Why PD-L1 expression varies between studies of lung cancer: results from a Bayesian meta-analysis by Preston Ngo, Wendy A. Cooper, Stephen Wade, Kwun M. Fong, Karen Canfell, Deme Karikios, Marianne Weber

“…Although the underlying prevalence of PD-L1 expression varies in the lung cancer population based on tumour-related factors, controllable differences in testing parameters also account for variations in PD-L1 prevalence.…”
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Characterization of Modifiable Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer by Imandra María García Méndez, Alexander Benavides Couto, Yaima Arrechea Betancourt, Claudia Beatriz Surí García, Fernando de la Mora Martín

“…<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with a universe of 318 patients that constitute the entire population over 50 years of the family No. 4 medical office belonging to the José Luis Chaviano Chávez Polyclinic in Cienfuegos. …”
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Sample Size and Statistical Power Calculation in Genetic Association Studies by Eun Pyo Hong, Ji Wan Park

“…Although we have not covered all plausible cases in study design, the estimates of sample size and statistical power computed under various assumptions in this study may be useful to determine the sample size in designing a population-based genetic association study.…”
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Elicitation of Norwegian EQ-5D-5L values for hypothetical and experience-based health states based on the EuroQol Valuation Technology (EQ-VT) protocol by Knut Stavem, Tonya Moen Hansen, Ylva Helland, Liv Ariane Augestad, Kim Rand, Andrew Garratt

“…The project aims to model a national value set for the five level version of the EQ-5D based on values elicited from a representative sample of the Norwegian adult general population in terms of region, age, sex and level of education. …”
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The Muscadine Grape (Vitis rotundifolia Michx) by Peter C. Andersen, Ali Sarkhosh, Dustin Huff, Jacque Breman

“…Male vines account for the majority of the wild muscadine grape population. Muscadine grapes are late in breaking bud in the spring and require 100-120 days to mature fruit. …”
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Evaluating the Influence of Taxation Levels on the Degree of Economic Freedom of Countries by Kateryna Moskvychova, Olena Korohodova, Tetiana Moiseienko, Natalya Chernenko, Yaroslava Hlushchenko

“…This research contributes to encouraging economic growth, fostering entrepreneurship and innovation, ensuring social justice, and improving the overall quality of life for the population. The model proposed in this study can be used for determining the ideal level of taxes (tax burden), thus striking a balance between societal and economic needs as well as the effect of taxation on economic freedom in a country.…”
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Involvement of Academic Staff in the Practice of Professional Development by G. Z. Efimova

“…As a result, it was found that scientific and pedagogical workers are more likely to engage in professional development activities compared to other categories of the employed population. Continuing professional education programs appear to be the most common form of professional growth. …”
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Charge doping into spin minority states mediates doubling of T C in ferromagnetic CrGeTe3 by Liam Trzaska, Lei Qiao, Matthew D. Watson, Monica Ciomaga Hatnean, Igor Marković, Edgar Abarca Morales, Tommaso Antonelli, Cephise Cacho, Geetha Balakrishnan, Wei Ren, Silvia Picozzi, Phil D. C. King

“…Together with density functional theory calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that, surprisingly, the increased T C is mediated by the population of spin-minority Cr t 2g states, forming a half-metallic 2D electron gas. …”
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The grain market in Kazakhstan: An economic analysis of exports and domestic consumption by Assel Rakhimbekova, Aigul Mukhamejanova, Alikhan Babassov, Zhanat Abzhan, Nurgul Shaikenova

“…Annual personal consumption by the population did not exceed 1.1% of the total grain utilisation in the country. …”
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Assessing the Economic Burden and Health Care Utilizations of U.S. Veteran Patients with Schizophrenia by Lin Xie, M. Furaha Kariburyo, Juan Du, Yuexi Wang

“…**Objective:** To examine the economic burden and health care utilizations of schizophrenia in the U.S. veteran population. **Methods:** A retrospective database analysis was performed using the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Medical SAS® datasets from October 1, 2008 through September 30, 2012. …”
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A Study on Coronavirus Disease-2019 Stigma Associated with Coronavirus Disease-2019 Warriors and an Insight into Community Perception by Madhavi GAJULA, Suwarna MADHUKUMAR

“…Results: Of the participants, 46.1% were in the age group of 30-40 years, 47% were males, and 81% were doctors by profession and were engaged in a minimum of 6-12 h of duty for 2 weeks. Of the study population, 85.5% had anticipated stigma, whereas 72.2% had experienced stigma, 43.4% had internalized stigma, and 76.3% had disclosure concerns. …”
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Hepatitis C Worldwide and in Brazil: Silent Epidemic—Data on Disease including Incidence, Transmission, Prevention, and Treatment by Iara Fabricia Kretzer, Andrea do Livramento, Joel da Cunha, Sabrina Gonçalves, Iraci Tosin, Celso Spada, Aricio Treitinger

“…The country has a vast territory with uneven population density, and hepatitis C incidence rates are variable with the majority of cases concentrated in the most populated areas. …”
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Causal Effects of PM2.5, NOx, and NO2 on Cognitive Function: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study by Yilin Tang, Zhenyu Li, Yicheng Fu, Mingyi Zhao

“…We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using pooled statistics from publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to show the association between air pollutants and cognitive decline in the European population. The exposure factors in our analysis were air pollutants, including “particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5); 2010”, “nitrogen oxides air pollution; 2010” and “nitrogen dioxide air pollution; 2010”, while our outcome variables focused on cognitive function, including the “fluid intelligence score”, “mean time to correctly identify matches”, and “number of incorrect matches in the round”. …”
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Mapping dynamic regulation of gene expression using single-cell transcriptomics and application to complex disease genetics by Hanna Abe, Phillip Lin, Dan Zhou, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Eric R. Gamazon

“…However, the identification of gene-level associations in distinct cell types faces several challenges, including the limited reference resources from population-scale studies, data sparsity in single-cell RNA sequencing, and the complex cell state pattern of expression within individual cell types. …”
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Dying to be famous: retrospective cohort study of rock and pop star mortality and its association with adverse childhood experiences by Mark A Bellis, Karen Hughes, Olivia Sharples, Tom Hennell, Katherine A Hardcastle

“…An actuarial methodology compares postfame mortality to matched general populations. Cox survival and logistic regression techniques examine risk and protective factors for survival and links between adverse childhood experiences and cause of death, respectively.Setting North America and Europe.Participants 1489 rock and pop stars reaching fame between 1956 and 2006.Outcomes Stars’ postfame mortality relative to age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched populations (USA and UK); variations in survival with performer type, and in cause of mortality with exposure to adverse childhood experiences.Results Rock/pop star mortality increases relative to the general population with time since fame. …”
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Variations in the Urinary Iodine Concentration and Urinary Iodine/Creatinine Ratio among Preschool Children by Dong An, Rui Yang, Yuping Du, Xuan Wang, Ying Yang, Wenxing Guo, Junhong Yang, Dongmei Meng, Weiwei Gao, Jiayi Zhang, Wen Chen, Wanqi Zhang

“…The UIC of morning urine samples taken at 8:00–10:00 am was perhaps more stable and reliable in evaluating the iodine nutrition of preschool children at the population level. The UI/Cr ratio showed lower intraindividual variation and may be more suitable for assessing individual iodine nutrition.…”
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Phase-Amplitude Coupling of Neural Oscillations Can Be Effectively Probed with Concurrent TMS-EEG by Sarah Glim, Yuka O. Okazaki, Yumi Nakagawa, Yuji Mizuno, Takashi Hanakawa, Keiichi Kitajo

“…Recently, TMS has been proposed to synchronise neural oscillators and to thereby increase the detectability of corresponding oscillations at the population level. As oscillations in the human brain are known to interact within nested hierarchies via phase-amplitude coupling, TMS might also be able to increase the macroscopic detectability of such coupling. …”
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Predictive Value of Obstetrical Doppler Parameters to Predict Oxidative Stress and Cord Blood PH in Newborn Infants by Vakkas Korkmaz, Alptekin Tosun, Enis Özkaya, Dilek Menekşe Beşer, Tuncay Küçüközkan, Fadıl Kara

“…CONCLUSION: This data led us to conclude that UmA Doppler parameters at early periods of active labor in high-risk population may be predictive for newborn well-being. …”
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Unearthing the burden of melioidosis in North India – an emerging threat in a non-endemic region by Shweta Raina, Disha Gautam, Rohit Kumar, Kavita Sisodia, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Harpreet Kaur, Mohammed Ashiq, Rushika Saksena

“…The reported cases highlight the many risk factors for infection in this region that was not previously recognised as being endemic for melioidosis, including high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, and large rural population engaged in paddy cultivation. Climate change results in frequent flooding and waterlogging in urban areas, leading to exposure of soil harbouring B. pseudomallei, thus a contributing factor to the rise in cases in cities. …”
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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Educational Perfectionism Schema Based Strategies Training with Cognitive Behavior Training on Test Anxiety and Academic Burnout among Female Stu... by Nasrin Bahreini Moghim Jiroft, Mohsen Golparvar, Asghar Aghaei

“…Present survey has been done with the aim of comparing between educational perfectionism schema based strategies training and cognitive-behavioral training on test anxiety and academic burnout among high school female students with educational perfectionism. the research method was semi-experimental with pretest and posttest design and a control group. Statistical population of study includes female high school students in Giroft province during Fall of year 2021. …”
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