Characteristics and spatiotemporal changes in phenotypes and genotypes of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolated from bloodstream infections in China from 2014... by Sayyed Salman, Hao Xu, Yunbo Chen, Jinru Ji, Zhiying Liu, Yonghong Xiao

“…The genetic type was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by DNA sequencing. …”
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Emodin protects against severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signal and inhibiting ferroptosis in vivo and in vitro by Gang Shen, Haiyun Wen, Huijuan Li, Xuetao Zhang, Bowen Lan, Xuanchi Dong, Peng Ge, Yalan Luo, Hailong Chen

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to assess the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Fe2+, and associated oxidative stress indicators in the serum and cell supernatant. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence were used to find the expressions of related mRNAs and proteins in the lung tissue or A549 cells. …”
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Detection of Integrase Gene in E. coli Isolated from Pigs at Different Stages of Production System by Eulalia de la Torre, Rocío Colello, Nora Lía Padola, Analía Etcheverría, Edgardo Rodríguez, Fabián Amanto, María Ofelia Tapia, Alejandro Luis Soraci

“…E. coli containing any integron class or combination of both integrons was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 100% of sows and in piglets at different stages of production: farrowing pen stage 68.1%;, weaning 60%, and growing/finishing 85.8%, showing an increase along the production system. …”
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Distribution of sasX, mupA, and qacA/B genes and determination of genetic relatedness of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with bloodstream in... by Rui Zhao, Bingyu Du, Lingling Hu, Chenxi Li, Fen Xue, Xing Wang, Changhong Jiang, Jinghua Wang, Yanfeng Zhao

“…This study investigates the prevalence of the sasX, mupA, and qacA/B genes among MRSA isolates from bloodstream infections in southern China and analyzes their genetic relatedness.MethodsA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect the presence of the sasX gene, which is associated with nasal colonization, immune evasion, and virulence, the mupirocin resistance gene mupA, and the chlorhexidine tolerance gene qacA/B in a total of 77 MRSA isolates. …”
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Detection of low frequency artemisinin resistance mutations, C469Y, P553L and A675V, and fixed antifolate resistance mutations in asymptomatic primary school children in Kenya by Victor Osoti, Kevin Wamae, Leonard Ndwiga, Paul M. Gichuki, Collins Okoyo, Stella Kepha, Kibor Keitany, Regina Kandie, Stephen Aricha, Rosebella Kiplagat, Charles Mwandawiro, Philip Bejon, Robert W. Snow, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier

“…A total of 920 dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected from 121 selected primary schools within the country were used to extract genomic DNA. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to generate amplicons that were sequenced to determine the prevalence of known and novel polymorphisms. …”
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Genotyping of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from wastewater of dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia by Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji Dameanti, Sheila Marty Yanestria, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Hani Plumeriastuti, Wiwiek Tyasningsih, Emmanuel Nnabuike Ugbo, Rahayu Sutrisno, Muhammad Ali Akramsyah Safri

“…Molecular genotyping of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction. Results: Of the samples, 69.30% (237/342) tested positive for E. coli, with 32.91% (78/237) identified as ESBL producers through DDST. …”
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High-fat diet promotes gestational diabetes mellitus through modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism by Lei Yao, Xuefei Zhou, Xianqi Jiang, Hao Chen, Yuanliang Li, Xiao Xiong, Yan Tang, Haogang Zhang, Pengfei Qiao

“…Expression levels of Fxr, Shp and Fgf15 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively.ResultsOur data indicated that high fat diet (HFD) was linked with higher prevalence of GDM, and HFD was positively associated with poor prognosis in GDM patients. …”
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Circulating tumor DNA for surveillance in high-risk melanoma patients: a study protocol by Magnús P.B. Obinah, Sarah A. Al-Halafi, Karin Dreisig, Tim S. Poulsen, Christoffer Johansen, Thomas Litman, Stig E. Bojesen, Estrid Høgdall, Annette H. Chakera, Lisbet R. Hölmich

“…Detection of mutation-specific ctDNA is performed on blood using digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) or NGS. This allows determination of the value and sensitivity of ctDNA for early detection of recurrence. …”
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Inflammatory Markers and Severity in COVID-19 Patients with Clostridioides Difficile Co-Infection: A Retrospective Analysis Including Subgroups with Diabetes, Cancer, and Elderly by Teodor Cerbulescu, Flavia Ignuta, Uma Shailendri Rayudu, Maliha Afra, Ovidiu Rosca, Adrian Vlad, Stana Loredana

“…Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of 240 hospitalized adults with Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 between February 2021 and March 2023. …”
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SSL5-AnxA5 Fusion Protein Constructed Based on Human Atherosclerotic Plaque scRNA-Seq Data Preventing the Binding of Apoptotic Endothelial Cells, Platelets, and Inflammatory Cells by Yifei Zhao, Xingyu He, Teng Hu, Tianli Xia, Fangyang Huang, Changming Li, Yiming Li, Fei Chen, Mao Chen, Jun Ma, Yong Peng

“…Then, we constructed and verified a fusion protein comprising SSL5 and AnxA5 domains via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot. The binding capacity of the fusion protein to P-selectin and apoptotic cells was evaluated by flow cytometry and AnxA5-FITC apoptosis detection kit, respectively. …”
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NCAPD3-mediated ferroptosis of 2,3,5,4’-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside inhibits proliferation in T47D cells by Jianfen Shen, Shuo Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Yan Song, Yan Song, Leiming Yang, Leiming Yang, Qi Huang, Qi Huang, Pengyu Wang, Pengyu Wang, Youzhi Zhang, Youzhi Zhang

“…And the hub genes (transcripts) were selected using the bioinformatics analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting (WB). …”
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Molecular characterization of ST15 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in a single patient by Yongjin Hu, Rong Tang, Shanshan Jin, Jiahao Guan, Xiaoxiao Meng, Zengpeijie Dan, Ruilan Wang, Hong-Yu Ou, Jian Lu

“…The transconjugants were verified by polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific genes, antimicrobial susceptibility test and PFGE. …”
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Impact of donor CYP3A5 genotype on pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in South African paediatric liver transplant patients by C Wheeler, C Masimirembwa, B Mthembu, J Botha, J Scholefield, J Fabian

“…Blood samples from 46 living liver donors were collected, their genomic DNA was extracted, and their CYP3A5 genotype was established (polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, validated by Sanger sequencing). …”
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Integrating pharmacogenomics and cheminformatics with diverse disease phenotypes for cell type-guided drug discovery by Arda Halu, Sarvesh Chelvanambi, Julius L. Decano, Joan T. Matamalas, Mary Whelan, Takaharu Asano, Namitra Kalicharran, Sasha A. Singh, Joseph Loscalzo, Masanori Aikawa

“…We validate the drugs predicted in our proofs-of-concept using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) experiments. Results Cell type-specific gene-drug perturbation networks built using QUIZ-C are topologically distinct, reflecting the biological uniqueness of the cell lines in CMap, and are enriched in known drug targets. …”
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In Vitro Screening and Transfection Concentration Optimization of Cynomolgus Monkey IκBα-siRNA by Zhaoxing Ou, Rui Zeng, Yifan Lin, Si Zhang, Mohammad Alzogool, Peng Zeng, Yuqing Lan

“…The mRNA and protein levels of IκBα were examined by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and western blot to screen a pair of candidate valid sequences with the highest inhibitory rate. …”
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Tannin alleviated reproductive dysfunction in pregnant ewes infected with Haemonchus contortus by Xin Li, Xin Li, Hai Xiang, Hai Xiang, Rong Liang, Rong Liang, Xinyu Han, Xinyu Han, Rongzhen Zhong, Rongzhen Zhong, Hongyu Liu, Hongyu Liu, Yi Fang, Yi Fang

“…The mRNA levels of hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis-related hormone receptors and placental tissue inflammation genes were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Finally, fetal weights were measured, and fetal ovarian tissue samples were taken for transcriptomic analysis.ResultsThe results showed that tannins increased the levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2), progesterone (P4), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), red blood cell (RBC) counts, packed cell volume (PCV), and mRNA levels of gonadotropic axis receptors in pregnant ewes infected with H. contortus (p < 0.05). …”
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The Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Engraftment in Rat Fibrotic Liver upon Transplantation by Ke Yuan, Chunyou Lai, Lingling Wei, Tianhang Feng, Qinyan Yang, Tianying Zhang, Tao Lan, Yutong Yao, Guangming Xiang, Xiaolun Huang

“…Paraffin section staining, immunofluorescent staining, RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), and Western blot were used to evaluate hepatic pathological changes and physiology function. …”
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4-Octyl itaconate inhibits synovitis in the mouse model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis and alleviates pain by Yu-Zhen Tang, Wan Chen, Bao-Yun Xu, Gang He, Xiu-Cheng Fan, Kang-Lai Tang

“…After 12 weeks of surgery, the efficacy of 4-OI treatment on PTOA in mice was evaluated using MRI, micro-CT, histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, we utilized network pharmacology analysis to predict the mechanism of 4-OI in treating PTOA synovitis and conducted preliminary validation. …”
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Cooling and Sterile Inflammation in an Oxygen-Glucose-Deprivation/Reperfusion Injury Model in BV-2 Microglia by Jana Lücht, Nele Rolfs, Sylvia J. Wowro, Felix Berger, Katharina R. L. Schmitt, Giang Tong

“…Furthermore, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), CIRBP, and RBM3 gene expressions were assessed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β releases into the cultured supernatants were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). …”
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Study of the relationships of polymorphisms of the folate cycle genes with the levels of homocysteine and folic acid as risk factors of cardiovascular disorders in the post-covid p... by A.A. Shuprovych, O.V. Zinych, N.M. Kushnareva, K.P. Komisarenko

“…Polymorphisms of the genes: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (677C>T and 1298A>C), methionine synthase-reductase (66A>G) and methionine synthase (2756A>G) were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction. For each of the named polymorphisms, the examined patients were divided into 3 groups according to the nucleotide alleles in the corresponding position: 1) homozygous dominant, 2) heterozygous and 3) homozygous recessive. …”
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