Pediatric Infectious Prepatellar Bursitis with Kingella kingae by Charles C. Pitts, Walter R. Smith, Michael J. Conklin

“…Our case also builds upon prior literature suggesting that the pathophysiology of septic bursitis in children differs from that of the adult and may be more comparable to that of pediatric osteomyelitis. …”
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Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report with Review of the Literature and Classic Histopathology by Mark Weitzel, Jason E. Cohn, Harvey Spector

“…We will discuss the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of such neoplasms.…”
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Pattern Strabismus: Where Does the Brain's Role End and the Muscle's Begin? by Fatema F. Ghasia, Aasef G. Shaikh

“…In this review, we will examine our current understanding of etiologies of pattern strabismus. Speculated pathophysiology includes oblique muscle dysfunction, loss of fusion with altered recti muscle pull, displacements and instability in connective tissue pulleys of the recti muscles, vestibular hypofunction, and abnormal neural connections. …”
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Chronic Hepatitis with Liver Granulomas in a Patient with Granuloma Annulare: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Majid Alsahafi, Mohammed I. AlJasser, Sunil Kalia, H. M. Yang, Alnoor Ramji

“…Based on the possible immune pathophysiology of GA and the presence of liver granulomas, the patient was treated with prednisone and azathioprine which resulted in complete normalization of the liver enzymes and concurrent improvement of GA. …”
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Experimental Modeling and Treatment Strategies for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis by Aras Emre Canda, Tolga Sever

“…The advancement of our comprehension of the pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies for PC hinges on utilizing experimental models. …”
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Spontaneous Acquired Diaphragmatic Hernia: Case Series and Review of Literature by Yeshwant Lamture, Siddharth P. Dubhashi, Deepali Shetty

“…CDH usually leads to lung hypoplasia associated with pulmonary hypertension and immaturity, as well as cardiac dysfunction. In ADH, pathophysiology is secondary to herniation and its pressure effects. …”
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Challenges Associated with Negative Pressure Pulmonary Oedema: A Case Report and Review by Wing Hoh Loo, Kay Mint Goh

“…Despite the complexity of diagnosis, the pathophysiology and management of NPPO have been extensively studied. …”
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Pain Management in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders by Antonio Vigano, Eduardo Bruera

“…Because of its unclear pathophysiology, pain expression is the main target for the successful assessment and management of symptomatic FGID. …”
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Diffuse Spontaneous Laryngeal Hemorrhage with Trastuzumab by Lauren Klute, Matthew Solverson, Christopher M. Bingcang, Jayme R. Dowdall

“…In this case report, we suggest that trastuzumab emtansine played a contributory role in the development of diffuse epithelial laryngeal hemorrhage and describe the pathophysiology, history, laryngoscopic findings, and management of this condition.…”
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In search of Alzheimer’s disease treatment methods: trends of clinical trials by G. Pakulaitė, V. Regelskytė, E. Audronytė, J. Kuzmickienė, G. Kaubrys

“…The factors include incomplete understanding of AD pathophysiology, limited agent access to the central nervous system, and lack of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers. …”
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Lower gastrointestinal bleeding, vomiting and weight stagnation in a well-appearing neonate with neonatal transient eosinophilic gastroenterocolitis by Bernat Servitje-Verdaguer, Clara Comalrena-de-Sobregrau-Martínez, Carmen-María Sánchez-Molina, Joan-Carles Ferreres-Piñas, Núria Torre-Monmany, Diana García-Tirado

“…The condition’s proposed pathophysiology and relationship to similar conditions, alongside clinical and therapeutic approaches, are also discussed. …”
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Neuroinflammation at the Dorsolateral Inferior Medulla: A Possible Central Nervous System Localization for POTS and Long COVID by Svetlana Blitshteyn

“…Both postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and Long COVID are currently viewed as heterogeneous disorders with complex, multi-factorial and multi-systemic pathophysiology. POTS, one of the most common autonomic disorders, is a frequent sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection. …”
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Modeling challenges of hepatitis D virus kinetics during bulevirtide-based therapy by Adquate Mhlanga, Ori Wasserman, Pietro Lampertico, Scott J. Cotler, Harel Dahari

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A review of gut microbiota as a therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease by Debosree Ghosh, Suvendu Ghosh, Madhurima Sharma, Sutapa Datta

“…Research studies suggest that an altered gut microbiota (GM) plays a key role in PD pathophysiology. Gut dysbiosis compromises the integrity of the intestinal epithelium, increasing gastrointestinal permeability. …”
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Perioperative Identification of an Accessory Fissure of the Right Lung by Yannick Taverne, Gert-Jan Kleinrensink, Peter de Rooij

“…Morphological presentation is of clinical importance and profound knowledge of the organogenesis and functional anatomy is imperative for the interpretation and evaluation of lung pathophysiology and subsequent surgical intervention. …”
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Recurrent Occipital Seizures with Transient MRI Changes by Mohankumar Kurukumbi, Allison Jacobs

“…Peri-ictal MRI findings are a known phenomenon with unknown pathophysiology, although attempts have been made to understand these findings. …”
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Mushrooms, Microdosing, and Mental Illness: The Effect of Psilocybin on Neurotransmitters, Neuroinflammation, and Neuroplasticity by Kinderlehrer DA

“…Microdosing psilocybin in sub-hallucinogenic doses has also demonstrated benefit in mood disorders, and may offer a safe, less expensive, and more available alternative to full doses of psilocybin for mood disorders, as well as for other medical conditions in which inflammation is the principal pathophysiology.Keywords: Psilocybin, psilocin, microdose, depression, anxiety, neuroinflammation, anti-inflammatory…”
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Torsion of Fatty Appendage of Falciform Ligament: Acute Abdomen in a Child by Caroline Maccallum, Sarah Eaton, Daniel Chubb, Stephen Franzi

“…It can be recognised on ultrasound or CT scan. The pathophysiology is the same as that involved in the more common torsion and/or infarction of the greater omentum or epiploic appendages. …”
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New Targets of Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke by Marco Bacigaluppi, Dirk M. Hermann

“…Starting with recent findings about the pathophysiology of stroke and presenting an overview on current experimental models of this clinically highly relevant neurological disease, this paper will provide an overview on existing and emerging treatment concepts in ischemic stroke. …”
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor – a key player in the gastrointestinal system by Arjun Singh

“…Dysregulation of BDNF signalling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various GI disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and diabetic gastroenteropathy. …”
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