Association of AFF3 Gene Polymorphism rs10865035 with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study on a Pakistani Cohort by Yasir Ali, Suleman Khan, Yangchao Chen, Nadia Farooqi, Zia-Ul Islam, Mehran Akhtar, Aamir, Aisha Aman, Aftab Ali Shah, Muhsin Jamal, Fazal Jalil

“…A total of 703 individuals, including 409 RA patients and 294 healthy controls, were genotyped using TaqMan assay and Tri primer ARMS-PCR (amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction) methods. The association of rs10865035 with the RA was statistically determined using different models. …”
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Diagnostic accuracy of human papillomavirus testing on self-collected samples among women referred for colposcopy by ChunX Yan, Jiong Ma, Xia Zheng, Jing Shu, XiaoJ Wang, XiaoY Chen, Feng Gao, XiaoQ Li, ShanQ M, LongM Huang, XiaoT Yu, XueJ Chen

“…Abstract To assess the diagnostic accuracy of self-collected urine and vaginal samples for the identification of precancerous cervical lesions in the referral population using high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) assays based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was a prospective study carried out in China from June 2021 to March 2022. …”
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Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Cysticercus tenuicollis Isolated from Some Intermediate Host in Kurdistan-Iraq by Abdullah Ahmed Hama, Rostam Hama Zorab, Fatima Mohammed Ali, Awaz M. Salih, Amer Abdullah Hassan

“…The selected cysts were preserved in 70% Ethanol for DNA extraction and molecular study,  The mt-CO1 gene was amplified with a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the PCR product purified and DNA sequencing for reverse and forward strands was determined by a genetic analyzer, the obtained sequences aligned with the DNA sequences of T. hydatigena in Iran, Turkey and Palestine, which deposited in GenBank under the following accession number (JQ710588), (JN827307) and ( KM032284) respectively. …”
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Effect of afzelin on inflammation and lipogenesis in particulate matter-stimulated C. acnes-treated SZ95 sebocytes by Ji Yeon Hong, Yong Hee Choi, Yoon Jin Roh, Mi-Kyung Lee, Christos C. Zouboulis, Kui Young Park

“…The gene expression profile was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and protein expression was confirmed via western blotting and immunofluorescence. …”
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Changes in Gastric Smooth Muscle Cell Contraction during Pregnancy: Effect of Estrogen by Othman A. Al-Shboul, Hanan J. Al-Rshoud, Ahmed N. Al-Dwairi, Mohammad A. Alqudah, Mahmoud A. Alfaqih, Ayman G. Mustafa, Mohammad Jaafar

“…Protein and mRNA expression levels of ERs were measured via specifically designed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. NO and cGMP levels were measured via specifically designed ELISA kits. …”
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Pharmacogenetics: Influence of CYP2C9*2 and *3 alleles polymorphisms on Iraqi type 2 diabetic patients by Ghada S. Rasool, Asmaa A. Hussien, Suhad R. Al-Tayie, Salwa J. Al-Awadi, Hussein OM Al-Dahmoshi

“…Allele specific amplification-polymerase chain reaction was used to genotype the CYP2C9 gene. …”
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TERT de novo mutation-associated dyskeratosis congenita and porto-sinusoidal vascular disease: a case report by Ge Yu, Guijie Xin, Xu Liu, Wanyu Li, Chen Shao, Runping Gao

“…Whole exome sequencing identified a heterozygous TERT c.2286 + 1G > A de novo mutation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed very short telomeres (less than the first percentile for his age). …”
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Identification of Survival Risk and Immune-Related Characteristics of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma by Xiaobin Wu, Yonghui Liang, Xian Chen, Xiangyang Long, Wujun Xu, Li Liu, Binhui Wang, Xiong Zou

“…Last but not the least, the expressions of some genes used to construct IGRPM in early KIRC, and adjacent normal tissues were verified through real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Perl (strawberry-perl-5.30.0.1-64bit), R software (4.0.3), and GraphPad Prism 7 were used to process the relevant data. …”
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Possibility of Using NO Modulators for Pharmacocorrection of Endothelial Dysfunction After Prenatal Hypoxia by Igor Belenichev, Olena Popazova, Oleh Yadlovskyi, Nina Bukhtiyarova, Victor Ryzhenko, Sergii Pavlov, Valentyn Oksenych, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi

“…The expression of VEGF and VEGF-B mRNA was analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the nuclear area of myocardial microvessel endothelial cells was evaluated morphometrically. …”
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Molecular Detection and Genetic Characterization of Avian Leukosis Virus From Field Outbreaks in Bangladesh by Md. Golzar Hossain, Riman Pathan, SM Nazmul Hasan, Anandha Mozumder, Moslema Jahan Mou, Marjana Akter, Chandan Sikder, Riyan Al Islam Reshad, Roni Mia, Sukumar Saha, Tofazzal Islam, Sharmin Akter

“…The diagnosis of ALV infection in chickens was confirmed through necropsy, histopathological examinations, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and sequence analysis. …”
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Phenotypic and genotypic drug susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Central and Southern Ethiopia. by Melaku Tilahun, Teklu Wegayehu, Biniam Wondale, Tewdros Tariku Gebresilase, Tesfaye Gebreyohannes, Abraham Tekola, Mekdes Alemu, Sebsib Neway, Bethlehem Adnew, Maeruf Fetu Nassir, Yonas Kassahun, Abraham Aseffa, Kidist Bobosha

“…M. tuberculosis isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based region of difference 9 (RD9) deletion typing. …”
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Enucleated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells regulate immune microenvironment and promote testosterone production through efferocytosis by Lu Sun, Jiayu Huang, Xuezi Wang, Peng Huang, Baolin Dong, Zehang Liang, Jiahong Wu, Jiancheng Wang

“…To determine the mechanism of efferocytosis, we analysed the number of macrophages by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results The injection of enucleated BMSCs (Cargocytes) into the testes of EDS-treated rats restored the levels of serum testosterone, increased the number of Leydig cells (LCs), and improved spermatogenesis. …”
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Decreased expression of miR-200a and miR-223-3p in endometriosis during the secretory phase of menstrual cycle: Insights from a case-control study on molecular biomarkers and disea... by Yasaman Nazari Hagh, Mohamadreza Ahmadifard, Sedigheh Esmaelzadeh, Soheila Abbaszadeh, Naser Shokrzadeh

“…Histopathological examination (hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid schiff) was performed to confirm the secretory stage, and miR-200a and miR-223-3p expressions were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Histological analysis confirmed that both groups were in the secretory stage. …”
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Topical transdermal administration of lenalidomide nanosuspensions-based hydrogels against melanoma: In vitro and in vivo studies by Mengdi Zhang, Haiying Qiu, Zheyi Han, Yazhong Ma, Jingjing Hou, Jingwei Yuan, Haiyan Jia, Menglu Zhou, Hongjie Lu, Yan Wu

“…The effects of lenalidomide on melanoma were further verified through Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction，using both in vitro cell experiments and in vivo melanoma mouse models. …”
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Cell-free DNA release following psychosocial and physical stress in women and men by A. S. Limberg, F. Berg, E. Köper, C. Lindgraf, C. Gevers, R. Kumsta, E. M. Hummel, D. A. Moser

“…To overcome this, a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol targeting L1PA2 elements, which are prevalent in the human genome, was utilized. …”
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Comparison of miRNA expressions among benign, premalignant and malignant lesions of the larynx: could they be transformation biomarkers? by Fatma Ruya Tuncturk, Ibrahim Akalin, Lokman Uzun, Tulay Zenginkinet

“…Materials and methods We investigated mature miRNA expressions in paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of human laryngeal tissues grouped as benign, premalignant or malignant (n = 10 in each). miRNA profiling was carried out by quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and data were analyzed according to fold regulation. …”
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Metagenomics: a new frontier for routine pathology testing of gastrointestinal pathogens by Nicola Z. Angel, Mitchell J. Sullivan, Areej Alsheikh-Hussain, Liang Fang, Samantha MacDonald, Alena Pribyl, Blake Wills, Gene W. Tyson, Philip Hugenholtz, Donovan H. Parks, Paul Griffin, David L. A. Wood

“…This study aims to determine the ability to routinely apply mNGS testing, in comparison to traditional culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based tests, for the identification of causal pathogens for gastrointestinal infections. …”
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Occurrence of Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and the Relationship with Changes in Season and Physical Water Quality Dynamics by Wasonga Michael Opere, Maingi John, Omwoyo Ombori

“…Physical quality parameters were measured on-site while viral analysis was carried out by molecular methods using the nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). From 216 samples that were analysed for viral contamination, enteric viral genomes were discovered in 18 (8.3%) of the samples. …”
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Molecular biological research and molecular homologous modeling of Bw.03 subgroup by WANG Li, KONG Yongkui, JIN Huifang, LIU Xin, XIE Ying, LIU Xue, CHANG Yanli, WANG Yafang, YANG Shumiao, ZHU Di, YANG Qiankun

“…[Methods] The ABO phenotype was identified by the tube method and microcolumn gel method; the ABO gene of the proband was detected by sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP), and the exon 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were sequenced and analyzed. …”
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Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and comparators against gram-negative bacilli: Results from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART – Brazil), 2018‒2021... by Amanda Azevedo Bittencourt, Vinicius Lima Faustino, Paula de Mendonça Batista, Lays Paulino Leonel, Marina Della Negra de Paula, Thales José Polis

“…Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of ß-lactamase encoding genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were carried out from GNB isolated mostly from intra-abdominal, respiratory, and urinary tract infections and interpreted following BrCAST/EUCAST guidelines. …”
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