Wrong-route drug administration errors: A review of the literature by J Taylor, M Blockman

“…This narrative review aims to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying such errors and investigate preventive strategies and potential therapeutic options. …”
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Successful perioperative management of infective endocarditis in a patient after COVID-19 by I.Yu. Mokryk, N.V. Malova, I.O. Stetsiuk, Ghasabeh F. Hassanzadeh

“…Cardiovascular pathology and pathophysiological changes in other organs and systems due to COVID-19 should be considered. …”
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Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Type II Diabetes Mellitus by Huihui Sun, Lisha Yi, Ping Wu, Yingjie Li, Bin Luo, Shuchang Xu

“…Results. 16% patients were found with typical GERD symptoms. Pathophysiological factors such as peripheral neuropathy, metabolism syndrome, and obesity were found to have no significant differences between GERD and non-GERD type II DM patients in the present study. …”
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E3 ubiquitin ligase SYVN1 as a promising therapeutic target for diverse human diseases by Li Zhu, Yong-Ping Liu, Yuan-Wang, Bo-Xuan Sun, Yu-Ting Huang, Ji-Kai Zhao, Jian-Feng Liu, Li-Ming Yu, Hui-Shan Wang

“…In this Review, we summarize the latest findings regarding the physiological and pathophysiological roles of SYVN1, elucidating the mechanisms by which SYVN1 can regulate the progression of various diseases in humans. …”
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Time to Exhale: Additional Value of Expiratory Chest CT in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Joshua Gawlitza, Frederik Trinkmann, Hans Scheffel, Andreas Fischer, John W. Nance, Claudia Henzler, Nils Vogler, Joachim Saur, Ibrahim Akin, Martin Borggrefe, Stefan O. Schoenberg, Thomas Henzler

“…However, this does not address the pathophysiological complexity of the disease sufficiently. …”
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Spectroscopic Approach to Capillary-Alveolar Membrane Damage Induced Acute Lung Injury by Jing Wang, Luis Oppenheimer, Paola Fata, Julio Pintin, Ross Stimpson, Henry H Mantsch

“…The term acute lung injury (ALI), a primitive phase of ARDS, was introduced by the European and American consensus groups to provide early diagnoses of ARDS. The pathophysiological characterization of ALI/ARDS – an increased pulmonary capillary-alveolar membrane barrier permeability – is generally not included in current intensive care unit diagnosis criteria.…”
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A Case of De Novo Anterior Condylar Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Long after Curative Transvenous Embolization of Contralateral Anterior Condylar Arteriovenous Fistula by Shinya Hagiwara, Takeshi Miyazaki, Masahiro Tsuji, Mizuki Kambara, Tsutomu Yoshikane, Hidemasa Nagai, Yasuhiko Akiyama

“…The authors describe the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and management strategies for this rare occurrence.…”
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Very Late Bare Metal Stent Thrombosis by Mariana Soto Herrera, José A. Restrepo, Andrés Felipe Buitrago, Mabel Gómez Mejía, Jesús H. Díaz

“…It usually presents as an ST elevation acute coronary syndrome and it is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiologic mechanisms are not well defined; nevertheless, recent studies have proposed a neoatherosclerotic process as the triggering mechanism. …”
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Renal Impairment in Cirrhosis Unrelated to Hepatorenal Syndrome by Gavin Low, Graeme JM Alexander, David J Lomas

“…Renal impairment is common in liver disease and may occur as a consequence of the pathophysiological changes that underpin cirrhosis or secondary to a pre-existing unrelated insult. …”
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Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-tolymphocyte ratio with all-cause mortality in patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries by Mihai Emilian Dumitru, Delcea Caterina, Buzea Adrian Cătălin, Dan Gheorghe-Andrei

“…Systemic inflammation, a key pathophysiological mechanism in its development, is reflected in diverse bio-markers, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). …”
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Sporadic Insulinoma as a Rare Cause of Recurrent Hypoglycemia in Children by Hedyeh Saneifard, Ahmad Khaleghnejad Tabari, Maryam Kazemi Aghdam, Mohadese Musavi Khorshidi, Ali Sheikhy

“…As a result of insulin hypersecretion, signs and symptoms are more commonly consequences of the pathophysiologic responses to hypoglycemia. According to rarity of this tumor in children and nonspecificity of clinical presentations, diagnosis of insulinoma in this group of patients is usually delayed. …”
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Panhypopituitarism due to Absence of the Pituitary Stalk: A Rare Aetiology of Liver Cirrhosis by Marta Gonzalez Rozas, Lidia Hernanz Roman, Diego Gonzalez Gonzalez, José Luis Pérez-Castrillón

“…Insulin resistance is the main pathophysiological axis of metabolic syndrome and is the causal factor in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). …”
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Gastrite eosinofílica - Relato de caso by Bruno Carminatti da Silva, Jaqueline Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Ratier, Mônica Lisboa Chang Wayhs, Camila Marques de Valois Lanzarin, Renata Meirelles Gaspar Coelho Tomazzoni

“…Eosinophilic gastritis is a rare condition characterized by a dense infiltration of eosinophils in the gastric mucosa. The suggested pathophysiological processes are multifactorial and involve mechanisms that lie between an immunoglobulin E-mediated response and a late T helper 2 response. …”
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Alice in Wonderland Syndrome: Localising insights from right visual cortex stroke complicated by epilepsia partialis continua by Gashirai K. Mbizvo, Viraj Bharambe, Brython Hywel, Shubhabrata Biswas, Andrew J. Larner

“…We present a case of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in association with a right posterior/visual cortex infarction with subsequent seizures including focal motor status (epilepsia partialis continua), the latter a hitherto unreported association. These pathophysiological changes were of right hemisphere origin, suggesting Alice in Wonderland syndrome, if present, might have localising value for seizure focus in the right hemisphere.…”
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Alzheimer’s disease and antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious diseases agents: a mendelian randomization study by Jiayuan Zhang, Mingming Wang, Dong Wang, Linwen Deng, Yao Peng

“…These findings provide valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD.…”
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Reciprocal Effects of Oxidative Stress on Heme Oxygenase Expression and Activity Contributes to Reno-Vascular Abnormalities in EC-SOD Knockout Mice by Tomoko Kawakami, Nitin Puri, Komal Sodhi, Lars Bellner, Toru Takahashi, Kiyoshi Morita, Rita Rezzani, Tim D. Oury, Nader G. Abraham

“…CoPP, in EC-SOD(−/−) mice, enhanced HO activity (P<0.05) and reversed aforementioned pathophysiological abnormalities along with restoration of vascular EET, p-eNOS, p-AKT and serum adiponectin levels in these animals. …”
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Mutation-Specific Phenotypes in hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Carrying Either Myosin-Binding Protein C Or α-Tropomyosin Mutation for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Marisa Ojala, Chandra Prajapati, Risto-Pekka Pölönen, Kristiina Rajala, Mari Pekkanen-Mattila, Jyrki Rasku, Kim Larsson, Katriina Aalto-Setälä

“…To date, over 1400 mutations have been linked to HCM, mostly in genes encoding for sarcomeric proteins. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease are still largely unknown. …”
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The spatiotemporal and paradoxical roles of NRF2 in renal toxicity and kidney diseases by Yiying Bian, Jize Dong, Zhengsheng Zhou, Hua Zhou, Yuanyuan Xu, Qiang Zhang, Chengjie Chen, Jingbo Pi

“…Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a pivotal regulator of redox homeostasis, orchestrates antioxidant response that effectively counters oxidative stress and inflammatory response in a variety of acute pathophysiological conditions, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and early stage of renal toxicity. …”
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Reduced Gain and Shortened Time Constant of Vestibular Velocity Storage as a Source of Balance and Movement Sensitivities in Gravitational Insecurity by Michael Potegal, Teresa A. May-Benson, Sara Oxborough, Amy Hall, Stefanie McKnight

“…Better understanding of GrI’s pathophysiological basis will be useful in informing the larger health-provider community about this condition.…”
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A Mechanistic Study on the Non-genotoxic Carcinogenicity of the Food Contaminant Semicarbazide by Daniel P. Fitzpatrick

“…The present study is one of the first in-vitro studies to examine the relationship between sub-pathophysiological concentrations of reactive oxygen species and the anomalous non-genotoxic carcinogenicity induced by semicarbazide through the upregulation of intracellular signalling pathways. …”
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