Immune Dysfunction in Rett Syndrome Patients Revealed by High Levels of Serum Anti-N(Glc) IgM Antibody Fraction by Anna Maria Papini, Francesca Nuti, Feliciana Real-Fernandez, Giada Rossi, Caterina Tiberi, Giuseppina Sabatino, Shashank Pandey, Silvia Leoncini, Cinzia Signorini, Alessandra Pecorelli, Roberto Guerranti, Solange Lavielle, Lucia Ciccoli, Paolo Rovero, Claudio De Felice, Joussef Hayek

“…To determine immunoglobulins we used both a conventional agglutination assay and a novel ELISA based on antibody recognition by a surrogate antigen probe, CSF114(Glc), a synthetic N-glucosylated peptide. Both assays provided evidence for an increase in IgM titer, but not in IgG, in RTT patients relative to both healthy controls and non-RTT PDD patients. …”
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The formulated microbicide RC-101 was safe and antivirally active following intravaginal application in pigtailed macaques. by Alexander M Cole, Dorothy L Patton, Lisa C Rohan, Amy L Cole, Yvonne Cosgrove-Sweeney, Nicole A Rogers, Deena Ratner, Alexandra B Sassi, Carol Lackman-Smith, Patrick Tarwater, Bharat Ramratnam, Piotr Ruchala, Robert I Lehrer, Alan J Waring, Phalguni Gupta

“…One day following the last film application, cervical biopsies from RC-101-exposed and placebo-controlled macaques were collected and were subjected to challenge with RT-SHIV in an ex vivo organ culture model. RC-101 peptide was detected primarily in the cytobrush and biopsied cervical and vaginal tissues, with little to no peptide detected in lavage samples, suggesting that the peptide was associated with the cervicovaginal epithelia. …”
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Influence of Running and Walking on Hormonal Regulators of Appetite in Women by D. Enette Larson-Meyer, Sonnie Palm, Aasthaa Bansal, Kathleen J. Austin, Ann Marie Hart, Brenda M. Alexander

“…Plasma concentrations of the orexogenic peptide ghrelin, anorexogenic peptides peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and appetite ratings were measured at 30 min interval for 120 min, followed by a free-choice meal. …”
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Neuregulin 1 improves cognitive deficits and neuropathology in an Alzheimer’s disease model by Jiqing Xu, Fred de Winter, Catherine Farrokhi, Edward Rockenstein, Michael Mante, Anthony Adame, Jonathan Cook, Xin Jin, Eliezer Masliah, Kuo-Fen Lee

“…Decreased expression of the neuronal marker MAP2 and synaptic markers PSD95 and synaptophysin in AD mice was significantly reversed. Levels of Aβ peptides and plaques were markedly reduced. Furthermore, we showed that soluble ectodomains of both type I and type III NRG1 significantly increased expression of Aβ-degrading enzyme neprilysin (NEP) in primary neuronal cultures. …”
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Reduction of Hepatic Fat Content by Dulaglutide for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: A Two‐Centre Open, Single‐Arm Trial by Chuanfeng Liu, Yu Xin, Yajing Huang, Lili Xu, Ruizhi Zhou, Yangang Wang, Wei Wang

“…Results Q2 group showed an average reduction in liver fat content of 8.6%, a decrease in glycated haemoglobin of 18.17%, a weight loss of 7.29% and an increase in fasting c‐peptide release by 1.03%, 1‐h and 2‐h postprandial c‐peptide release by 28.86% and 18.28% respectively. …”
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Iron-regulatory liver hormone hepcidin and its place in the system of congenital immunity by O. A. Smirnov

“…Hepcidin is coded by HAMP gene (Hepcidin Antimicrobial Peptide) in chromosome 19. Expression peptide mRNA in hepatocytes is induced by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α) similar to acute phase proteins of inflammation, and also by liver iron overload. …”
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Identification of fine antigenic epitopes of Tamdy virus glycoprotein Gn fragment and establishment of ELISA detection method by Yujiao Fu, Liping Liu, Beibei Zhang, Xiaoshan Chao, Junxia Jin, Ying Wang, Juntao Ding

“…According to the predicted results, glycoprotein Gn was divided into 46 truncated 16-peptides by modified synthetic peptide method, and the antigenicity of 46 truncated 16-peptides was verified by western blotting analysis. …”
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Annexin I and dexamethasone effects on phospholipase and cyclooxygenase activity in human synoviocytes by Annaleise V. Sampey, Paul Hutchinson, Eric F. Morand

“…Annexin I peptide demonstrated no inhibition of constitutive or IL-1β-induced COX activity. …”
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Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of Hg(II) Complexation with Some Dicysteinyl Tetrapeptides by Elliot Springfield, Alana Willis, John Merle, Johanna Mazlo, Maria Ngu-Schwemlein

“…These structural insights on peripheral mercury-peptide interactions provide additional understanding of the chemistry of mercury(II) with side-chain donor groups in peptides.…”
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An Immunoinformatics Study to Predict Epitopes in the Envelope Protein of SARS-CoV-2 by Renu Jakhar, S. K. Gakhar

“…Some overlapped CTL, HTL, and B-cell epitopes were suggested to become a universal candidate for peptide-based vaccine against COVID-19. This vaccine peptide could simultaneously elicit humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. …”
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Small Bowel Review - Part II by ABR Thomson, G Wild

“…Part II of this two-part review of the small bowel examines the early development and later ageing of the small bowel; the effect of diabetes, alcohol, radiation and HIV on the small bowel; enteral and parenteral nutrition; the brush border membrane and enterocyte proliferation; and peptide hormones (including transforming growth factors, motilin, peptide YY and cholecystokinin).…”
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A Comprehensive Review of Zavegepant as Abortive Treatment for Migraine by Nazir Noor, Alexis Angelette, Abby Lawson, Anjana Patel, Ivan Urits, Omar Viswanath, Cyrus Yazdi, Alan D. Kaye

“…In this comprehensive review, we discuss Zavegepant, a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, as a new abortive medication for migraine headaches.…”
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Epidemiological Pattern of Newly Diagnosed Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Taif, Saudi Arabia by Naglaa Mohamed Kamal Alanani, Adnan Amin Alsulaimani

“…The correlation of C-peptide and TSH levels in patients and controls was significant for C-peptide and nonsignificant for TSH. …”
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Encapsulated human islets in alginate fiber maintain long-term functionality by Junko Nishida, Takahiro Tsuno, Shigeharu G. Yabe, Tatsuya Kin, Satsuki Fukuda, Fujie Takeda, Jun Shirakawa, Hitoshi Okochi

“…The encapsulated islets cultured with 5.5 mM glucose, but not those with 25 mM glucose, exhibited glucose responsiveness of C-peptide secretion until day 180. We demonstrate that alginate encapsulation enabled human islets to maintain their viability and glucose responsiveness of C-peptide secretion after long-term in vitro culture, potentially for more than for 180 days.…”
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Serum Cytokeratin-18 Is Associated with NOX2-Generated Oxidative Stress in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver by M. Del Ben, L. Polimeni, F. Baratta, S. Bartimoccia, R. Carnevale, L. Loffredo, P. Pignatelli, F. Violi, F. Angelico

“…Body mass index, adiponectin, and soluble NOX2-derived peptide were independent predictors of serum cytokeratin-18 levels (adjusted R2=0.36). …”
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Chicken collagen hydrolysates differentially mediate anti-inflammatory activity and type I collagen synthesis on human dermal fibroblasts by Marina Offengenden, Subhadeep Chakrabarti, Jianping Wu

“…Given the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant profiles of these bioactive compounds, there has been increasing interest in using collagen derived peptides and peptide-rich collagen hydrolysates for skin health, due to their immunomodulatory, antioxidant and proliferative effects on dermal fibroblasts. …”
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Increasing GLP-1 Circulating Levels by Bariatric Surgery or by GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Therapy: Why Are the Clinical Consequences so Different? by Chloé Amouyal, Fabrizio Andreelli

“…Additional research confirmed this hypothesis with the discovery of two hormones called incretins: gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). …”
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Voluntary Forelimbs Exercise Reduces Immobilization-Induced Mechanical Hyperalgesia in the Rat Hind Paw by Kumiko Ishikawa, Satoshi Oga, Kyo Goto, Junya Sakamoto, Ryo Sasaki, Yuichiro Honda, Hideki Kataoka, Minoru Okita

“…In the EX group, the number of calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive cells in the dorsal root ganglion and the expression level of calcitonin gene-related peptide were significantly decreased compared to those in the IM group. …”
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Single-cell analysis identifies the CNP/GC-B/cGMP axis as marker and regulator of modulated VSMCs in atherosclerosis by Moritz Lehners, Hannes Schmidt, Maria T. K. Zaldivia, Daniel Stehle, Michael Krämer, Andreas Peter, Julia Adler, Robert Lukowski, Susanne Feil, Robert Feil

“…Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can generate cGMP via three ligand-activated guanylyl cyclases, the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-activated GC-A, and the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-stimulated GC-B. …”
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Obesity Related Alterations in Plasma Cytokines and Metabolic Hormones in Chimpanzees by Pramod Nehete, Elizabeth R. Magden, Bharti Nehete, Patrick W. Hanley, Christian R. Abee

“…We also observed increased levels of metabolic hormones glucagon-like-peptide-1, glucagon, connecting peptide, insulin, pancreatic peptide YY3–36, and leptin in the plasma of overweight and obese chimpanzees. …”
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