Genome wide identification of MATE and ALMT gene family in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and expression profiling under Al stress condition by Ankita Tripathi, Dharmendra Singh, Jyotika Bhati, Deepti Singh, Jyoti Taunk, Jawaher Alkahtani, Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi, Madan Pal Singh

“…Expression analyses of LcMATE and LcALMT genes were performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Six genes namely, LcM1, LcM42, LcM46, LcM47, LcALMT8 and LcALMT14 responded to Al stress with varying levels of expression patterns at different time points (3, 6, 12 and 24 h). …”
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Characterizations of cytokines and viral genomes in serum of patients with Dabie bandavirus infection by Zefeng Dong, Man Yuan, Yueping Xing, Hongkai Zhang, Qiang Shen

“…The specific nucleic acid of Dabie bandavirus was detected using a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-qPCR). The cytokine concentrations in serum were detected by micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). …”
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Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil on Bacterial Growth and Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis by Mohammad Hassanzadeh, Sara Mirzaie, Faezeh Rahimi Pirmahalle, Ramak Yahyaraeyat, Jamshid Razmyar

“…Methods The bacterial growth rate and the expression of four virulence genes in S. enteritidis during 18–72 h of exposure to the essential oil at 25%–75% MIC were evaluated via colony counting and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Results Sub‐inhibitory concentrations of thyme essential oil significantly reduced the growth rate compared to the control. …”
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Study on the Imprinting Status of Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (IGF-II) Gene in Villus during 6–10 Gestational Weeks by Jianhong Chen, Qun Fang, Baojiang Chen, Yi Zhou, Yanmin Luo

“…Apa I polymorphism of IGF-II gene in chorionic villus was assayed with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). …”
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Molecular and serological investigation of hepatitis B virus in patients with acute undifferentiated febrile illness at Tha Song Yang hospital, Tak Province, Thailand by Narin Thippornchai, Anon Sae-Oueng, Akanitt Jittmittraphap, Wang Nguitragool, Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong

“…DNA was extracted and identified for HBV using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive samples were further characterized for the HBV genotype using semi-nested PCR targeting the pre-S gene. …”
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Nucleus Pulposus Cell Conditioned Medium Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Nucleus Pulposus-Like Cells under Hypoxic Conditions by Arjun Sinkemani, Feng Wang, Zhiyang Xie, Lu Chen, Cong Zhang, Xiaotao Wu

“…Expression was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. qPCR and western blotting demonstrated significant upregulation of NP marker expression in MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions and treated with the 50% or 100% NPC conditioned medium, compared with those cultured under normoxic conditions. …”
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Intra-Articular Injection of Human Synovial Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis: Assessment of Immunomodulatory Capacity In Vivo by Minglu Yan, Xin Liu, Qiujie Dang, He Huang, Fan Yang, Yang Li

“…Cytokine profile analyses were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and multiplex analyses. Splenic helper T (Th) cell and regulatory B cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. …”
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COVID-19 Infection Clinical Profile, Management, Outcome, and Antibody Response in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single Centre Experience by Sanjiv Jasuja, Gaurav Sagar, Anupam Bahl, Shalini Verma

“…The 67 KTRs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection reported between 1 May 2020 and 31 December 2020; 61.2% of patients were hospitalized; and 20.9% needed ventilation. …”
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Validation of a one-step reverse transcription PCR detection method for Tobamovirus maculatessellati, in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by Chellappan Padmanabhan, Andrea Gilliard, Kai-Shu Ling, Yazmín Rivera

“…In this study, we report the validation of a previously described reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay that amplifies a 289 bp fragment of the coat protein coding region of ToMMV genome. …”
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The Impact of Oleuropein on Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity in Cochlear Cells in Relation to the Expression of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Damage-Associated Genes by Yüksel Olgun, Zekiye Altun, Merve Tütüncü, Selen Kum Özşengezer, Safiye Aktaş, Enis Alpin Güneri

“…The change in the expression of 84 genes associated with CCDP, OLE, and OLE–CDDP treatments that induced DNA damage was tested using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction array. Changes ≥3-fold were considered significant. …”
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African swine fever in the Primorsky Krai: disease situation and molecular and biological properties of the isolate recovered from a wild boar long bone by А. R. Shotin, A. S. Igolkin, Ali Mazloum, I. V. Shevchenko, N. S. Bardina, E. O. Morozova, А. А. Shevtsov

“…The ASFV genome was detected in blood samples collected from infected pigs on 5–8 days post infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Specific antibodies in blood samples were not detected. …”
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Polymorphism of MTHFR C677T Gene and the Associations with the Severity of Essential Hypertension in Northern Chinese Population by Junli Song, Jie Hou, Qiang Zhao, Xuezhi Liu, Qian Guo, Donghong Yin, Yan Song, Xiaoxia Li, Shuyun Wang, Xinchun Wang, Jinju Duan

“…A total of 985 subjects were enrolled to analyze the polymorphisms of the MTHFR C677T gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 306 people with essential hypertension were selected from 985 subjects to estimate the severity of hypertension by the ordinal multivariate logistical regression model. …”
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Association of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Insertion/287 bp Deletion Polymorphisms and Proliferative Prostatic Diseases among Lebanese Men by Asmahan A. El Ezzi, Jordan M. Clawson, Mohammed A. El-Saidi, Wissam R. Zaidan, Abigail Kovash, Jeremy Orellana, AnnaKarina Thornock, Ruhul H. Kuddus

“…Blood DNA extracted from 69 control subjects, 69 subjects with clinically confirmed PCa, and 69 subjects with clinical BPH, all the subjects were aged 50 years or older, was subjected to the polymerase chain reaction. The PCR products were resolved in polyacrylamide gels to determine II, ID, and DD genotypes. …”
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Efficacy of a “Rescue” Ciprofloxacin-Based Regimen for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection after Treatment Failures by Maria Pina Dore, Vincenza Tadeu, Bianca Are, Ida Mura, Giuseppe Fanciulli, Giovannino Massarelli, Andrea Piana

“…H. pylori status: established by histology, rapide urease test and polymerase chain reaction. Intervention: esomeprazole 20 mg, ciprofloxacin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg, administered together before breakfast and dinner for 10 days. …”
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The Presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Case-Control Study among S... by Mohammed Shams Aldeen, Musa Logman Masaad, Ayman Azhary, Abdulomez Suliman, Mohammed Ahmed Alziber, Motasim MohammedAhmed, Farag Alla Mohamed Aman, Salahaldeen Ismail, Nadir Abuzeid, Abdualmoniem O. Musa, Samuel Tekle Mengistu, Mohammed Elfatih Hamida

“…To investigate this, we conducted a case-control study which included patients with a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test of COVID-19 and a control group with negative COVID-19 PCR and antibody (IgG-IgM and IgA nucleoprotein) ELISA results. …”
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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Chicken Meat and Edible Poultry Organs Collected from Retail Shops and Supermarkets of North Western Province in Sri... by R. A. S. S. Ranasinghe, D. A. Satharasinghe, P. S Anwarama, P. M. S. D. K. Parakatawella, L. J. P. A. P. Jayasooriya, R. M. S. B. K. Ranasinghe, R. P. V. J. Rajapakse, J. T. Y. Huat, Y. Rukayadi, Y. Nakaguchi, M. Nishibuchi, S. Radu, J. M. K. J. K. Premarathne

“…Molecular confirmation for the positive samples was done through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using previously designed primers. …”
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Novel PITX2 Mutations including a Mutation Causing an Unusual Ophthalmic Phenotype of Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome by Liqin Huang, Yong Meng, Xiangming Guo

“…All coding exons of PITX2 and FOXC1 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from genomic DNA and subjected to direct DNA sequencing. …”
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Basidiobolomycosis Simulating a Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection in a Togolese Rural Child by Bayaki Saka, Waguena Gnassingbe, Garba Mahamadou, Sefako Akakpo, Julienne Teclessou, Aurel Abilogun-Chokki, Abas Mouhari-Toure, Koussake Kombate, Palokinam Pitché

“…The diagnosis of Buruli ulcer was evoked first; the search for Mycobacterium ulcerans by polymerase chain reaction was negative. Histology test performed revealed hypodermic granulomatous inflammation with predominant macrophage and eosinophils. …”
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circHUWE1 Exerts an Oncogenic Role in Inducing DDP-Resistant NSCLC Progression Depending on the Regulation of miR-34a-5p/TNFAIP8 by Xueliang Yang, Quan Sun, Yongming Song, Wenli Li

“…The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analyses were used for examining circHUWE1, microRNA-34a-5p (miR-34a-5p), and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8). …”
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Prevalence and predictors of NTM in presumed/confirmed drug-resistant TB by E.T. Abbew, R. Laryea, F. Sorvor, Y.A. Poku, N. Lorent, D. Obiri-Yeboah, L. Lynen, L. Rigouts

“…NTM isolates were re-cultured for species identification using GenoType® Mycobacterium CM/AS line-probe assay, polymerase chain reaction, and Sanger sequencing targeting 16S rRNA and rpoB genes. …”
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