Case Report: A rare presentation of rapidly progressive moyamoya disease refractory to unilateral surgical revascularization by Daniel Friel Leach, Srivikram Margam S, Aaron Gustin, Paul J. Gustin, Mohamad N. Jajeh, Yhana C. Chavis, Kristin V. Walker, Joshua S. Bentley

“…Hemorrhagic stroke, headaches, and migraines can also occur secondary to the compensatory growth of fragile collateral vessels propagated by chronic cerebral ischemia. While the pathophysiology of MMD is unknown, there remain numerous clinical associations including radiation therapy to the brain, inherited genetic syndromes, hematologic disorders, and autoimmune conditions. …”
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Increased Circulatory Interleukin-17A Levels in Patients with Progressive and Leukotrichial Vitiligo by Thai Van Thanh Le, Huy Ngoc Phan, Tran Ngoc Dang, Le Duy Pham

“…Although not life-threatening, it significantly impacts quality of life. The pathophysiology of vitiligo remains poorly understood, and treatment options are limited. …”
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Mast cells: key players in digestive system tumors and their interactions with immune cells by Feihong Shu, Jie Yu, Youjia Liu, Fang Wang, Guoyou Gou, Min Wen, Chen Luo, Xianmin Lu, Yanxia Hu, Qian Du, Jingyu Xu, Rui Xie

“…They play a significant role in protecting human health and in the pathophysiology of various illnesses, including allergies, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases. …”
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Patients’ preferences on atopic dermatitis skincare and social media use: a qualitative study by Roxana Mazilu, Stefanie Ziehfreund, Stephan Traidl, Alexander Zink

“…Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiology, necessitating strict therapeutic management. …”
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Neuroligin-3 R451C induces gain-of-function gene expression in astroglia in an astroglia-enriched brain organoid model by Rui Dang, Mridul Dalmia, Ziyuan Ma, Mengmeng Jin, Kushal Aluru, Vincent R. Mirabella, Ava V. Papetti, Li Cai, Peng Jiang

“…However, studying the pathophysiology of human astroglia using brain organoid models has been hindered by inefficient astrogliogenesis. …”
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Mpox gastrointestinal manifestations: a systematic review by Rahul Ramakrishnan, Atira Shenoy, Ranganathan Madhavan, Damon Meyer

“…GI symptoms of mpox are crucial for gastroenterologists and other healthcare professionals to recognise in order to address patient discomfort and further understand the pathophysiology of the virus.…”
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Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using dual-targeted and dual-response intelligent micelles: a “three birds with one stone” strategy by Rui-Bo Guo, Lu Zhang, Yang Liu, Liang Kong, Yang Yu, Bin Yang, Zuo-Jun Wang, Jing-Yi Zhang, Xue-Tao Li

“…Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease whose pathophysiology is closely related to inflammation-associated cells and the microenvironment of inflamed joints. …”
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Investigation of Serum Cartonectin Concentrations in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; a Prospective Non-Interventional Cohort Study by Onur Gebes, İbrahim Kale, Tuba Beser Gebes, Murat Muhcu

“…Many studies with larger series are needed to reveal whether serum cartonectin is involved in the pathophysiology of GDM. …”
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Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Alleviates Brain Ischemic Injury by Regulating Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Pyroptosis, and Mitophagy by Zixuan Tan, Fang Dong, Linyu Wu, Yashuo Feng, Min Zhang, Feng Zhang

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Psychobiotics, Novel Therapeutic Agents for the Psychiatric Disorders by Praveen Reddy P., K. Sandhya, Aparna Srikantam

“…., are afflicting the people all over the world. The pathophysiology of some of these disorders is not fully understood. …”
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Prior immunity to Ureaplasma urealyticum protects against respiratory infection in immunosuppressed mice by Maha Y. Al-Jabri, Robin Patel, Derek Fleming

“…In summary, this study shows that prior exposure to live U. urealyticum provides some protection against infection with U. urealyticum.IMPORTANCEUreaplasma-induced hyperammonemia syndrome is a rare but potentially deadly complication of solid organ transplantation, especially lung transplantation. The pathophysiology of this relatively recently recognized condition is poorly understood, and it is unclear what factors may influence patient susceptibility. …”
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Carpolobia lutea methanol root extract reinstates androgenesis and testicular function in cadmium- challenged rats by Ejike, Daniel Eze, Okpa, Precious Nwaka, Igbokwe, Ugochukwu Vincent, Moses, Dele Adams, Karimah, Mohammed Rabiu, Ayikobua, Emmanuel Tiyo

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Non-lethal sonodynamic therapy mitigates hypertensive renal fibrosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1-autophagy pathway by DanDan Liu, Hui Wang, Jialong Li, Siqi Sheng, Shu Wang, Ye Tian

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Collagen deposition in lung parenchyma driven by depletion of interstitial Lyve-1+ macrophages prevents cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and loss of airway function by Yinebeb Mezgebu Dagnachew, Yinebeb Mezgebu Dagnachew, Yinebeb Mezgebu Dagnachew, Hwee Ying Lim, Hwee Ying Lim, Liao Wupeng, Liao Wupeng, Sheau Yng Lim, Sheau Yng Lim, Sheng Jie Natalie Lim, Sheng Jie Natalie Lim, Chung Hwee Thiam, Chung Hwee Thiam, Shu Wen Tan, Shu Wen Tan, Joan Lau Joo Eng, Joan Lau Joo Eng, Dan Mei, Syaza Hazwany Mohammad Azhar, Wei Siong Ong, Qi Hui Caris Tan, Wai-Shiu Fred Wong, Wai-Shiu Fred Wong, Wai-Shiu Fred Wong, Veronique Angeli, Veronique Angeli

“…Next, we investigated the effect of the collagen remodeling on the pathophysiology of COPD and airway function in mice lacking Lyve-1+ macrophages exposed chronically to cigarette smoke (CS), a well-established animal model of COPD. …”
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From Ca2+ dysregulation to heart failure: β-adrenoceptor activation by RKIP postpones molecular damages and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in mice carrying mutant PLNR9C by correct... by Theresa Brand, Bettina Tanitha Baumgarten, Sabrina Denzinger, Yvonne Reinders, Miriam Kleindl, Constanze Schanbacher, Florian Funk, Nilgün Gedik, Mahmood Jabbasseh, Petra Kleinbongard, Jan Dudek, Julia Szendroedi, Elen Tolstik, Kai Schuh, Martina Krüger, Dobromir Dobrev, Friederike Cuello, Albert Sickmann, Joachim P. Schmitt, Kristina Lorenz

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Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design. by Rachel S Gross, Tanayott Thaweethai, Erika B Rosenzweig, James Chan, Lori B Chibnik, Mine S Cicek, Amy J Elliott, Valerie J Flaherman, Andrea S Foulkes, Margot Gage Witvliet, Richard Gallagher, Maria Laura Gennaro, Terry L Jernigan, Elizabeth W Karlson, Stuart D Katz, Patricia A Kinser, Lawrence C Kleinman, Michelle F Lamendola-Essel, Joshua D Milner, Sindhu Mohandas, Praveen C Mudumbi, Jane W Newburger, Kyung E Rhee, Amy L Salisbury, Jessica N Snowden, Cheryl R Stein, Melissa S Stockwell, Kelan G Tantisira, Moriah E Thomason, Dongngan T Truong, David Warburton, John C Wood, Shifa Ahmed, Almary Akerlundh, Akram N Alshawabkeh, Brett R Anderson, Judy L Aschner, Andrew M Atz, Robin L Aupperle, Fiona C Baker, Venkataraman Balaraman, Dithi Banerjee, Deanna M Barch, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Sultana Bhuiyan, Marie-Abele C Bind, Amanda L Bogie, Tamara Bradford, Natalie C Buchbinder, Elliott Bueler, Hülya Bükülmez, B J Casey, Linda Chang, Maryanne Chrisant, Duncan B Clark, Rebecca G Clifton, Katharine N Clouser, Lesley Cottrell, Kelly Cowan, Viren D'Sa, Mirella Dapretto, Soham Dasgupta, Walter Dehority, Audrey Dionne, Kirsten B Dummer, Matthew D Elias, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Danielle N Evans, E Vincent S Faustino, Alexander G Fiks, Daniel Forsha, John J Foxe, Naomi P Friedman, Greta Fry, Sunanda Gaur, Dylan G Gee, Kevin M Gray, Stephanie Handler, Ashraf S Harahsheh, Keren Hasbani, Andrew C Heath, Camden Hebson, Mary M Heitzeg, Christina M Hester, Sophia Hill, Laura Hobart-Porter, Travis K F Hong, Carol R Horowitz, Daniel S Hsia, Matthew Huentelman, Kathy D Hummel, Katherine Irby, Joanna Jacobus, Vanessa L Jacoby, Pei-Ni Jone, David C Kaelber, Tyler J Kasmarcak, Matthew J Kluko, Jessica S Kosut, Angela R Laird, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Sean M Lang, Christine L Larson, Peter Paul C Lim, Krista M Lisdahl, Brian W McCrindle, Russell J McCulloh, Kimberly McHugh, Alan L Mendelsohn, Torri D Metz, Julie Miller, Elizabeth C Mitchell, Lerraughn M Morgan, Eva M Müller-Oehring, Erica R Nahin, Michael C Neale, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Sheila M Nolan, Carlos R Oliveira, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Matthew E Oster, R Mark Payne, Michael A Portman, Hengameh Raissy, Isabelle G Randall, Suchitra Rao, Harrison T Reeder, Johana M Rosas, Mark W Russell, Arash A Sabati, Yamuna Sanil, Alice I Sato, Michael S Schechter, Rangaraj Selvarangan, S Kristen Sexson Tejtel, Divya Shakti, Kavita Sharma, Lindsay M Squeglia, Shubika Srivastava, Michelle D Stevenson, Jacqueline Szmuszkovicz, Maria M Talavera-Barber, Ronald J Teufel, Deepika Thacker, Felicia Trachtenberg, Mmekom M Udosen, Megan R Warner, Sara E Watson, Alan Werzberger, Jordan C Weyer, Marion J Wood, H Shonna Yin, William T Zempsky, Emily Zimmerman, Benard P Dreyer, RECOVER-Pediatric Consortium

“…<h4>Importance</h4>The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. …”
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GPX3-Mediated Oxidative Stress Affects Pyrimidine Metabolism Levels in Stomach Adenocarcinoma via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway by Yaowen Zhang, Yixin Yang, Shanshan Kuang, Yang Zhang, Hancheng Qin, Jisheng Xie

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Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A Induces Inflammatory Cytokine Expression by Activating IGF-I/PI3K/Akt Pathways by Weiping Li, Hongwei Li, Li Zhou, Zijian Wang, Bing Hua

“…These findings indicate that PAPP-A may play a proinflammatory role in the pathophysiology of ACS and serve as a potential therapeutic target.…”
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Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning approach unveils potential biomarkers linking coronary atherosclerosis and fatty acid metabolism-associated gene by Hong Li, Yongyun Xu, Aiting Wang, Chuanxin Zhao, Man Zheng, Chunyan Xiang

“…Conclusions This research has successfully identified seven key FAMGs implicated in AS, offering novel insights into the pathophysiology of the disease. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of AS but also present potential biomarkers for the disease, opening avenues for more effective monitoring and progression tracking of AS.…”
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Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Treatment Options and Emerging Therapies by Michel Haagdorens, Sara Ilse Van Acker, Veerle Van Gerwen, Sorcha Ní Dhubhghaill, Carina Koppen, Marie-José Tassignon, Nadia Zakaria

“…This review focuses on limbal epithelial stem cells and the pathophysiology of LSCD. State-of-the-art therapeutic management of LSCD is described, and new and evolving techniques in ocular surface regeneration are being discussed, in particular, advantages and disadvantages of alternative cell scaffolds and cell sources for cell based ocular surface reconstruction.…”
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