The gut microbiota‐derived metabolite indole‐3‐propionic acid enhances leptin sensitivity by targeting STAT3 against diet‐induced obesity by Zhiwei Wang, Shaying Yang, Liangju Liu, Aiqin Mao, Hao Kan, Fan Yu, Xin Ma, Lei Feng, Tingting Zhou

“…High‐fat diet (HFD), rather than genetic factors, induces excessive secretion of antimicrobial peptides by Paneth cells, inhibiting the growth of Clostridia in the gut and resulting in decreased production of the beneficial metabolite IPA. …”
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Cancer vaccines: platforms and current progress by Wanting Lei, Kexun Zhou, Ye Lei, Qiu Li, Hong Zhu

“…Recent advancements in vaccine platforms, such as synthetic peptides, mRNA, DNA, cellular, and nano-vaccines, have enhanced antigen presentation and immune activation. …”
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Vaccination and Infection as Causative Factors in Japanese Patients With Rasmussen Syndrome: Molecular Mimicry and HLA Class I by Yukitoshi Takahashi, Kazumi Matsuda, Yuko Kubota, Jiro Shimomura, Etsuko Yamasaki, Tatsuya Kudo, Katsuyuki Fukushima, Hitoshi Osaka, Noriyuki Akasaka, Atsushi Imamura, Shinji Yamada, Naomi Kondo, Tateki Fujiwara

“…Database analyses revealed that influenza A virus hemagglutinin and GluRε2 molecules contain peptides with the patient's HLA class I binding motif (HLA ࢤ A*0201). …”
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Engineered a dual-targeting biomimetic nanomedicine for pancreatic cancer chemoimmunotherapy by Meng Wang, Qida Hu, Junmin Huang, Xinyu Zhao, Shiyi Shao, Fu Zhang, Zhuo Yao, Yuan Ping, Tingbo Liang

“…To this end, we developed a biomimetic dual-targeting nanomedicine (PG@KMCM) where gemcitabine-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles are coated with a layer of bioengineered cancer cell membrane that stably expresses peptides targeting M2-like macrophages (M2pep) while reserving tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). …”
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Salivary proteomics and metaproteomics identifies distinct molecular and taxonomic signatures of type-2 diabetes by Diana Samodova, Evelina Stankevic, Mathilde Sonne Søndergaard, Naiyu Hu, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Daniel R. Witte, Daniel Belstrøm, Anniek Frederike Lubberding, Pratik D. Jagtap, Torben Hansen, Atul S. Deshmukh

“…Bioinformatic analysis revealed host signatures of altered immune-, lipid-, and glucose-metabolism regulatory systems, increased oxidative stress, and possible precancerous changes in T2D saliva. Abundance of peptides for bacterial genera such as Neisseria and Corynebacterium were altered showing biomarker potential, offering insights into disease pathophysiology and microbial applications for T2D management. …”
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Polymers for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by Yunfeng Zhu, Haibin Xu, Chaoyan Yu, Wenting Jiang, Xiaowen Hou, Mingyue Ma, Ji Wu

“…It is a neurodegenerative disorder, and its main clinical symptoms include the loss of established memories, a decline in learning capacity, and the buildup of β-amyloid peptides. The disease is often accompanied by neurodegenerative changes and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. …”
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Autoantibodies Targeting AT1 Receptor from Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Upregulate Proinflammatory Cytokines Expression in Endothelial Cells Involving NF-κB Pathway by Weijuan Li, Zhi Li, Yaoqi Chen, Songhai Li, Yuanyuan Lv, Wenping Zhou, Mengyang Liao, Feng Zhu, Zihua Zhou, Xiang Cheng, Qiutang Zeng, Yuhua Liao, Yumiao Wei

“…These improvements could be inhibited by specific AT1 receptor blocker valsartan, NF-κB blocker pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), and specific short peptides from the second extracellular loop of AT1 receptor. …”
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Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: Systematizing Literature Data by I. V. Maev, A. I. Levchenko, D. N. Andreev

“…The severe CP is associated with impaired synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, bicarbonates, and digestive enzymes by the pancreas, which is a risk factor for dysbiotic changes in the intestinal microbiota, consisting in the development of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and gut dysbiosis. …”
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Nonviral targeted mRNA delivery: principles, progresses, and challenges by Xi He, Guohong Li, Letao Huang, Haixing Shi, Sha Zhong, Siyu Zhao, Xiangyu Jiao, Jinxiu Xin, Xiaoling Yin, Shengbin Liu, Zhongshan He, Mengran Guo, Chunli Yang, Zhaohui Jin, Jun Guo, Xiangrong Song

“…Due to the inherent nuclease‐instability and negative charge of mRNA, delivery systems are developed to protect the mRNA from degradation and facilitate its crossing cell membrane to express functional proteins or peptides in the cytoplasm. However, the deficiency in transfection efficiency and targeted biological distribution are still the major challenges for the mRNA delivery systems. …”
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Alarmins and their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous abortion: insights for therapeutic intervention by Qiqi Zhang, Dandan Yang, Xingxing Han, Yu Ren, Yongqi Fan, Chao Zhang, Lei Sun, Tingting Ye, Qiushuang Wang, Youhao Ban, Yunxia Cao, Huijuan Zou, Zhiguo Zhang

“…They contain various chemotactic and immunomodulatory proteins or peptides. These molecules regulate the immune response by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and play important roles in inflammatory response, tissue repair, infection defense, and cancer treatment. …”
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MHC class II of different non-professional antigen-presenting cells mediate multiple effects of crosstalk with CD4+T cells in lung diseases by Ming-Yan Wang, Yu Qiao, Shan-Jie Wei, Zhao-Liang Su, Zhao-Liang Su, Hong-Yan Lu

“…Professional APCs engulf foreign microorganisms and display their peptides to T lymphocytes using MHC molecules. MHC II on their cell surface and potentially present antigen to CD4+T cells. …”
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Identification and Characterization of TEX101 in Bovine Epididymal Spermatozoa by Subir K. Nagdas, Eric L. McLean, Leeá P. Richardson, Samir Raychoudhury

“…Proteomic identification yielded ten peptides that matched the sequence of Testis Expressed 101 protein (TEX101). …”
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Tumor-specific cytosol-penetrating antibodies for antigen- and TME-dependent intracellular cargo delivery by Carolin Sophie Dombrowsky, Felix Klaus Geyer, Diana Zakharchuk, Harald Kolmar

“…Therefore, protein-cargo delivery approaches, including cell-penetrating peptides and cytosol-penetrating antibodies, are being explored to overcome this limitation. …”
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An HLA-Transgenic Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes That Incorporates the Reduced but Not Abolished Thymic Insulin Expression Seen in Patients by Jeffrey Babad, Riyasat Ali, Jennifer Schloss, Teresa P. DiLorenzo

“…Immune cell populations are not grossly altered, and the mice exhibit typical signs of islet autoimmunity, including CD8 T cell responses to beta cell peptides also targeted in HLA-A∗02:01-positive type 1 diabetes patients. …”
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Analysis of quality-related proteins in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) fillets with modifi ed atmosphere packaging under superchilling storage by Chuang Pan, Xiaofan Zhang, Shengjun Chen, Yong Xue, Yanyan Wu, Yueqi Wang, Di Wang

“…Total sulfhydryl content, TCA-soluble peptides and Ca2+-ATPase activity also showed that the fillet protein had a deterioration by oxidation and denaturation. …”
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A multi-tissue longitudinal proteomics study to evaluate the suitability of post-mortem samples for pathophysiological research by Christian M. Beusch, Ken Braesch-Andersen, Ulrika Felldin, Pierre Sabatier, Anna Widgren, Jonas Bergquist, Karl-Henrik Grinnemo, Sergey Rodin

“…Additionally, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis of semi-tryptic peptides, revealing distinct consensus motifs for different organs, indicating organ-specific post-mortem protease activity. …”
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Towards a Vaccine Against Rheumatic Fever by L. Guilherme, K. C. Faé, F. Higa, L. Chaves, S. E. Oshiro, S. Freschi de Barros, C. Puschel, M. A. Juliano, A. C. Tanaka, G. Spina, J. Kalil

“…We have focused on the search for protective T and B cell epitopes by testing 620 human blood samples against overlapping peptides spanning 99 residues of the C-terminal portion of the M protein, differing by one amino acid residue. …”
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Paneth Cells: Dispensable yet Irreplaceable for the Intestinal Stem Cell NicheSummary by Michaela Quintero, Linda C. Samuelson

“…Although Paneth cells were first described as an epithelial cell component of the innate immune system due to their expression of anti-microbial peptides, they have been proposed to be niche cells due to their close proximity to intestinal stem cells and expression of niche factors. …”
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Self-Assembly Iron Oxide Nanoclusters for Photothermal-Mediated Synergistic Chemo/Chemodynamic Therapy by Xiang Li, Zhen Wang, Mian Ma, Zhouqing Chen, Xiang-long Tang, Zhong Wang

“…The shell consisted of a human serum albumin- (HSA-) paclitaxel (PTX) layer, which extended the blood circulation time and ensured the effectiveness of the chemotherapy. Arg-Gly-Asp peptides (RGD) were linked to the naked cysteine moieties in HSA to promote the specific targeting of human glioma U87 cells by αvβ3 integrins. …”
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Hepatic injury and metabolic perturbations in mice exposed to perfluorodecanoic acid revealed by metabolomics and lipidomics by Lvyun Sun, Shuling He, Jiali Chen, Amei Su, Qiuyao Mao, Wenyuan Zhang, Ying Pan, Jiaqian Hu, Disheng Feng, Yang Ouyang

“…Most amino acids and peptides increased in the serum but decreased in the liver. …”
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