NETosis Secondary to the Use of Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine: A Likely Underlying Mechanism of Vasculopathy by Manuela Osorio, Isabel Velásquez, Ruben Vargas, Adriana Vanegas-García, Mauricio Rojas, Gloria Vásquez, Carlos Muñoz-Vahos

“…Given its similarity to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, LAC-associated vasculopathy is postulated to be mediated by pathophysiologic processes resulting from neutrophil cell death by NETosis, a phenomenon previously described in ANCA vasculitis. …”
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E46K α-Synuclein Mutation Fails to Promote Neurite Outgrowth by Not Inducing Cdc42EP2 Expression, Unlike Wild-Type or A53T α-Synuclein in SK-N-SH Cells by Hyunja Jung, Seonghan Kim

“…Background/Objectives: α-Synuclein (α-syn) protein is a major pathological agent of familial Parkinson’s disease (PD), and its levels and aggregations determine neurotoxicity in PD pathogenesis. Although the pathophysiological functions of α-syn have been extensively studied, its biological functions remain elusive, and there are reports of wild-type (WT) α-syn and two missense mutations of α-syn (A30P and A53T) inducing protective neuritogenesis through neurite outgrowth. …”
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Association between prior tuberculosis disease and dysglycemia within an HIV-endemic, rural South African population. by Alison C Castle, Susanne S Hoeppner, Itai M Magodoro, Urisha Singh, Yumna Moosa, Ingrid V Bassett, Emily B Wong, Mark J Siedner, Vukuzazi Study Team

“…However, we found a significant interaction between prior TB and HIV status among men, suggesting distinct pathophysiological mechanisms between the two infections that may impact glucose metabolism. …”
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Modern view on the treatment of diabetic macular edema by A.V. Shelankova, M.V. Budzinskaya, I.V. Andreeva

“…However, the choice of the treatment for DME is still controversial among vitreoretinal specialists. The pathophysiological process of DME development includes several mechanisms associated with chronic hyperglycemia. …”
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Oral manifestations of dengue virus infection: a scoping review for clinical dental practice by Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Stefan Kickhofel Weisshahn, Eduarda Thome do Carmo, Bruna Cavalcante Chaves, Mateus de Azevedo Kinalski, Nícolas Kickhofel Weisshahn, Sarah Arangurem Karam

“…Further research is needed to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these manifestations and to develop standardized protocols for clinical assessment and management. …”
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Bariatric surgery and LDL cholesterol (BASALTO) trial study protocol: randomised controlled study evaluating the effect of gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy on high LDL chol... by David Benaiges, Albert Goday, Juana A Flores-Le Roux, Montserrat Fitó, Oscar Pozo, Jose Rodríguez-Morató, Carme Serra, Manuel Pera, Gemma Llauradó, Elisenda Climent, Olga Castañer, Jose M Ramon, Juan Pedro-Botet

“…Secondary objectives were (1) to compare changes in other lipoproteins and LDL composition and (2) to study the pathophysiologic mechanisms related to LDL cholesterol remission.Methods and analysis A randomised clinical trial, with intention-to-treat analysis, will be conducted to compare LDL cholesterol remission between gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, with a 12-month follow-up. …”
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Deep Learning-Based Fully Automatic Segmentation of the Paranasal Sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Using Computed Tomographic Images by Yuhang Wang, Xiaolei Zhang, Weidong Du, Na Dai, Yi Lyv, Keying Wu, Yiyang Tian, Yuxin Jie, Yu Lin, Weipiao Kang

“…Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), as one of the most common chronic nasal inflammations, has been a major research focus in the field of rhinology due to its complex and varied pathophysiological features and suboptimal clinical treatment outcomes. …”
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Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling in septic and non-septic patients with similar infections: potential use as sepsis biomarkers by Ian López-Cruz, Ian López-Cruz, José Luis García-Giménez, José Luis García-Giménez, José Luis García-Giménez, Manuel Madrazo, Manuel Madrazo, Judit García-Guallarte, Laura Piles, Federico V. Pallardó, Federico V. Pallardó, Federico V. Pallardó, Arturo Artero, Arturo Artero

“…Our results suggest that DNA methylation changes are closely linked to the pathophysiological processes of sepsis, influencing immune cell activation, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. …”
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Different post-pancreatectomy glucagon responses to a meal test between surgical approaches by Tsuguka Matsuda, Natsumi Himeno, Akira Nakashima, Naoya Nakagawa, Toshihiko Kohashi, Dan Kawamori, Nozomu Kamei

“…In this study, we assessed the changes in pancreatic glucagon secretion during pancreatectomy to determine their pathophysiological significance. We evaluated glucagon and insulin secretion using a liquid meal tolerance test before and after pancreatectomy in patients scheduled to undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or distal pancreatectomy (DP). …”
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Effects of Age and Sex on Systemic Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Function in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes by Jody Dushay, Eva S. Rickers, Enya Wang, Jessica Gilman, Ying Zhang, Ron Blankstein, Ernest V. Gervino, Michael Jerosch‐Herold, Aristidis Veves

“…Conclusions The pathophysiological manifestations of T2D on vascular function and aerobic exercise capacity are distinct in older men and women, and this may reflect underlying differences in vascular and myocardial aging in the presence of T2D.…”
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The Effects of MicroRNAs on Cardiomyopathy in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus by Aslıhan Şeyda DOĞAN, Mukaddes PALA, Şenay GÖRÜCÜ YILMAZ, Ayfer BECEREN, Aydın KARABULUT, Yalçın POLAT, Hatice Kübra ELÇİOĞLU

“…Objective: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by complex pathophysiological events. miRNAs play a role in the DCM. …”
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Comparative analysis between abdominal aortic aneurysm and popliteal artery aneurysm by Marcos Vinícius Melo de Oliveira, MD, PhD, Alexandre Malta Brandão, MD, PhD, Gina Camillo Rocha Silvestre, BS, Alexandre Queiroz Silva, BS, Michele Alberto Marques, BS, Marcia Martins Reis, PhD, Maria de Lourdes Higuchi, MD, PhD, Erasmo Simão da Silva, MD, PhD

“…Clinical Relevance: The clinical significance of this study lies in its potential to enhance our understanding of the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms underlying abdominal aortic aneurysms, which is often associated with rupture, and popliteal artery aneurysms, which are more prone to thrombosis and distal embolization. …”
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Associated with Increased Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation: A Meta Analysis by E. A. Trush, A. E. Karchevskaya, R. V. Maslennikov, E. A. Poluektova, O. S. Shifrin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Studies of association between genetic polymorphisms and IBS can help in understanding the key pathophysiological mechanisms. To date, 11 meta-analyses on this issue have been published, however, none of them comprehensively summarize the data on the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in IBS with predominant constipation (IBS-C).Aim: to summarize the published data on the impact of genetic polymorphisms on the risk of IBS-C.Materials and methods. …”
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Role of metabolic characteristics in the co-occurrence of insomnia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study by Chengyong Liu, Chi Wang, Jing Jiang, Yuyang Bo, Lixiu Nan, Ying Zhang, Kongxi Zhu, Xiaoqiu Wang, Xinxin Feng, Xiaoyang Lian, Shan Qin

“…ObjectiveThere reportedly exists a significant comorbidity between insomnia and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), indicative of a potential link to serum metabolic dysregulation.MethodTo elucidate shared pathophysiological mechanisms between insomnia and AD/PD, we performed comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, investigating 1,400 serum metabolic characteristics for their causal relationships with the risks of insomnia, AD, widely defined AD (WDAD), and PD. …”
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Epigenetic alterations of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 gene in the adipose tissue of patients with primary aldosteronism by Yoshimichi Takeda, Masashi Demura, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Shigehiro Karashima, Daisuke Aono, Seigo Konishi, Shin-ichi Horike, Makiko Meguro-Horike, Takashi Yoneda, Yoshiyu Takeda

“…HSD11B1 expression is partly controlled by an epigenetic mechanism in human tissues. The pathophysiological role of epigenetic regulation of HSD11B1 expression in adipose tissue requires further study.…”
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MicroRNA-451a is a candidate biomarker and therapeutic target for major depressive disorder by Yan Chen, Yun Liu, Ming Xiao, Chun Wang, Panpan Hu, Qiuchen Cao, Hu Feng, Jingfan Xu, Weixi Feng, Huaiqing Sun, Huachen Ding, Junying Gao

“…Background Increasing evidence supports the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in major depressive disorder (MDD), but the pathophysiological mechanism remains elusive.Aims To explore the mechanism of microRNA-451a (miR-451a) in the pathology and behaviours of depression.Methods Abnormal miRNAs such as miR-451a reported previously in the serum of patients with MDD were screened and then confirmed in a mouse model of depression induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS). …”
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Effect of antioxidant capsule supplementation on oxidative stress markers in hypertensive patients by Novaes-Gaeta Ludmila N., Moraes Mariele C., Katayama Keyla Y., Sangaletti Carine T., Irigoyen Maria Claudia, Freitas Sarah, Viana Ariane, de Angelis Katia, Caldini Elia G., Lopes Heno F.

“…Oxidative stress constitutes an intermediate pathophysiological mechanism for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. …”
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Body composition, mitochondrial oxygen metabolism and metabolome of patients with obesity before and after bariatric surgery (COMMITMENT): protocol for a monocentric prospective co... by Sina M Coldewey, Charles Neu, Philipp Baumbach, Utz Settmacher, Kornel Skitek, Hermann Kissler, Ricardo Esper Treml

“…Obesity is viewed as a systemic disease with pathophysiological mechanisms on the molecular level. Dysfunction of the mitochondrion and systemic low-grade inflammation are among the proposed causes for the metabolic changes. …”
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Liraglutide Enhances the Activity of the ACE-2/Ang(1–7)/Mas Receptor Pathway in Lungs of Male Pups from Food-Restricted Mothers and Prevents the Reduction of SP-A by J. Fandiño, A. A. Vaz, L. Toba, M. Romaní-Pérez, L. González-Matías, F. Mallo, Y. Diz-Chaves

“…The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be a key target underlying pathophysiological lung alterations. GLP-1 and agonists of its receptor modulate the expression levels of different components of RAS and also are very important for lung maturation and the production of surfactant proteins. …”
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Factors associated with risk analysis for asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease by Yajuan Gao, Shengnan Chen, Jiani Fu, Cui Wang, Yali Tang, Yongbai Luo, Xiaozhen Zhuo, Xueying Chen, Yan Shen

“…The main pattern of HF in CKD patients is preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is a frequent pathophysiological mechanism and specific preclinical manifestation of HFpEF. …”
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