Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches by Yang-Jin Shen, Yin-Cheng Huang, Yi-Chuan Cheng

“…It emphasizes the limitations of single-regimen approaches, particularly their limited efficacy and suboptimal delivery to injured spinal cord tissue, while highlighting the synergistic potential of combination therapies that integrate multiple modalities to address the multifaceted pathophysiology of SCI. By analyzing emerging trends and current limitations, this review identifies key challenges and proposes future directions, including the refinement of antioxidant delivery systems, the development of multi-targeted approaches, and strategies to overcome the structural complexities of the spinal cord. …”
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Hypoadiponectinemia: A Link between Visceral Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome by Tiziana Di Chiara, Christiano Argano, Salvatore Corrao, Rosario Scaglione, Giuseppe Licata

“…Accordingly, the “hypoadiponectinemia” has been proposed as the most interesting new hypothesis to explain the pathophysiology of MetS.…”
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Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis: Hidden in Plain Sight by Constantine N. Logothetis, Joel Fernandez, Damian A. Laber

“…Each of these have a distinct pathophysiology, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and prognosis. …”
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Comparison of NLR (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet/lymphocyte ratio) as inflammatory markers in 1st episode mania and bipolar mania: A preliminary study by Manish K. Goyal, Ram K. Solanki, Akhilesh Jain, Kuldeep S. Yadav

“…Conclusion: Results suggest a possible inflammatory pathophysiology of mania. Psychotropic medicines may have an anti-inflammatory effect, signified by the fact that 1st episode mania group has a greater level of inflammation in comparison to bipolar mania.…”
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Aducanumab, a Novel Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibody, for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comprehensive Review by Hannah W Haddad, Garett W. Malone, Nicholas J. Comardelle, Arielle E. Degueure, Adam M. Kaye, Alan D. Kaye

“…This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, presentation, and current treatment of AD followed by the role of the novel monoclonal antibody, aducanumab, in treatment of AD. …”
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The Role of Methylation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Prognostic and Therapeutic Impacts in the Disease: A Systematic Review by Sevastianos Chatzidavid, Christina-Nefeli Kontandreopoulou, Nefeli Giannakopoulou, Panagiotis T. Diamantopoulos, Christos Stafylidis, Marie-Christine Kyrtsonis, Maria Dimou, Panayiotis Panayiotidis, Nora-Athina Viniou

“…The findings included genes and proteins involved in key pathways that play central roles in the pathophysiology of the disease. Τhe application of these findings beyond the theoretical understanding can not only lead to the creation of prognostic and predictive models and scores but also to the design of novel therapeutic agents. …”
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Classification and Characteristics of Pain Associated with Parkinson’s Disease by Marcelo Rezende Young Blood, Marcelo Machado Ferro, Renato Puppi Munhoz, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive, Carlos Henrique Ferreira Camargo

“…Although pain in DP is common and a significant source of disability, its clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, classification, and management remain to be defined.…”
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Central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: updates on diagnosis and management by Kathryn Flynn, Jennifer Hatfield, Kevin Brown, Nicole Vietor, Thanh Hoang

“…The main branchpoints in pathophysiology depend on the level of ADH pathology: the brain or the kidneys. …”
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The Role of Autophagy in Erectile Dysfunction by Changjing Wu, Yang Xiong, Fudong Fu, Fuxun Zhang, Feng Qin, Jiuhong Yuan

“…Autophagy controls cell quality and survival by eliminating intracellular dysfunction substances, and plays an important role in various pathophysiology processes. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male disease. …”

Prenatally Diagnosed Testicular Torsion: A Rare Condition That Causes Dilemma in Management by Michael Gerbo, Chad Crigger, Yasamin Samadi, Michael C. Ost, Osama Al-Omar

“…As a result, incidence is unknown, and there exists no consensus regarding the pathophysiology of this phenomenon nor universally recognized algorithms and guidelines regarding its diagnosis and management. …”
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Effect of Hemin on Brain Alterations and Neuroglobin Expression in Water Immersion Restraint Stressed Rats by Merhan Ragy, Fatma Ali, Maggie M. Ramzy

“…In the brain, the heme oxygenase (HO) system has been reported to be very active and its modulation seems to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Hemin as HO-1 inducer has been shown to attenuate neuronal injury so the goal of this study was to assess the effect of hemin therapy on the acute stress and how it would modulate neurological outcome. …”
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Incontinence and Erectile Dysfunction Following Radical Prostatectomy: A Review by Gerasimos Alivizatos, Andreas Skolarikos

“…We reviewed recent data available on Medline regarding the incidence, pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment of incontinence and sexual dysfunction after radical prostatectomy. …”
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Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidases and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Vittoria Cammisotto, Emanuele Valeriani, Pasquale Pignatelli, Francesco Violi

“…Although liver lipid accumulation represents the first hit for MASLD, the pathophysiology of its development and progression to MASH remains not completely understood. …”
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Arterial Stiffness and Dialysis Calcium Concentration by Fabrice Mac-Way, Amélie Leboeuf, Mohsen Agharazii

“…Although the clinical consequence of aortic stiffness has been clearly established, its pathophysiology in various clinical conditions still remains poorly understood. …”
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Parkinsonian Symptomatology May Correlate with CT Findings before and after Shunting in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus by Mitsuaki Ishii, Toshio Kawamata, Ichiro Akiguchi, Hideo Yagi, Yuko Watanabe, Toshiyuki Watanabe, Hideaki Mashimo

“…The canonical correlation analysis between the CT findings and the shunt-responsive Parkinsonian features indicated that Evans index rather than midbrain diameters had a large influence on the postural stability. Thus, the pathophysiology of postural instability as a cardinal feature of gait disturbance may be associated with impaired frontal projections close to the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles in the iNPH patients.…”
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Recurrent Catatonia due to Episodic Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder by Soumitra Das, Sakshi Prasad, Palak Atul Fichadia, Abhigan Babu Shrestha, Ozge C. Amuk Williams, Anil Bachu

“…Additionally, robust studies are needed in order to determine the pathophysiology of catatonia and the mechanism of ECT so that more beneficial therapeutics can be developed. …”
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Dysphotopsia after uneventful phacoemulsification by Mohammed A. Mohammed

“…Subjectively, patients were asked about dysphotopsia symptoms 1 month after surgery, and their symptoms were improved with conservative treatment. We reviewed pathophysiology and various treatment modalities that are accessible, such as observation, nonsurgical correction options such as conservative management, medication-assisted miosis, optical correction, and surgical correction options as a last resort for serious cases. …”
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Fatigue in Parkinson’s disease—A narrative review by Baikuntha Panigrahi, Kanchana S. Pillai, Divya M. Radhakrishnan, Roopa Rajan, Achal K. Srivastava

“…Central fatigue, which can be divided into mental and physical subtypes, manifests as persistent exhaustion without peripheral motor deficits. The pathophysiology of central fatigue in PD is complex. It involves dysfunction in the striato–limbic–serotonergic system, imbalance of neurotransmitters (dopamine and serotonin), as well as hypoconnectivity in the supplementary motor area and hyperconnectivity in the default mode network. …”
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Genome Stability Pathways in Head and Neck Cancers by Glenn Jenkins, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Benedict Panizza, Derek J. Richard

“…Development and expansion of current genomic stability models is furthering our understanding of HNSCC pathophysiology and uncovering new, promising treatment strategies.…”
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Therapeutic Options for the Management of the Cardiorenal Syndrome by Katerina Koniari, Marinos Nikolaou, Ioannis Paraskevaidis, John Parissis

“…Although it is a frequent clinical entity due to the improved survival of heart failure patients, still its pathophysiology is not well understood, and thus its therapeutic approach remains controversial and sometimes ineffective. …”
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