Efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors, potent statins, and their combinations for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemia patients: a systematic network me... by Yuhua Jiang, Yingying Wang, Sijia Ma, Linlin Qian, Yeteng Jing, Xi Chen, Jinsheng Yang

“…PSCK9 inhibitors and potent statins significantly reduced LDL-C levels from baseline vs. placebo regardless of background therapy. Regarding the efficacy of lipid reduction, four principal medications were evaluated: evolocumab and atorvastatin [mean standard deviation (MD) −3.41, 95% CI −4.81 to −2.00] and evolocumab with rosuvastatin (MD −3.44, 95% CI −5.10 to −1.78) vs. placebo; alirocumab combined with rosuvastatin (MD −2.91, 95% CI −3.95 to −1.88) and alirocumab with atorvastatin (MD −2.90, 95% CI −3.97 to −1.84) vs. placebo. …”
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Ranirestat Improved Nerve Conduction Velocities, Sensory Perception, and Intraepidermal Nerve Fiber Density in Rats with Overt Diabetic Polyneuropathy by Saeko Asano, Tatsuhito Himeno, Tomohide Hayami, Mikio Motegi, Rieko Inoue, Hiromi Nakai-Shimoda, Emiri Miura-Yura, Yoshiaki Morishita, Masaki Kondo, Shin Tsunekawa, Yoshiro Kato, Koichi Kato, Keiko Naruse, Jiro Nakamura, Hideki Kamiya

“…The foot withdrawal latency to noxious heating was improved in the ranirestat group (17.7±0.6 seconds) compared with the placebo group (20.6±0.6). The decrease in the intraepidermal fiber density was significant in the diabetic placebo group (21.6±1.7/mm) but not significant in the diabetic ranirestat group (26.2±1.2) compared with the nondiabetic placebo group (30.3±1.5). …”
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The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on anthropometric and malnutrition status in acute ischemic stroke patients: a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial by Samaneh Hajjarzadeh, Mehdi Zarei, Shahram Rafie, Davood Shalilahmadi, Majid Karandish

“…Moreover, the L-carnitine group was less malnourished than the placebo group [17 (41.5%) vs. 30 (73.2%), respectively; P = 0.01], after the intrvention. …”
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Protocol for faecal microbiota transplantation in irritable bowel syndrome: the MISCEAT study – a randomised, double-blind cross-over study using mixed microbiota from healthy dono... by Lenka Kramna, Ondrej Cinek, Jakub Hurych, Jiri Vejmelka, Lucie Hlinakova, Vladyslav Larionov, Michal Kulich, Pavel Kohout

“…Patients aged 18–65 will be randomised into three equally sized groups: group A will first receive two enemas of study microbiota mixture (deep-frozen stored stool microbiota mixed from eight healthy donors); after 8 weeks, they will receive two enemas with placebo (autoclaved microbiota mixture), whereas group B will first receive placebo, then microbiota mixture. …”
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Efficacy and Safety of Osteoporosis Medication in Renal Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Amir Sheikholeslami, Amir Behnam Kharazmi, Tahereh Sabaghian, Mohammad Javad Nasiri

“…Conclusion: The study suggests that anti-osteoporotic agents in renal transplantation patients may be associated with a non-significant lower risk of vertebral fractures compared to a placebo. Findings also indicate no significant differences in adverse events between interventions and placebos. …”
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A comparison between the effect of Oral Melatonin and Hydroxyzine for preventing preoperative Anxiety in Pediatric Patients undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A randomized, double-blin... by Sarah Omar Mousa, Amany Khairy Abo El Hussien, Gehad Hanafy Abdalgaliel

“…Melatonin was superior to placebo.…”
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Examining the effect of salbutamol use in ozone air pollution by people with exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction by Bennett T. Stothers, Andy Hung, Patric E. O. Gonçalves, Lulu X. Pei, Tessa van deKerkhof, Jem I. Arnold, Owen D. Harris, Nadine Borduas‐Dedekind, Andrew W. Sheel, Michael S. Koehle

“…Participants completed 30 min of standardized moderate to vigorous exercise in four conditions: ozone plus salbutamol; room air plus salbutamol; ozone plus placebo medication; and room air plus placebo medication. …”
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Methods to address functional unblinding of raters in CNS trials by Steven D. Targum, William P. Horan, Vicki G. Davis, Alan Breier, Stephen K. Brannan

“…Both site-based and remote PANSS scores yielded significant improvement favouring xanomeline/trospium over placebo (both p < 0.0001) and yielded significantly greater treatment response (≥30% improvement from baseline) than placebo (both p < 0.0001). …”
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Comparative efficacy of sleep positional therapy, oral appliance therapy, and CPAP in obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis of mean changes in key outcomes by Yunjun Gao, Sixiang Zhu, Wenjun Li, Youqing Lai

“…Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to compare mean changes between SPT and control groups (placebo, OAT, CPAP), with sensitivity analyses to assess heterogeneity.ResultsSleep positional therapy (SPT) showed a significant reduction in AHI in the supine position compared to placebo (MD = −7.46, 95% CI: −11.42, −3.49), although no difference was observed in overall AHI between SPT and placebo or OAT. …”
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Annual Zoledronic Acid for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Asif Hussain, Sushil Kumar Saini, Jaydeep Patel, Chandra Prakash Pal, Hemant Singh Chahar, Rohit Yadav

“…Results: The primary outcome was reduced by 79% during the 1-year period in zoledronic acid, compared to placebo (3% in the treatment group vs. 14% in the placebo group; relative risk (RR): 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–0.72, P = 0.01). …”
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Influence of pH modifiers on the dissolution and stability of hydrochlorothiazide in the bi- and three-layer tablets by Blatnik Sandra Urek, Dreu Rok, Srčič Stanko

“…For this purposes, three different systems were introduced: (i) two conventional tablets (HCTZ and pH modifying placebo), (ii) 2-layer tablets (HCTZ, pH modifying placebo) and (iii) 3-layer tablets (HCTZ, barrier and pH modifying placebo). …”
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Adjunctive Sitagliptin Therapy in Postoperative Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study by Marcia L. Brackbill, Ateequr Rahman, Jeffrey S. Sandy, M. Denton Stam, Arthur F. Harralson

“…Patients received sitagliptin or placebo after surgery for 4 days. The primary endpoint was to estimate the effect of adjunctive sitagliptin versus placebo on overall mean blood glucose in the 4-day period after surgery. …”
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Lipids and C-reactive protein predict anhedonia and reward circuit functional connectivity responses to anti-cytokine and dopaminergic therapies in patients with depression by Aditya Singh, Mandakh Bekhbat, David R. Goldsmith, Ngoc-Anh Le, Evanthia C. Wommack, Zhihao Li, Ebrahim Haroon, Jennifer C. Felger

“…Relationships were examined between baseline lipids (plasma cholesterols, triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids) and reduction of anhedonia symptoms in Study 1 (n = 60) after three infusions of infliximab or placebo and change in resting-state FC in Study 2 (n = 31) after acute, within-subject challenge with levodopa (L-DOPA) and placebo. …”
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Ivermectin as a Treatment Modality in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Up-To-Date RCTs by Raghava Kalyan Maddukuri, Madhavi Latha Desimalla, Reshma Banavathu, Sai Pavan Kumar Arepalli

“…The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy and safety of Ivermectin compared to placebo or standard of care for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 disease. …”
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A Clinical Trial to Investigate the Effect of Cynatine HNS on Hair and Nail Parameters by Christina Beer, Simon Wood, Robert H. Veghte

“…A new, novel product, Cynatine HNS, was evaluated for its effects as a supplement for improving various aspects of hair and nails in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Methods. A total of 50 females were included and randomized into two groups. …”
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Central Neuropathic Pain in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis Treated Successfully with Topical Amitriptyline by David J. Kopsky, Remko Liebregts, Jan M. Keppel Hesselink

“…To evaluate whether this analgesic effect is due to the active compound or placebo, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled n-of-1 study with amitriptyline 5% cream and placebo. …”
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Safety and Efficacy of an Intravaginal Prebiotic Gel in the Prevention of Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis: A Randomized Double-Blind Study by Isabelle Coste, Philippe Judlin, Jean-Pierre Lepargneur, Sami Bou-Antoun

“…A randomized trial was carried out on 42 subjects with an active prebiotic group compared to a placebo group. The main evaluation criterion was the quantification of the vaginal flora measured by the Nugent score. …”
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Cimetidine Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Subjects: A Comparison of Tablets and Suspension by ABR Thomson, P Kirdeikis, L Zuk, RE Samuels, P Zarevics

“…The objective of this study was to compare the effect of cimetidine 200 mg tablet with that of cimetidine suspension (200 mg/10 mL), a 20 mL suspension of 800 mg magnesium hydroxide and 912 mg aluminum hydroxide, and matching placebo on intragastric pH of healthy volunteers. …”
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Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Reduces Cortisol Levels in Human Saliva during Examination Induced Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial by Hannah Andersson, Cecilia Tullberg, Siv Ahrné, Kristina Hamberg, Irini Lazou Ahrén, Göran Molin, Mikael Sonesson, Åsa Håkansson

“…Forty-one students with an upcoming academic exam were included in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The probiotic bacteria or the placebo product was administered in capsules once a day during 14 days. …”
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Cardiovascular safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis by Huibin Yang, Ting An, Yuxuan Zhao, Xiaojing Shi, Bangmao Wang, Qingyu Zhang

“…However, when the dose was considered, Tofacitinib 5 mg BID (versus placebo) showed a trend towards an increased risk of MACE [odds ratio (OR)=1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.23–4.82], as well as Upadacitinib 30 mg QD (versus placebo) showed a trend towards increased risks of VTE (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 0.23–8.03) and CVE (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.24–4.85), and ranked higher than placebo for the risk of VTE [P-score=0.766 (versus 0.722)]. …”
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