Effect of “DXB-2030,” a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism by Mohammed Azeemuddin, Suryakanth D. Anturlikar, Mallappa Onkaramurthy, Mirza R. Baig, Basti K. Ashok, Raghavendra P. Rao, Mohamed Rafiq, Paramesh Rangesh

“…Results showed that treatment with “DXB-2030” reversed the TP-induced changes by increasing the GLUT4 expression and decreasing the body weight, testosterone levels, AUC of glucose in OGTT, and the cystic follicles of the ovaries, thus indicating its beneficial effect in PCOS by ameliorating the metabolic dysfunction and reproductive impairment, which are the pathophysiological conditions associated with PCOS. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that “DXB-2030” was effective in the management of experimental PCOS and hence may be recommended in the treatment of PCOS.…”
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Asthma in Sickle Cell Disease by Manisha Newaskar, Karen A. Hardy, Claudia R. Morris

“…An obstructive pattern of pulmonary function, along with a higher-than-expected prevalence of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) when compared to the general population, has led some researchers to suspect that underlying hemolysis may contribute to the development of a pulmonary disease similar to asthma in patients with SCD. While the pathophysiologic mechanism in atopic asthma involves up-regulation of Th2 cytokines, mast cell– and eosinophil-driven inflammation, plus increased activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase in airway epithelium resulting in obstructive changes and AHR, the exact mechanisms of AHR, obstructive and restrictive lung disease in SCD is unclear. …”
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COVID-19 in Coincidence with Transient Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in an Infant by Seyedeh-Kiana Razavi-Amoli, Hamid Mohammadjafari, Daniel Zamanfar, Mohammad Reza Navaeifar, Zahra Sadati-Lamradi, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai

“…Post-COVID-19 nephropathies have been reported profusely in the literature with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of transient distal (type 1) renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) in an infant with confirmed COVID-19. …”
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New therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Recent insights by Giulia Guglielmi, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, S. John Wort

“…Current therapies primarily focus on pulmonary vasodilation; however, novel approaches that target the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms—such as TGF-β signalling, epigenetic alterations, growth factors, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodelling—are promising alternatives for improving treatment outcomes. …”
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Involvement of Toll Like Receptor 2 Signaling in Secondary Injury during Experimental Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats by Yonglin Zhao, Junjie Zhao, Ming Zhang, Yahui Zhao, Jiaxi Li, Xudong Ma, Tingqin Huang, Honggang Pang, Bo Wang, Jinning Song

“…Treatment of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) remains challenging in clinical practice due to the unclear pathophysiological mechanism. Uncontrolled, excessive inflammation is one of the most recognized mechanisms that contribute to the secondary injury after DAI. …”
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Elevated Urinary Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Diabetic Nephropathy Is Caused by Local Production and Tubular Dysfunction by Karin G. F. Gerritsen, Jan Willem Leeuwis, Maarten P. Koeners, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Willem van Oeveren, Jan Aten, Lise Tarnow, Peter Rossing, Jack F. M. Wetzels, Jaap A. Joles, Robbert Jan Kok, Roel Goldschmeding, Tri Q. Nguyen

“…Urinary CTGF (uCTGF) is elevated in DN patients and has been proposed as a biomarker for disease progression, but it is unknown which pathophysiological factors contribute to elevated uCTGF. …”
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Primary lymphoma arising in Paget’s disease in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism by Mercedes De La Fuente, Marina Arroyo, Ana S. Collado, Elena C. Gallardo, Santiago Montes, Jose M. Olmos

“…In addition, whereas the pathophysiological relationship between PDB and secondary hyperparathyroidism is well established, there is much debate about the association between PDB and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). …”
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Beneficial Effects of Capybara Oil Supplementation on Steatosis and Liver Apoptosis in Obese Mice by Luciana Lontro Alves, Priscila Gomes Pereira, Bianca Torres Ciambarella, Miguel Porto Campos, Kíssila Rabelo, Ana Lúcia Rosa Nascimento, Raíssa Leal de Carvalho dos Santos Cunha, Cherley Borba Vieira Andrade, Alan Cesar Nunes Moraes, Andressa Bernardi, Fernanda Verdini Guimarães, Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva, Jorge José de Carvalho

“…So, we intend to evaluate the hepatic pathophysiological alterations in C57Bl/6 mice with NAFLD, caused by obesity, and the possible beneficial effects of OC in the treatment of this disease. …”
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Central Interleukin-1β Suppresses the Nocturnal Secretion of Melatonin by A. P. Herman, J. Bochenek, K. Król, A. Krawczyńska, H. Antushevich, B. Pawlina, A. Herman, K. Romanowicz, D. Tomaszewska-Zaremba

“…Nocturnal melatonin secretion patterns could be disturbed in pathophysiological states, including inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, and depression. …”
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Navigating the complex role of senescence in liver disease by Qiuting Li, Lin Wang, Yuanyuan Ji

“…The objective of this review is to offer a contemporary overview of the pathophysiological events involving hepatic senescent cells and to elucidate their role in the onset and progression of liver diseases, particularly through mechanisms like telomere shortening, genomic and mitochondrial DNA damage, and inflammation. …”
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Bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal plants for neurological health: mechanisms, pathways, and functional food applications by Wang Meng, Wang Chao, Zhao Kaiwei, Ma Sijia, Sang Jiajia, Xu Shijie

“…Neurological disorders pose significant global public health challenges, with a rising prevalence and complex pathophysiological mechanisms that impose substantial social and economic burdens. …”
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Association between allergic diseases and mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis by Yasunori Yamamoto, Shinya Furukawa, Osamu Yoshida, Teruki Miyake, Kana Shiraishi, Yu Hashimoto, Kazuhiro Tange, Shogo Kitahata, Tomoyuki Ninomiya, Sen Yagi, Hanayama Masakazu, Seiyuu Suzuki, Naozumi Shibata, Hidehiro Murakami, Katsuhisa Ohashi, Hideomi Tomida, Eiji Takeshita, Yoshio Ikeda, Yoichi Hiasa

“…Abstract Allergic diseases and ulcerative colitis (UC) share pathophysiological similarities. This study aimed to investigate the unclear association between allergic diseases and mucosal healing (MH), an important factor in the prognosis of UC. …”
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Liver diseases: epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions by Can Gan, Yuan Yuan, Haiyuan Shen, Jinhang Gao, Xiangxin Kong, Zhaodi Che, Yangkun Guo, Hua Wang, Erdan Dong, Jia Xiao

“…While sharing common features, liver diseases exhibit distinct pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic profiles. …”
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Behavioral phenotyping of mice deficient for tumor necrosis factor by D. V. Fursenko, N. V. Khotskin, V. A. Kulikov, A. V. Kulikov

“…The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine exerting both homeostatic and pathophysiological roles in the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Bioreactance-Based Noninvasive Fluid Responsiveness and Cardiac Output Monitoring: A Pilot Study in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Literature Review by Sanjeev Sivakumar, Christos Lazaridis

“…Based on this literature and sound pathophysiologic reasoning, reliance on static markers (such as CVP) is unjustified when one attempts to assess strategies augmenting stroke volume (SV), arterial blood pressure, and oxygen delivery. …”
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Regulatory role of S1P and its receptors in sepsis-induced liver injury by Bin Wang, Bin Wang, Xiaoyu Wu, Xiaoyu Wu, Jiangfeng Cheng, Jiangfeng Cheng, Junming Ye, Junming Ye, Hongquan Zhu, Hongquan Zhu, Xiaofeng Liu, Xiaofeng Liu

“…Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widely distributed lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PR) to regulate downstream signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiological processes of sepsis, including endothelial permeability, cytokine release, and vascular tone. …”
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Preoperative evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a promising biomarker for discriminating between benign and malignant breast tumors and assessing breast cancer acti... by Ajay Singh Thakur, Chandrashekhar Indoria, Ruby Sahu, Pratima Kujur, Renuka Gahine

“…Background: The red cell distribution width (RDW) has been recognized as a new prognostic factor in various pathophysiological states including breast cancers. The aim of this study was to compare the RDW values between patients diagnosed with benign and malignant breast tumors and to evaluate the potential of elevated RDW as a biomarker for breast cancer activity. …”
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Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17) as a clinical biomarker in atopic dermatitis: significance and limitations in the new treatment era by Yoko Kataoka

“…In this new era, TARC remains a useful biomarker for more accurate drug selection and the determination of therapeutic efficacy; Currently, in clinical trials of AD, all outcome measurements depend on the clinical score; however the use of a biomarker, such as TARC, as a secondary outcome measure will clarify the characteristics of each drug and the pathophysiological conditions for which it is expected to be effective.…”
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Application of Different Stimulation Targets in the Rehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease Mediated by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation by ZHU Yulian, XI Chong

“…Functional recovery can be promoted by modulating multiple brain regions due to the diversity of PD symptoms and complexity of its pathophysiological mechanisms. Although there are lots of tDCS treatment protocols, a uniform standard is undefined. …”
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Early Polytherapy for Probably Benzodiazepine Refractory Naïve Status Epilepticus (Stage 1 Plus) by Giuseppe Magro

“…The objective of this review is to provide pathophysiological and pre-clinical evidence, mostly from animal studies, for the different approach of combined polytherapy from the start for those cases of SE falling in the definition of Stage 1 Plus.…”
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