Xu, Xin Xiong, Hui Wang, Hongting Zheng

“…We thoroughly searched the Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies concerning the use of DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with T1DM. Results. In preclinical trials, DPP-4 inhibitors improved the pathogenesis of T1DM. …”
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Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dementia: Physiopathological Mechanisms and Clinical Consequences by Gloria Ortiz-Guerrero, Diana Amador-Muñoz, Carlos Alberto Calderón-Ospina, Daniel López-Fuentes, Mauricio Orlando Nava Mesa

“…Although neurological side effects secondary to PPIs are rare, several preclinical reports indicate that PPIs might increase Aβ levels, interact with tau protein, and affect the neuronal microenvironment through several mechanisms. …”
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Oral Glutamine Supplement Inhibits Ascites Formation in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Mouse Model by Ming-Jen Chen, Tsang-En Wang, Shu-Jung Tsai, Ching-Chung Lin, Chia-Yuan Liu, Horng-Yuan Wang, Shou-Chuan Shih, Yu-Jen Chen

“…Mean serum albumin levels were higher in the glutamine-supplemented group. Conclusions. This preclinical study showed that oral supplementation of glutamine may provide ascites-reducing activity in pancreatic cancer patients with PC, via a cell-mediated immunity-independent mechanism.…”
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Role of exercise on ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs in preventing neurodegenerative diseases: a narrative review by Shangwu Liu, Runhong Zhang, Jamal Hallajzadeh

“…Research studies, both preclinical and clinical, that have documented the use of various exercises and their effects on ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs for the treatment of NDs have been compiled and enlisted from the PubMed database, spanning the time period from the year 2000 up to the current time. …”
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Pharmacological and structural insights into nanvuranlat, a selective LAT1 (SLC7A5) inhibitor, and its N-acetyl metabolite with implications for cancer therapy by Chunhuan Jin, Xinyu Zhou, Minhui Xu, Hiroki Okanishi, Ryuichi Ohgaki, Yoshikatsu Kanai

“…Nanvuranlat (JPH203/KYT-0353), a LAT1 inhibitor, has shown antitumor activity in preclinical studies and efficacy in biliary tract cancer during clinical trials. …”
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Osteoarthritis synovium as a nidus for monosodium urate crystal deposition inducing severe gout studied by label‐free stimulated Raman scattering combined with synovial organoids by Ziyi Chen, Wenjuan Wang, Yaxin Chen, Minbiao Ji, Yinghui Hua

“…Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether OA synovium acts as a nidus for MSU crystal deposition inducing severe gout flares, using label‐free, highly‐specific stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy combined with innovative preclinical models—synovial organoids. Crystal deposition, cellular phagocytosis, and subsequent inflammation intensity was imaged in ex vivo synovial organoids using SRS microscopy and other biochemical techniques. …”
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Dose Effect Evaluation and Therapeutic Window of the Neuro-EPO Nasal Application for the Treatment of the Focal Ischemia Model in the Mongolian Gerbil by Iliana Sosa Teste, Yuneidys Mengana Tamos, Yamila Rodríguez Cruz, Adriana Muñoz Cernada, Janette Cruz Rodríguez, Nelvis Subirós Martínez, Rosa Maria Coro Antich, Alina González-Quevedo, Julio Cesar García Rodríguez

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An mRNA-Based Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Elicits Strong Neutralizing Antibody Responses and Protects Rodents Without Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Respiratory Disease by Jianglong Li, Haiyan Long, Shaoyi Chen, Zhendong Zhang, Shuang Li, Qi Liu, Jun Liu, Jiaru Cai, Liping Luo, Yucai Peng

“…Conclusions: Based on the preclinical immunogenicity and efficacy data, LVRNA007 could be a potential promising vaccine for prophylaxis of RSV infection.…”
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Computational biology and artificial intelligence in mRNA vaccine design for cancer immunotherapy by Saber Imani, Xiaoyan Li, Keyi Chen, Mazaher Maghsoudloo, Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli, Mehrdad Hashemi, Mehrdad Hashemi, Saloomeh Khoushab, Saloomeh Khoushab, Xiaoping Li

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Kaempferol enhances ER-mitochondria coupling and protects motor neurons from mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in C9ORF72-ALS by Federica Pilotto, Paulien Hermine Smeele, Olivier Scheidegger, Rim Diab, Martina Schobesberger, Julieth Andrea Sierra-Delgado, Smita Saxena

“…Here, we investigated the mode of action and therapeutic effect of a naturally occurring dietary flavanol, kaempferol in preclinical rodent and human models of C9ORF72-ALS. …”
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Nanoparticle-based drug delivery system for Oral Cancer: Mechanism, challenges, and therapeutic potential by Nurhasni Hasan, Maryam Aftab, Muneeb Ullah, Phuong Tram Nguyen, Rina Agustina, Yulia Yusrini Djabir, Theofilus A. Tockary, Satoshi Uchida

“…Despite encouraging preclinical results, issues related to nanoparticle stability, safety, and regulatory considerations remain, necessitating additional research to connect experimental outcomes with clinical applications.…”
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Peptides as Versatile Regulators in Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Prospects by Yu Lei, Jiacheng Liu, Yaowei Bai, Chuansheng Zheng, Dongyuan Wang

“…To address these challenges, a growing number of immunotherapy drugs have been investigated in clinical and preclinical applications. The diverse functionality of peptides has made them attractive as a therapeutic modality, and the global market for peptide-based therapeutics is witnessing significant growth. …”
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Novel Strategies for the Improvement of Stem Cells’ Transplantation in Degenerative Retinal Diseases by Simona Delia Nicoară, Sergiu Șușman, Oana Tudoran, Otilia Bărbos, Gabriela Cherecheș, Simion Aștilean, Monica Potara, Olga Sorițău

“…The feasibility of SCs based therapies for degenerative retinal diseases was proved in the preclinical setting. However, their translation into the clinical realm is limited by various factors: the immunogenicity of the cells, the stability of the cell phenotype, the predilection of SCs to form tumors in situ, the abnormality of the microenvironment, and the association of a synaptic rewiring. …”
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Perceptions and attitudes of medical students toward opioid education: A qualitative study by Angelina Luciano, Mara Schenker, Dawn L. Comeau, Courtney R. Yarbrough, Nicholas A. Giordano

“…Discussions revealed that the curriculum on opioid medications and their prescription in medical school is limited and varied, with most opportunities for learning arising during preclinical years. The quantity and quality of the opioid-related education experienced by participants during medical school impacted their perceived knowledge about opioids and, consequently, their confidence in treating pain. …”
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Global scenario of silica-associated diseases: A review on emerging pathophysiology of silicosis and potential therapeutic regimes by Prasad Sherekar, Sanvidhan G. Suke, Archana Dhok, Srikant Malegaonkar, Shrikrishna A. Dhale

“…Nanoparticle-based therapeutic modality has been evaluated in in-vitro and ex-vivo silicosis models for prolongation of drug activity and improved therapeutic outcomes. The preclinical findings open the doors to clinical trials for operational and regenerative nanoformulations, which eventually create a positive change in medical practice. …”
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Increasing the concentration of plasma molecules improves the biological activity of platelet-rich plasma for tissue regeneration by Mikel Sánchez, Jon Mercader Ruiz, Daniel Marijuán Pinel, Pello Sánchez, Nicolás Fiz, Jorge Guadilla, Juan Azofra, Maider Beitia, Diego Delgado

“…In summary, although further preclinical and clinical studies are needed in order to determine the therapeutic potential of BPCP, this PRP with unique characteristics demonstrates encouraging in vitro results that could potentially enhance tissue regeneration capacity.…”
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Autologous Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Immunotherapy Enhances Chemotherapy Efficacy against Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis by Peijun Tang, Xingnian Chen, Junchi Xu, Yunlong Hu, Zhijian Ye, Xiafang Wang, Yumei Xiao, Xinghua Shen, Jianping Zhang, Yanjun Feng, Cuilin Shi, Xin Yu, Lixian Yi, Xinchun Chen, Binfeng Lu, Ping Xu, Zhongwen Sun, Meiying Wu

“…Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) immunotherapy is based on autologous infusion of in vitro expanded bulk T cells, which include both pathogen-specific and nonspecific T cells from patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) into TB patients. Preclinical mouse studies have shown that the adoptive T cell therapy inhibited Mtb infection. …”
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Altering the intracellular trafficking of Necator americanus GST-1 antigen yields novel hookworm mRNA vaccine candidates. by Athos Silva De Oliveira, Leroy Versteeg, Neima Briggs, Rakesh Adhikari, Maria Jose Villar, JeAnna R Redd, Peter Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jeroen Pollet

“…This study explores the development of mRNA vaccine candidates based on Na-GST-1, building on the success of recombinant Na-GST-1 (rNa-GST-1) protein, currently assessed as a subunit vaccine candidate, which has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies.<h4>Methodology/findings</h4>By leveraging the flexible design of RNA vaccines and protein intracellular trafficking signal sequences, we developed three variants of Na-GST-1 as native (cytosolic), secretory, and plasma membrane-anchored (PM) antigens. …”
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Temporally and Spatially Controlled Age-Related Prostate Cancer Model in Mice by Sen Liu, Keyi Shen, Zixuan Li, Seleste Rivero, Qiuyang Zhang

“…Another milestone is the establishment of the preclinical mouse model with Pten conditionally knocked out in the prostate tissue, which closely mimics the formation and growth of human PCa. …”
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