Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by Marta Katkowska, Maja Kosecka-Strojek, Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska, Ewa Kwapisz, Maria Wierzbowska, Jacek Międzobrodzki, Katarzyna Garbacz

“…<b>Methods:</b> One hundred one CoNS strains were screened for oxacillin and cefoxitin susceptibility using phenotypic (disk diffusion, agar dilution, latex agglutination, and chromagar) and molecular (detection of <i>mec</i>A, <i>mec</i>B, and <i>mec</i>C) methods. …”
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Imaging flow cytometry-based cellular screening elucidates pathophysiology in individuals with Variants of Uncertain Significance by Irena Josephina Johanna Muffels, Hans R. Waterham, Giuseppina D’Alessandro, Guido Zagnoli-Vieira, Michael Sacher, Dirk J. Lefeber, Celine Van der Vinne, Chaim M. Roifman, Koen L. I. Gassen, Holger Rehmann, Desiree Y. Van Haaften-Visser, Edward S. S. Nieuwenhuis, Stephen P. Jackson, Sabine A. Fuchs, Femke Wijk, Peter van Hasselt

“…Simultaneous screening of positive control patients on all six assays revealed distinct phenotypic profiles. In addition, individuals with VUS(es) in well-known disease genes showed distinct – but similar—phenotypic profiles compared to patients with pathogenic variants in the same gene.. …”
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Titin fragment is a sensitive biomarker in Duchenne muscular dystrophy model mice carrying full-length human dystrophin gene on human artificial chromosome by Yosuke Hiramuki, Miwa Hosokawa, Kayo Osawa, Taku Shirakawa, Yasuhiro Watanabe, Ritsuko Hanajima, Hiroyuki Kugoh, Hiroyuki Awano, Masafumi Matsuo, Yasuhiro Kazuki

“…The human dystrophin derived from DYS-HAC1 improved pathological phenotypes observed in DMD-null mice, which lack the entire 2.4 Mb of the dystrophin gene. …”
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Genetic and biochemical characterization of staphylococci occurring in Novosibirsk, Russia by Y. N. Kozlova, N. V. Fomenko, V. V. Morozova, I. V. Saranina, A. Yu. Tikunov, D. A. Ganichev, A. G. Samokhin, V. V. Pavlov, O. M. Rozhnova, I. A. Bondar’, E. V. Zenkova, V. V. Nimaev, V. V.  Klimontov, N. V. Tikunova

“…A high coincidence rate (99 %) was reveal ed between the phenotypic resistance to oxacillin and the presence of the staphylococcal mecA gene. …”
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Identification of a transcription factor AoMsn2 of the Hog1 signaling pathway contributes to fungal growth, development and pathogenicity in Arthrobotrys oligospora by Qianqian Liu, Kexin Jiang, Shipeng Duan, Na Zhao, Yanmei Shen, Lirong Zhu, Ke-Qin Zhang, Jinkui Yang

“…Methods: The function of AoMsn2 was characterized using targeted gene deletion, phenotypic experiments, real-time quantitative PCR, RNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and yeast two-hybrid analysis. …”
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GWAS Identifies SNP Markers and Candidate Genes for Off-Flavours and Protein Content in Faba Bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.) by Antonio Lippolis, Boudewijn Hollebrands, Valentina Acierno, Catrienus de Jong, Laurice Pouvreau, João Paulo, Salvador A. Gezan, Luisa M. Trindade

“…The CGN population showed large phenotypic variation and moderate-to-high narrow-sense heritability for most traits. …”
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Fetal Rhesus D Genotyping and Sex Determination from Maternal Plasma of Rhesus D-Negative Antenatal Population: The Usefulness of Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction in Resource... by Otchere Addai-Mensah, Edward Y. Afriyie, Samuel Asamoah Sakyi, Christian Obirikorang, Max Efui Annani-Akollor, Eddie-Williams Owiredu, Francis A. Amponsah, Richard Vikpebah Duneeh, Evans Asamoah Adu

“…Exons 5 and 7 were detected in two additional samples but not exon 10. Serological phenotyping of neonatal blood confirmed 26 RhD+ and 4 RhD−. …”
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Molecular Characterization of the Tumor Suppressor Candidate 5 Gene: Regulation by PPARγ and Identification of TUSC5 Coding Variants in Lean and Obese Humans by Trina A. Knotts, Hyun Woo Lee, Jae Bum Kim, Pieter J. Oort, Ruth McPherson, Robert Dent, Keisuke Tachibana, Takefumi Doi, Songtao Yu, Janardan K. Reddy, Kenji Uno, Hideki Katagiri, Magdalena Pasarica, Steven R. Smith, Dorothy D. Sears, Michel Grino, Sean H. Adams

“…These studies firmly establish the murine TUSC5 gene locus as a PPARγ target, but the significance of Tusc5 in obesity phenotypes or in the pharmacologic actions of PPARγ agonists in humans remains equivocal.…”
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Angelman-Like Syndrome: A Genetic Approach to Diagnosis with Illustrative Cases by Ho-Ming Luk

“…Despite overlapping phenotypes between Angelman and Angelman-like Syndrome, there are some subtle but distinct features which could differentiate them clinically. …”
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Fleming's penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens by J. Houbraken, J.C. Frisvad, R.A. Samson

“…These species are phenotypically similar, but extrolite analysis shows that P. chrysogenum produces secalonic acid D and F and/or a metabolite related to lumpidin, while P. rubens does not produce these metabolites. …”
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Understanding the Mysterious M2 Macrophage through Activation Markers and Effector Mechanisms by Tamás Rőszer

“…The alternatively activated or M2 macrophages are immune cells with high phenotypic heterogeneity and are governing functions at the interface of immunity, tissue homeostasis, metabolism, and endocrine signaling. …”
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Current States of Opinion and Future Directions on the Epidemiology of Sex Differences in Human Pain by Jacob M Vigil

“…One of the most commonly neglected findings in the human pain literature is the observation of sex differences in the mechanisms that support the phenotypic expression of pain. The present commentary describes an assessment of the prevalence of observed sex differences in various pain processes, and of how expert pain researchers interpret the epidemiology and, hence, the proximate and ultimate causes of such differences. …”
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Moving “Forward” in Plasmodium Genetics through a Transposon-Based Approach by Bharath Balu

“…The introduction of forward genetics has provided novel means to gain a better understanding of gene functions and their associated phenotypes in Plasmodium. Even with certain limitations, the technique has already shown significant promise to increase our understanding of parasite biology needed for rationalized drug and vaccine design. …”
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Antimony Resistance in Leishmania, Focusing on Experimental Research by Fakhri Jeddi, Renaud Piarroux, Charles Mary

“…Several common limitations of these works are presented before prevalent approaches to evidence antimonial resistance are related. Afterwards, phenotypic determination of resistance is described, then confronted to clinical outcome. …”
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection of Quorum Sensing Activity in Multidrug Resistant Clinical Isolate Acinetobacter baumannii by Kok-Gan Chan, Huey Jia Cheng, Jian Woon Chen, Wai-Fong Yin, Yun Fong Ngeow

“…AHL-dependent QS is often associated with regulation of diverse bacterial phenotypes including the expression of virulence factors. …”
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Membrane Proteins Involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Invasion: Studies on TMPRSS4 and TM4SF5 by Semi Kim, Jung Weon Lee

“…Recently, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells from the primary tumor are now thought to be initiated by the developmental process termed the EMT, whereby epithelial cells lose cell polarity and cell-cell interactions, and gain mesenchymal phenotypes with increased migratory and invasive properties. …”
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Effect of neutrophils on tumor immunity and immunotherapy resistance with underlying mechanisms by Jiali Yao, Linlin Ji, Guang Wang, Jin Ding

“…In this review, firstly, we summarize the novel classification and phenotypes of neutrophils and describe the regulatory relationships between neutrophils and tumor metabolism, flora microecology, neuroendocrine and tumor therapy from a new perspective. …”
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Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia, as a Poorly Understood Cause of 46 XY Sexual Differentiation Disorder by Raúl Villanueva Rodríguez, Alberto Vielma Valdez, Maricruz Cassou Martinez, Laura Leticia Pérez Corrales, Ramón G. de los Santos Aguilar, Luis David Sol Oliva

“…Disorders of sexual differentiation are defined as congenital alterations between chromosomal, gonadal, and phenotypic sex. The principal cause of these disorders is an adrenal origin; however, there are infrequent causes, such as congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. …”
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PDE12 mediated pruning of the poly-A tail of mitochondrial DNA-encoded tRNAs is essential for survival by Chenxiao Yu, Marco Tigano, Erin L Seifert

“…The 3 missense mutations that were identified each carry severe phenotypic consequences that correlate with the presence or not of residual PDE12 protein, show cell-type-specific adaptive responses, and specificity in the mtDNA-encoded electron transport chain subunits that are most affected. …”
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Diagnosis of Prenatal-Onset Achondrogenesis Type II by a Multidisciplinary Assessment: A Retrospective Study of 2 Cases by Wenbo Wang, Qichang Wu, Li Sun, Xiaohong Zhong, Yasong Xu, Xiaojian Xie, Zhiying Su

“…Achondrogenesis type II is a rare, lethal osteochondrodysplasia with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. We describe our experience in diagnosing prenatal-onset achondrogenesis type II by a multidisciplinary assessment. …”
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