A Look into Stem Cell Therapy: Exploring the Options for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Cesar Reis, Michael Wilkinson, Haley Reis, Onat Akyol, Vadim Gospodarev, Camila Araujo, Sheng Chen, John H. Zhang

“…This review explores the pathophysiology of NSCs on ischemic stroke, stem cell therapy studies and their effects on neurogenesis, the most recent clinical trials, and techniques to track and monitor the progress of endogenous and exogenous stem cells.…”
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Inhibition of A2B Adenosine Receptor Attenuates Intestinal Injury in a Rat Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Lie Huang, Juan Fan, Yan-Xiang Chen, Jian-Hui Wang

“…Adenosine receptor A2B (A2BR) regulates the inflammation cytokine secretion and immune cell infiltration in the colonic pathophysiology conditions. In the present study, we aim to determine the roles of A2BR in the development of NEC. …”
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Effect of High-Fat Diet on Spatial Learning and Memory and Regulatory Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in the Dentate Gyrus by LIU Huaying, DONG Wei, ZHANG Zihan, LI Yingshun, JIN Qinghua

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A Cross-Sectional Trait Versus State Biomarker Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and miRNAs in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder by Christopher Rockson, Chandrashekaran Girish, Harivenkatesh Natarajan, Vikas Menon

“…Background: Inflammatory cytokines are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nevertheless, whether they are trait or state biomarkers remains unclear. …”
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Therapeutic Potential of Agmatine in Essential Tremor Through Regulation of Lingo‐1 and Inflammatory Pathways by Zeynab Pirmoradi, Zahra Esmaili, Mohsen Nakhaie, Kristi A. Kohlmeier, Mohammad Shabani, Moazamehosadat Razavinasab, Mehran Ilaghi

“…Emerging evidence implicates leucine‐rich repeat and immunoglobulin‐like domain‐containing protein (Lingo‐1) and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of ET. This study aimed to investigate whether agmatine, a biogenic amine neuromodulator attenuates tremors and modulates the expression of Lingo‐1 and proinflammatory markers in a rodent model of ET. …”
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Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Clinical Characteristics, Psychological Factors, and Peripheral Cytokines by Hua Chu, Mark Fox, Xia Zheng, Yanyong Deng, Yanqin Long, Zhihui Huang, Lijun Du, Fei Xu, Ning Dai

“…Psychosocial factors and low-grade colonic mucosal immune activation have been suggested to play important roles in the pathophysiology of IBS. In total, 94 patients with IBS and 13 healthy volunteers underwent a 10 g lactulose hydrogen breath test (HBT) with concurrent Tc99m scintigraphy. …”
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Myeloid dendritic cells and periodontal disease association: integrated study of single-cell sequencing and Mendelian randomization analysis by ChengJi Shi, XinYi Ou, XiaoXu Lei, LiJuan Huang, ShuHao Xu, Wei Li, Xi Zhao

“…Despite advancements in therapeutic interventions and an enhanced understanding of its pathophysiology, emerging techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Mendelian randomization (MR) present new opportunities for precision medicine in the management of periodontal disease.MethodsData derived from the GSE152042 dataset underwent rigorous quality control, normalization, and dimensionality reduction using Seurat and the MonacoImmuneData framework. …”
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Shared and distinct morphometric similarity network abnormalities in generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder by Guifeng Tan, Minlan Yuan, Lun Li, Hongru Zhu, Su Lui, Changjian Qiu, Wei Zhang

“…Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence for common and distinct brain MSN abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of GAD, PTSD, and SAD, which may aid in differential diagnosis and determining potential disorder-specific intervention targets.…”
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Xiaoyao Pills Attenuate Inflammation and Nerve Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Hippocampal Neurons In Vitro by Yang Fang, Boyu Shi, Xiaobo Liu, Jie Luo, Zhili Rao, Rong Liu, Nan Zeng

“…Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are proinflammation mediators that can induce the inflammatory model of the hippocampal neuron, and neuroinflammation participates in the pathophysiology of depression. Xiaoyao Pill is a classical Chinese medicine formula that has been used for the treatment of mental disorders such as depression in China since the Song dynasty. …”
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Bothrops asper snake venom and its metalloproteinase BaP–1 activate the complement system. Role in leucocyte recruitment by Sandra H. P. Farsky, Luís Roberto C. Gonçalves, José M. Gutiérrez, Adriana P. Correa, Alexandra Rucavado, Philippe Gasque, Denise V. Tambourgi

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Comparison of characteristics and immune responses between paired human nasal and bronchial epithelial organoids by Lu Zhu, Wenhao Yang, Jiaxin Luo, Danli Lu, Yanan Hu, Rui Zhang, Yan Li, Li Qiu, Zelian Chen, Lina Chen, Hanmin Liu

“…The different regions of respiratory epithelial cells exhibit distinct immune responses, underscoring their complementary roles in exploring airway immune mechanisms and disease pathophysiology.…”
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Vitamin D associates with improved quality of life in participants with irritable bowel syndrome: outcomes from a pilot trial by Sue F Plummer, Iveta Garaiova, Elizabeth A Williams, Bernard M Corfe, Simon Tazzyman, Nicholas Richards, Andrew R Trueman, Amy L Evans, Vicky A Grant

“…Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated or implicated with the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal conditions inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, as well as with depression. …”
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Telomere Length in Elderly Caucasians Weakly Correlates with Blood Cell Counts by Ewa Gutmajster, Joanna Witecka, Magdalena Wyskida, Justyna Koscinska-Marczewska, Malgorzata Szwed, Magdalena Owczarz, Malgorzata Mossakowska, Andrzej Milewicz, Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka, Jan Zejda, Andrzej Wiecek, Jerzy Chudek, Aleksander L. Sieron

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The link between sleep bruxism and oxidative stress based on a polysomnographic study by Michal Fulek, Weronika Frosztega, Mieszko Wieckiewicz, Anna Szymanska-Chabowska, Pawel Gac, Rafal Poreba, Grzegorz Mazur, Milena Sciskalska, Marta Kepinska, Adrian Martuszewski, Helena Martynowicz

“…Sleep bruxism (SB) is a prevalent masticatory muscle activity during sleep characterized by heterogeneous etiology and inadequately recognized pathophysiology. Recent theories have proposed a potential association between SB and oxidative stress. …”
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Evaluation of fluorinated phospholipid analogs: A study on ADMET profiles, molecular docking and dynamics simulation in anticancer therapy by Saqib Ishaq, Obaid Habib, Abdul Aziz, Raheel Tahir, Hira Mushtaq, Said Hassan, Sarah Sarwar, Mohammad S. Mubarak, Ajaz Ahmad, Amin Ullah

“…Fluorinated phospholipid analogs Edelfosine and Ilmofosine drug reveal expressive potential as antineoplastic factors though targeted interaction with heat shock protein (HSP70KDa1A), an essential mediator in cancer pathophysiology. Using evolved computational approaches, this research evaluated their ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) profiles receptor binding affinities and molecular dynamics. …”
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Developing non-invasive molecular markers for early risk assessment of Alzheimer's disease by Tapas K. Sur, Tanmoy Mondal, Zarish Noreen, Jheannelle Johnson, Gail Nunlee-Bland, Christopher A. Loffredo, Brent E. Korba, Vijay Chandra, Siddhartha S. Jana, Bernard Kwabi-Addo, Sumit Sarkar, Somiranjan Ghosh

“…Current improvements have unveiled the disease's pathophysiology and clinical diagnostic tests, targeting the neurological changes (neurodegeneration, amyloid precursor protein metabolism and tangle pathology) with precise PET/MRI imaging and xMAP/SIMOA (Multiplex simultaneous detection/single molecule array) to identify and quantify β-amyloids (Aβ40, Aβ42), total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) proteins in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients. …”
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Inhibiting the alternative pathway of complement by reducing systemic complement factor B: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 studies with Sefaxersen by Michael L. McCaleb, Steven G. Hughes, Tamar R. Grossman, Ashley Frazer-Abel, Bill Jung, Lixuan Yin, Scott P. Henry, Brett P. Monia, Eugene Schneider, Richard Geary, Gary T. Brice

“…An over-active alternative complement pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases, including IgA nephropathy and geographic atrophy secondary to age related macular degeneration. …”
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Identification of MYC and STAT3 for early diagnosis based on the long noncoding RNA-mRNA network and bioinformatics in colorectal cancer by Kunhou Yao, Hao Fan, Tiancheng Yang, Can Yang, Guibin Wang, Xingwang Li, Xin-Ying Ji, Qun Wang, Shaojiang Lv, Shihao Guo

“…Validation through the HPA database further supported these findings, confirming the potential of MYC and STAT3 as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.ConclusionOur results suggest that MYC and STAT3 are promising diagnostic biomarkers for CRC, offering new insights into its pathophysiology and potential for targeted therapies.…”
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Prognostic Value of PSMB5 and Correlations with LC3II and Reactive Oxygen Species Levels in the Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells of Bortezomib-Resistant Multiple Myeloma Patients by Eva Plakoula, Georgios Kalampounias, Spyridon Alexis, Evgenia Verigou, Alexandra Kourakli, Kalliopi Zafeiropoulou, Argiris Symeonidis

“…Interactions between the proteasome, autophagy, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown in the past, thus emphasizing the need for a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. For this study, bone marrow mononuclear cells from 110 myeloma patients were collected at different disease stages. …”
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Anxiety and neurometabolite levels in the hippocampus and amygdala after prolonged exposure to predator-scent stress by O. B. Shevelev, V. E. Tseilikman, N. V. Khotskin, А. S. Khotskina, G. V. Kontsevaya, M. S. Lapshin, M. P. Moshkin, M. V. Komelkova, I. V. Feklicheva, O. B. Tseilikman, E. B. Manukhina, H. F Downey, E. L. Zavjalov

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