Repository Corticotropin Injection for Treatment of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies by Aarat Patel, Georgia Seely, Rohit Aggarwal

“…Acthar® Gel (repository corticotropin injection [RCI]) is a melanocortin peptide that can induce steroid-dependent effects and steroid-independent effects. …”
Get full text

Long-Term Provision of Acidified Drinking Water Fails to Influence Autoimmune Diabetes and Encephalomyelitis by Sundararajan Jayaraman, Arathi Jayaraman

“…Interestingly, administration of complete Freund’s adjuvant alone or emulsified with a neuronal peptide to induce neurodegenerative disease during the prediabetic stage completely prevented the onset of diabetes regardless of the pH of the drinking water. …”
Get full text

Integrating TRPV1 Receptor Function with Capsaicin Psychophysics by Gregory Smutzer, Roni K. Devassy

“…TRPV1 receptors function as homotetramers that also respond to heat, proinflammatory substances, lipoxygenase products, resiniferatoxin, endocannabinoids, protons, and peptide toxins. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1 leads to increased sensitivity to both chemical and thermal stimuli. …”
Get full text

Acute One-Cigarette Smoking Decreases Ghrelin Hormone in Saliva: A Pilot Study by Yahia A. Kaabi, Mohiealdeen A. Khalifa

“…Cigarette smoking is commonly associated with weight loss and mechanisms for these weight changes are still elusive. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that works in a neuroendocrine fashion to stimulate hunger and the desire for food intake. …”
Get full text

Therapeutic Actions of the Thiazolidinediones in Alzheimer’s Disease by María José Pérez, Rodrigo A. Quintanilla

“…In the AD brain is common to observe the accumulation of senile plaques formed by amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and the neurofibrillary tangles composed of modified tau protein, which both lead to cellular damage and progressive neurodegeneration. …”
Get full text

Two Cases of Ischemic Complications in Abdominoplasty After Use of a New Biologic Migraine Medication by Reetta Tuominen, MD, PhD, Virve Koljonen, MD, PhD

“…Calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists are potent medications for severe migraine with few contraindications. …”
Get full text

Spines, Plasticity, and Cognition in Alzheimer's Model Mice by Tara Spires-Jones, Shira Knafo

“…The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD)—widespread synaptic and neuronal loss and the pathological accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in senile plaques, as well as hyperphosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles—have been known for many decades, but the links between AD pathology and dementia and effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. …”
Get full text

Imaging Gene Expression in Regional Brain Ischemia in Vivo with a Targeted [In]-Antisense Radiopharmaceutical by Toyofumi Suzuki, Yun Zhang, Yu-feng Zhang, Felix Schlachetzki, William M. Pardridge

“…The in vivo imaging of decreased GFAP gene expression in cerebral ischemia was examined in the present studies using a targeted peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which was labeled with 111 In, and which hybridized to nucleotides 20–37 of the rat GFAP mRNA. …”
Get full text

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide plays a role in neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders: sex-specific perspective by Catherine E. Van Doorn, Mikala M. Zelows, Anel A. Jaramillo

“…The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) plays a pivotal role in regulating stress, fear, and anxiety responses. …”
Get full text

Spontaneous high clonal expansion of Wilms’ tumor gene 1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in patients with Wilms’ tumor gene 1-expressing solid tumor by Soyoko Morimoto, Yukie Tanaka, Jun Nakata, Fumihiro Fujiki, Kana Hasegawa, Hiroko Nakajima, Sumiyuki Nishida, Akihiro Tsuboi, Naoki Hosen, Naoki Kagawa, Motohiko Maruno, Akira Myoui, Takayuki Enomoto, Shuichi Izumoto, Mitsugu Sekimoto, Naoya Hashimoto, Toshiki Yoshimine, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Yusuke Oji, Yoshihiro Oka, Haruo Sugiyama

“…However, the spontaneous WT1-specific immune response before WT1 peptide vaccination in patients with WT1-expressing tumors (PTs) remains unclear. …”
Get full text

Transdermal delivery of PeptiCRAd cancer vaccine using microneedle patches by Carmine D'Amico, Manlio Fusciello, Firas Hamdan, Federica D'Alessio, Paolo Bottega, Milda Saklauskaite, Salvatore Russo, Justin Cerioni, Khalil Elbadri, Marianna Kemell, Jouni Hirvonen, Vincenzo Cerullo, Hélder A. Santos

“…This study aims at identifying the potential of MNs for the delivery of Peptide-coated Conditionally Replicating Adenoviruses (PeptiCRAd), whereby peptides enhance the immunogenic properties of adenoviruses presenting tumor associated antigens. …”
Get full text

Development of a TCR-like antibody and chimeric antigen receptor against NY-ESO-1/HLA-A2 for cancer immunotherapy by Xin Liu, Yang Du, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Wei Xiong, Yixiang Xu, Bingnan Yin, Yuqian Huang, Junjun Chu, Changsheng Xing, Chen Qian, Tianhao Duan, Helen Y Wang, John S. Yu, Rongfu Wang

“…To mimic the feature of T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes the complex of major histocompatibility class I and peptide on the cell surface derived from the processed intracellular antigen, we used NY-ESO-1, a cancer-testis antigen, to develop a TCR-like fully human IgG1 antibody and its derivative, CAR-T cells, for cancer immunotherapy.Methods Human single-chain variable antibody fragment (scFv) phage library (~10∧11) was screened against HLA-A2/NY-ESO-1 (peptide 157–165) complex to obtain target-specific antibodies. …”
Get full text

Utility of 131I-HLX58-Der for the Precision Treatment: Evaluation of a Preclinical Radio-Antibody-Drug-Conjugate Approach in Mouse Models by Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang N, He S, Zhang J, Xu X, Song S

“…The cytotoxic effects of the RADC were evaluated in CLDN18.2-positive tumor cell lines and xenografts.Results: HLX58 was successfully conjugated with DXd using the cleavable maleimide GGFG peptide linker and labeled with 131I to produce RADC-131I-HLX58-Der. …”
Get full text

Comparison of GLP-1RAs vs Other Pharmacotherapy for Obesity by Andrew Overholser, Eric Czech, Linda Speer, Joel Wilson, Alex Overholser

“…The current United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pharmaceutical therapy choices for long-term use include a combination of phentermine-topiramate, combination bupropion-naltrexone, orlistat, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and dual action GLP-1RAs and gastric inhibitory peptide agonists (GIP). …”
Get full text

The ABC transporter A7 modulates neuroinflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome in Alzheimer’s disease mice by Irene Santos-García, Pablo Bascuñana, Mirjam Brackhan, María Villa, Ivan Eiriz, Thomas Brüning, Jens Pahnke

“…ABCA7 transports lipids from/across cell membranes, regulates Aβ peptide processing and clearance, and modulates microglial and T-cell functions to maintain immune homeostasis in the brain. …”
Get full text

Improving protein hydrolysis and digestibility in Arthrospira platensis biomass through recombinant peptidases (EC 3.4): Opportunities for monogastric animal diets by Maria P. Spínola, Mónica M. Costa, Rita S. Simões, Vânia O. Fernandes, Vânia Cardoso, Virgínia M.R. Pires, Cláudia Afonso, Carlos Cardoso, Narcisa M. Bandarra, Carlos M.G.A. Fontes, José A.M. Prates

“…Protein content was determined using the Bradford method and potential peptide formation was measured via an o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) assay. …”
Get full text

Effect of Ultrasonic-Assisted Thermal Treatment on the Structure and Solubility of Rapeseed Protein by ZHAO Kangyu, YANG Ping, MA Junkun, SHU Wenjing, YANG Feng, XIE Yisha, LIU Qingqing

“…After the combined ultrasonic-thermal treatment, the spatial structure of protein molecules was unfolded, thus resulting in the breaking of peptide bonds and the exposure of hydrophobic groups. …”
Get full text

Simulated gastrointestinal digestion of milk caseins containing A1 β-casein does not lead to increased production of inflammatory proteins in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro w... by Alan Aitchison, Teagan S. Edwards, Andrew S. Day

“…Gastrointestinal digestion of bovine milk protein β-casein releases a biologically active peptide β-casomorphin (BCM)-7, which has been associated with increased incidence of non-communicable diseases and negative effects on digestive comfort. …”
Get full text

The Pathophysiological Relationship Between Migraine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Literature Review by Noor Elkurwi, Qabas Elkurwi

“…The most recent hypothesis suggests the following: migraine is caused by an increased release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the trigeminal ganglion, which will cause an increase in nitric oxide and IL-1β, resulting in vasodilation and inducing hyperalgesia. …”
Get full text

Evidence for the Gut Microbiota Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Pathophysiological Molecules Improving Diabetes by Alessandra Puddu, Roberta Sanguineti, Fabrizio Montecucco, Giorgio Luciano Viviani

“…Their main beneficial activities were identified in the decrease of serum levels of glucose, insulin resistance as well as inflammation, and increase in protective Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. In this review, we updated evidence on the effects of SCFAs potentially improving metabolic control in type 2 diabetes.…”
Get full text