An Investigation into Tetrodotoxin (TTX) Levels Associated with the Red Dorsal Spots in Eastern Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens) Efts and Adults by Mackenzie M. Spicer, Amber N. Stokes, Trevor L. Chapman, Edmund D. Brodie, Edmund D. Brodie, Brian G. Gall

“…Several other species, such as Pleurodeles waltl and Echinotriton andersoni, have granular glands concentrated in brightly pigmented regions on the dorsum, and thus we hypothesized that the red dorsal spots of Eastern newts may also possess higher levels of TTX than the surrounding skin. …”
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Derivation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a healthy control subject by Dan Zhang, Di Huang, Leon M. Larcher, Khine Zaw, Shang-Chih Chen, Luke Jennings, Tina M. Lamey, Jennifer A. Thompson, Terri L. McLaren, Fred K. Chen, Samuel McLenachan

“…The two cell lines displayed normal karyotypes and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into embryoid bodies with the three primary germ layers and retinal pigment epithelial cells.…”
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Generation of a BEST1 Pr-EGFP reporter human embryonic stem cell line via CRISPR/Cas9 editing by Shuaiyan Lu, Ming Chen, Xiaoyu Liu, Jiahang Li, Hui Liu, Shasha Li

“…The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell, located between the neural retina and choriocapillaris, is vital for retinal maintenance and photoreceptor function. …”
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The Role of the Endothelin System in the Vascular Dysregulation Involved in Retinitis Pigmentosa by Francesco Saverio Sorrentino, Claudio Bonifazzi, Paolo Perri

“…Retinitis pigmentosa is a clinical and genetic group of inherited retinal disorders characterized by alterations of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium leading to a progressive concentric visual field restriction, which may bring about severe central vision impairment. …”
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Subungual Bowen’s Disease: Clinical Mimicker of Subungual Melanoma by Ritu Rani, Reena Kumari Sharma, Mudita Gupta

“…As clinical characteristics of subungual BD are not clearly defined, creating diagnostic dilemma with various benign and malignant diseases such as fungal infections with nail pigmentation and subungual melanoma, respectively. The patient is often misdiagnosed to be having benign and malignant diseases such as fungal infections and warts, leading to delay in diagnosis. …”
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OCT Biomarkers in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Narrative Review by Cristian Metrangolo, Simone Donati, Marco Mazzola, Liviana Fontanel, Walter Messina, Giulia D’alterio, Marisa Rubino, Paolo Radice, Elias Premi, Claudio Azzolini

“…The key importance of retinal fluid compartmentalization (intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, and subretinal pigment epithelium (RPE) fluid) will be discussed firstly. …”
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Amelanotic Melanoma Masquerading as a Granular Cell Lesion by Deepak Pandiar, Shaini Basheer, P. M. Shameena, S. Sudha, Lakshmi J. Dhana

“…Amelanotic melanoma (AM) presents a diagnostic challenge due to its wide clinical presentations, lack of pigmentation, and varied histological appearances. Immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of these lesions. …”
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Bilateral Multifocal Central Serous-Like Chorioretinopathy due to MEK Inhibition for Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma by Scott D. Schoenberger, Stephen J. Kim

“…The presumed mechanism involves toxicity to the retinal pigment epithelium, with breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier. …”
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Macular Hole of the Left Eye in a 41-year-old Patient with Retinitis pigmentosa. A Case Report by Bożena Kmak, Tomasz Siewierski, Anna Szot, Sebastian Sirek

“…Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by degeneration of the photoreceptors or retinal pigment epithelium and causes progressive vision loss. …”
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Reconstruction of Back Defect from Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevus Using Dermal Substitute Matrix by Kareem W. Makkawi, MD, Paul T. Beaineh, MD, Saif E. Emsieh, MD, Edwin E. Chrabieh, BS, Amir E. Ibrahim, MD

“…Giant congenital melanocytic nevi are large pigmented premalignant lesions present at birth that have an associated risk of malignant transformation. …”
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Effect of Thyroxine Hormone Administration in Female Broodstock on Metamorphosis and Survival Rates of Marble Goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata, BLKR.) Larva by . Hermawan, M. Zairin Junior, M.M. Raswin

“…Formation of eye spot, swim bladder and body pigment becoming faster as the increase in thyroxine hormone dose. …”
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Clinicopathological Analysis and Surgical Outcome of Eyelid Malignancies: A Study of 332 Cases by Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir, Mukti Rani Mitra, Riffat Rashid, Murtuza Nuruddin, Md. Kamrul Hassan Khan, Golam Haider, Mst. Sayedatun Nessa

“…Female (59%) was slightly more preponderance over the male (41%) for SGC than other malignancies. Pigmentation was associated with malignant melanoma (100%) and BCC (81%). …”
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F-box protein Fbx23 acts as a transcriptional coactivator to recognize and activate transcription factor Ace1. by Zhongjiao Liu, Kexuan Ma, Panpan Zhang, Siqi Zhang, Xin Song, Yuqi Qin

“…Under glucose signal, PoFbx23 absence (Δfbx23) results in decreased transcription levels of the brlA gene which encodes the master regulator for asexual development and six spore pigmentation genes (abrB→abrA→aygB→arpA→arpB→albA) which encode the proteins in the dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin pathway, along with impaired conidiation. …”
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Clinical trials on carotenoids and vitamin mineral supplements in ophthalmology by A.A. Gvetadze, M.G. Rabadanova

“…Key markers of the efficacy of the preventive treatment with carotenoids were identified, i.e., increased macular pigment optical density, the presence of lutein and zeaxanthin in blood serum, and improved vision (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity etc.). …”
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Percutaneous Endoscopic Management for Oriental Cholangiohepatitis: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Literature by Khalil Aloreidi, Prince Sethi, Terry Yeager, Muslim Atiq

“…Oriental cholangiohepatitis (OCH) is a disease characterized by intrabiliary pigment stone formation, resulting in recurrent bouts of cholangitis. …”
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Levetiracetam-induced drug reaction: violaceous discrete maculopapular rash: A case report by Arvinpreet Kour, Ajaydeep Singh

“…Results: There was complete improvement of the pigmentation after stopping the medicine with the use of local kalamine lotions with oral steroids for 14 days. …”
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Application of adoptive cell therapy in malignant melanoma by Qianrong Hu, Jiangying Xuan, Lu Wang, Kangjie Shen, Zixu Gao, Yuhong Zhou, Chuanyuan Wei, Jianying Gu

“…Abstract Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers originating from skin pigment cells. Patients with advanced melanoma suffer a poor prognosis and generally cannot benefit well from surgical resection and chemo/target therapy due to metastasis and drug resistance. …”
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Local Molecular Reactivity of the Colored Dansylglycine in Water and Dioxane Studied through Conceptual DFT by Juan Frau, Daniel Glossman-Mitnik

“…This study evaluated a fixed long-range corrected range-separated hybrid (RSH) density functional associated with the Def2TZVP basis set alongside the SMD solvation model for the computation of the structure, molecular properties, and chemical reactivity of the M8 intermediate melanoidin pigment in the presence of water and dioxane. The preference of the active sites pertinent to radical, nucleophilic, and electrophilic attacks is made through linking them with the electrophilic and nucleophilic Parr functions, Fukui function indices, and condensed dual descriptor which are chemical reactivity descriptors that arise from conceptual density functional theory. …”
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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Punctate Inner Choroidopathy by Blake M. Hampton, Christopher M. Aderman, Harry W. Flynn, Jayanth Sridhar

“…Optical coherence tomography demonstrated subretinal fluid and retinal pigment epithelium detachments (RPEDs) in both eyes. …”
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Biotechnological melanin synthesized from tyrosine vs other precursors significantly affects its electrochemical response by J. Sayago, L. M. Martinez, G. Hernández, G. Gosset

“…Melanin is a natural black-brown pigment found in animals, plants, bacteria, and human body. …”
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