Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Pregnant Women in Guangzhou, South China by Zhaomin Cheng, Pinghua Qu, Peifeng Ke, Xiaohan Yang, Qiang Zhou, Kai Lan, Min He, Nannan Cao, Sheng Qin, Xianzhang Huang

“…Detection of resistance genes, serotyping, and determination of virulence genes were performed by polymerase chain reaction. The clonal relationships among the colonized strains were evaluated by multilocus sequence typing. …”
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An electrolyte-gated transistor for the monitoring of a CRISPR/Cas activity by Pierre Guermonprez, Le Tu Anh, Louis Renaud, Pierre Nioche, Eric Krejci, Aurélie Alleaume-Butaux, Nicolas Battaglini, Vu Thi Thu, Sébastien Sanaur, Benoît Piro

“…Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard, but clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats linked to a Cas endoribonuclease particle (CRISPR/Cas) have recently revolutionized the recognition step of two RNAs, i.e. the CRISPR-RNA (crRNA) and the target, providing a much better selectivity compared to the naked hybridization on which RT-PCR is based. …”
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Development, optimization and application of a universal fluorescence multiplex PCR-based assay to detect BCOR genetic alterations in pediatric tumors by Meng Zhang, Xingfeng Yao, Nan Zhang, Yongbo Yu, Chao Jia, Xiaoxing Guan, Wenjian Xu, Xin Ni, Yongli Guo, Lejian He

“…However, gene fusions are usually detected through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or fluorescence in situ hybridization. …”
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Mitochondrial Gene Expression of Three Different Dragonflies Under the Stress of Chlorpyrifos by Yuxin Chen, Ziwen Yang, Zhiqiang Guo, Lemei Zhan, Kenneth B. Storey, Danna Yu, Jiayong Zhang

“…The present study quantified the transcript levels of mitochondria protein-coding genes (mtPCGs) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (<i>RT-qPCR</i>) in samples of larvae of three dragonfly species (<i>A. parthenope</i>, <i>E. elegans</i>, and <i>G. confluens</i>) under different levels of CPF stress. …”
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Oxygen Requirement and Associated Risk Factors in Post-COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study by Bishnu Deep Pathak, Binit Upadhaya Regmi, Sushil Joshi, Bishal Dhakal, Suhail Sapkota, Kanchan Bishwakarma, Ashim Bhandari, Seejan Pathak, Shriya Sharma, Aakriti Adhikari, Nabin Simkhada, Dhan Shrestha

“…An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on the admitted post-COVID-19 patients who had recently tested real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negative in a tertiary care center from August 2021 to mid of October 2021. …”
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The necroptosis-related lncRNA ENSG00000253385.1 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting the miR-16-2-3p/VDAC1 axis by Xiaoyang Duan, Jian Shi, Ran Hou, Yajie Huang, Chunyan Wang, Huazhen Du

“…FISH and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) were used to detect gene expression in ESCC tissues and cells. …”
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5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene polymorphism as a risk factor for premature coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Nisreen O. Mohammed, Ibtisam A. Ali, Bahaelddin K. Elamin, Bakri Osman Saeed

“…We enrolled 226 Sudanese patients with T2DM, age range 25-60 years, recruited from Alshaab and Omdurman teaching hospitals in Khartoum State. 113 patients had CAD confirmed by angiography and electrocardiography (ECG) and 113 had no evidence of CAD. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), using Hinf1 restriction enzyme, were used to determine MTHFR genotypes. …”
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Consequences of insecticide overuse in Hungary: assessment of pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes by Rebeka Csiba, Zsaklin Varga, Dorina Pásztor, Bianka Süle, Vera Ihuoma Ogoke Mxinwa, Zoltán Soltész, Brigitta Zana, Krisztián Bányai, Gábor Kemenesi, Kornélia Kurucz

“…The mutations in mosquitoes were detected individually by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis, following generally used protocols. …”
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Molecular-genetic approaches to species identification of platyhelminthes of the genus <i>Ligophorus</i> (Monogenea) parasitising flathead mullet by E. A. Vodiasova, E. S. Chelebieva, O. V. Shikhat, D. M. Atopkin, E. V. Dmitrieva

“…For quick and correct species identification of these parasites, we have developed a genotyping approach based on the polymerase chain reaction of allele-specific gene sites for various Monogenea species. …”
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Detection and characterization of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli carrying virulence gene isolated from broilers in Bangladesh by Md. Sirazul Islam, Chandan Nath, F. M. Yasir Hasib, Tahia Ahmed Logno, Md. Helal Uddin, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Sharmin Chowdhury

“…Objectives This study investigates the prevalence of Escherichia coli in broilers, their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and the presence of virulence‐associated genes (VAGs) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and methods A total of 216 pooled cloacal samples were collected from 1080 broilers across six districts of Bangladesh. …”
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Nerve Growth Factor Regulation by TNF-α and IL-1β in Synovial Macrophages and Fibroblasts in Osteoarthritic Mice by Shotaro Takano, Kentaro Uchida, Masayuki Miyagi, Gen Inoue, Hisako Fujimaki, Jun Aikawa, Dai Iwase, Atsushi Minatani, Kazuya Iwabuchi, Masashi Takaso

“…Specifically, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to evaluate the expression of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and NGF in CD11b+ and CD11b– cells isolated from the ST of a murine OA model. …”
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METTL3-Mediated m6A Modification Regulates the Osteogenic Differentiation through LncRNA CUTALP in Periodontal Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Periodontitis Patients by Xin Chen, Yuan Qin, Xian Wang, Hao Lei, Xiaochen Zhang, Houzhuo Luo, Changgang Guo, Weifu Sun, Shishu Fang, Wen Qin, Zuolin Jin

“…We carried out a series of experiments, including methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. The expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runx2, Col1, Runx2 protein level, ALP staining, and Alizarin red staining were used to demonstrate the degree of osteogenic differentiation. …”
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Early health technology assessment of tongue swab for non-sputum based pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in ThailandResearch in context by Langming Mou, Teerawat Wiwatpanit, Apiwat Piriyapol, Puwadol Chawengkul, Janjira Thaipadungpanit, Puttarin Kulchaitanaroaj, Yot Teerawattananon, Yi Wang

“…An early health economic model evaluated the cost-effectiveness of two innovative strategies: tongue swab with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) and tongue swab with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). The TPP outlines three target levels to guide innovators in designing effective clinical studies. …”
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Interleukin-12 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis Promoted by Tumor-Associated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Babak Jahangiri, Zahra-Soheila Soheili, Elahe Asadollahi, Mehdi Shamsara, Vahid Shariati, Alireza Zomorodipour

“…Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression was quantifiedby real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cell proliferation was measured using trypan blue exclusiontechnique, while cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. …”
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Efficient Differentiation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Alveolar Epithelium Type II with a BRD4 Inhibitor by Toru Momozane, Eriko Fukui, Soichiro Funaki, Makoto Fujii, Yuhei Kinehara, Emiko Ito, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yuko Ohno, Yoshiki Sawa, Meinoshin Okumura, Yasushi Shintani

“…First, the murine iPSC line 20D-17 was induced to differentiate into ATII over a period of 26 days (days 0-26) using previously reported embryoid body seeding and stepwise differentiation methods. mRNA expressions of differentiation markers including surfactant protein C (Sftpc) were confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, and 17% of the cells were shown positive for prosurfactant protein C (proSPC) in flow cytometry analysis. …”
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TET1 is a Tumor Suppressor That Inhibits Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Shuang Yu, Yali Yin, Shubin Hong, Siting Cao, Yanrui Huang, Shuwei Chen, Yujie Liu, Hongyu Guan, Quan Zhang, Yanbing Li, Haipeng Xiao

“…The expression of the TET family in 49 PTC tissues and corresponding tumor-adjacent tissues, as well as PTC cell lines (BCPAP, K1, and TPC-1) and the normal thyroid epithelial cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1), were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The 5hmC level was detected in PTC tissues and cell lines using immunohistochemistry and dot blot assay, respectively. …”
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Yunvjian decoction attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and pyroptosis by Fanxuan Zhang, Fang Wang, Lisha Zhao, Leqian Wang, Wenjing Li, Feihua Huang, Feihua Huang, Nani Wang, Nani Wang

“…The mechanism of action of YNJ on these model systems was studied using RNA sequencing, immunohistochemical analysis, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and polymerase chain reaction assays. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was applied to identify the absorbed components of YNJ.ResultsYNJ attenuated pulmonary damage in LPS-treated mice, as evidenced by reduced protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, decreased lung wet/dry weight ratio, and improved respiratory function. …”
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GFAPβ and GFAPδ Isoforms Expression in Mesenchymal Stem Cells, MSCs Differentiated Towards Schwann-like, and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells by Nidia Jannette Carrillo González, Gabriela Stefania Reyes Gutierrez, Tania Campos-Ordoñez, Rubén D. Castro-Torres, Carlos Beas Zárate, Graciela Gudiño-Cabrera

“…We evaluated GFAP isoforms (α, β, and δ) expression by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay in three conditions: (1) OECs, (2) cells exposed to OECs-conditioned medium and differentiated to Schwann-like cells (dBM-MSCs), and (3) MSC cell culture from rat bone marrow undifferentiated (uBM-MSCs). …”
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Prevalence of AZFс Y chromosome microdeletions and association with spermatogenesis in Russian men from the general population by L. V. Osadchuk, G. V. Vasiliev, M. K. Ivanov, M. A. Prasolova, M. A. Kleshchev, A. V. Osadchuk

“…To identify AZF microdeletions, the presence/ absence of 15 STS markers was analyzed using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. Age, weight, height, and the volume, concentration, total count, proportion of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa in the ejaculate were recorded for all participants. …”
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IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Protects the Osteogenesis Capability of Gingival-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells under Inflammatory Microenvironment Induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipo... by Yuxin Zhao, Bobo Cai, Weijun Zhu, Jue Shi, Yu Wang, Misi Si

“…The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activated by LPS was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. In response to P. gingivalis-LPS treatment, cell numbers, cloning formation rate, cell migration rate, proinflammatory cytokine production, and osteogenic differentiation-associated protein/mRNA expressions as well as mineralized nodules were suppressed in a time-dependent manner. …”
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