Review of Interventional Therapies for Refractory Pediatric Migraine by Jacquelin Peck, Justin Zeien, Megha Patel, Elyse M. Cornett, Amnon A. Berger, Jamal Hasoon, Hisham Kassem, Jai Won Jung, Giovanni F. Ramírez, Paola Colon Fugueroa, Neil R. Singhal, Jaehong Song, Adam M. Kaye, Alan D. Kaye, Sarang S. Koushik, Natalie H. Strand, Latha Ganti

“…It covers the etiology and pathophysiology known today, and then will review treatment options, efficacy and safety, quality of data and indications. …”
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Cyclosporine and Herbal Supplement Interactions by D. Colombo, L. Lunardon, G. Bellia

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Evaluation of the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of lyophilized nerium oleander distillate by Harun Kizilay, Ahmet Levent Bas, Nuray Yazihan

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Are probiotics useful in the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation in adults? A review of existing systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and recommendations by Mikołaj Kamiński, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Igor Łoniewski, Anastasios Koulaouzidis, Wojciech Marlicz

“…Functional gastrointestinal disorders and bowel disorders, according to Rome IV criteria, result from inappropriate gut-brain interactions. The pathophysiology is complex and poorly understood, with evidence accumulating that gut microbiota can be implicated in the development and function of the enteric nervous system. …”
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PANoptosis in intestinal epithelium: its significance in inflammatory bowel disease and a potential novel therapeutic target for natural products by Chuanxiang Zhao, Shan Lin

“…A burgeoning body of evidence illustrates a landscape where IEC undergoes several the model of programmed cell death (PCD) in the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of IBD. Apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis represent the principal modalities of PCD with intricate specific pathways and molecules. …”
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A Unique Case of Autoimmune Retinopathy Associated with Anti-Alpha-Enolase Antibodies by Paul A. Kurz, Rachel E. Reem, Daryl E. Kurz, Richard G. Weleber

“…As more cases are reported, further understanding of the features and pathophysiology of this rare condition will hopefully be elucidated.…”
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Propofol Infusion Syndrome in Adults: A Clinical Update by Aibek E. Mirrakhimov, Prakruthi Voore, Oleksandr Halytskyy, Maliha Khan, Alaa M. Ali

“…Certain risk factors for the development of propofol infusion syndrome are described, such as appropriate propofol doses and durations of administration, carbohydrate depletion, severe illness, and concomitant administration of catecholamines and glucocorticosteroids. The pathophysiology of this condition includes impairment of mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids, disruption of the electron transport chain, and blockage of beta-adrenoreceptors and cardiac calcium channels. …”
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Arteriovenous Malformation of the Oral Cavity by S. M. Manjunath, Sujan Shetty, Ninad J. Moon, Bhushan Sharma, Kiran Kumar Metta, Nitin Gupta, Sandeep Goyal, Simranjit Singh

“…Subcategorized into vascular tumors and malformations, each anomaly is characterized by specific morphology, pathophysiology, clinical behavior, and management approach. …”
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Autoimmunity related to anti-Nax and anti-ZSCAN1 autoantibodies in adipsic hypernatremia by Akari Nakamura-Utsunomiya

“…On the other hand, cases without structural lesions have been reported since the 1970s, but the pathophysiology was unknown for a long time. In 2010, Hiyama et al. reported that an anti-Nax antibody response caused adipsic hypernatremia in a pediatric case with ganglioblastoma. …”
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Biochemical Markers as Predictor of Preterm Labor - and Their Clinical Relevance - the Current Status by Suneeta Singh, Madhusudhan Dey, Sanjay Singh, Shibu Sasidharan

“…With better understanding of the pathophysiology of preterm birth, various biochemical markers have been studied extensively to predict the preterm birth efficiently so as to intervene appropriately and timely in the cases that would benefit from treatment. …”
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Helicobacter pylori Infection in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Asian Countries by Su Jin Hong, Sang Woo Kim

“…Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common esophageal disease in Western countries and its prevalence is increasing in Asian countries. The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial. Although no single factor has been isolated as the cause of GERD, a negative association between the prevalence of H. pylori and the severity of GERD, including Barrett’s esophagus, has been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. …”
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The Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I by Maaike Dirckx, Marco W. J. Schreurs, Marissa de Mos, Dirk L. Stronks, Frank J. P. M. Huygen

“…Autoimmunity has been suggested as one of the pathophysiologic mechanisms that may underlie complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). …”
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A Rare Case of Paraneoplastic Syndrome Presented with Severe Gastroparesis due to Ganglional Loss by Konstantinos N. Argyriou, Martin Peters, Javaid Ishtiaq, Santosh Enaganti

“…In our report, so as to increase the clinical awareness of this rare clinical entity, we present the case of a 70-year-old Caucasian female who presented in our hospital with severe gastroparesis that was later proven to be associated with an overt small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and we discuss the existing knowledge of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of this disorder.…”
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A Case of Anorexia Nervosa with Focal Cortical Dysplasia by Hiroki Nemoto, Kazuo Imagawa, Takashi Enokizono, Yosuke Masuda, Masayuki Ide, Takuma Deguchi, Monami Hara, Atsushi Morita, Takahiro Kido, Mai Tanaka, Tatsuyuki Ohto, Hidetoshi Takada

“…In males with AN, the search for underlying disease is particularly important. The pathophysiology of the association between AN and FCD is unclear. …”
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Abdominal Adiposity Correlates with Adenotonsillectomy Outcome in Obese Adolescents with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Gustavo Nino, Maria J. Gutierrez, Anjani Ravindra, Cesar L. Nino, Carlos E. Rodriguez-Martinez

“…Obese adolescents with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) have a unique pathophysiology that combines adenotonsillar hypertrophy and increased visceral fat distribution. …”
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Periodontitis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential by Meng L, Wen W

“…Leilei Meng,1,2 Wenjie Wen1 1Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Application, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenjie Wen, Email 20230025@wnmc.edu.cnAbstract: Diabetic periodontitis is a common oral complication of diabetes characterized by progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. …”
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Advancing Insights into Large-Artery Stiffening in Humans Through the Application of Multi-omics by Marie-Joe Dib

“…This review aims to (i) provide an overview of insights from genetic research on LAS pathophysiology, and explore the scope of next-generation sequencing methods in the field arterial research; (ii) shed light on the utility of emerging state-of-the-art multi-omics approaches to unravel mechanisms underlying LAS to identify candidate therapeutic targets; (iii) highlight the potential of emerging state-of-the-art integrative multi-omics, motivating their use to address current gaps in understanding sex- and ancestry-specific mechanisms of LAS.…”
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EEG Microstate as a Marker of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis by M. Rubega, E. Passarotto, M. Paramento, E. Formaggio, S. Masiero

“…The pathophysiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is not yet fully understood, but multifactorial hypotheses have been proposed that include defective central nervous system (CNS) control of posture, biomechanics, and body schema alterations. …”
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Effect of intraocular pressure on the hemodynamics of the central retinal artery: A mathematical model by Giovanna Guidoboni, Alon Harris, Lucia Carichino, Yoel Arieli, Brent A. Siesky

“…Retinal hemodynamics plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases.There are clear evidences that the hemodynamics of the central retinal artery (CRA) is strongly affected by the level of intraocular pressure (IOP), which is the pressure inside the eye globe. …”
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Evaluating Traditional Chinese Medicine and Herbal Products for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Yang Xin Zi Xu, Shengyan Xi, Xiaoyan Qian

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