The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signaling pathway (sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and its receptor, sphingosine kinase) and epilepsy by Lin Wang, Qingxia Kong, Xinyi Leng, Howan Leung, Yang Li

“…The brains of people with epilepsy exhibit a pathological and persistent propensity for recurrent seizures. …”
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Metagenomics and Faecal Metabolomics Integrative Analysis towards the Impaired Glucose Regulation and Type 2 Diabetes in Uyghur-Related Omics by Rebiya Nuli, Jureti Azhati, Junxiu Cai, Aizhatiguli Kadeer, Bing Zhang, Patamu Mohemaiti

“…The results provide a theoretical basis for studying the pathological mechanism for further research.…”
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REDD1 mediates HDM-induced nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation and release of IL-33 in airway epithelial cells by downregulating Nrf2 by Tian Luo, Wentao Ji, Yuxin Gong, Lichang Chen, Chao Liu, Dandan Zhang, Xi Li, Yanhua Lv

“…Conclusion This study reveals the crucial regulatory role of the REDD1-Nrf2-IL-33 axis in the pathological process of bronchial asthma. REDD1 modulates the expression of IL-33 and other inflammatory factors through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby influencing the onset and progression of asthma. …”
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Outcomes after Surgery for Malignant Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors by Omar Hama Ghalib Azeez Hawramy, Karzan Seerwan Abdullah, Barham M.M. Salih, Qalandar Hussein A. Kasnazani, Dana Taib Gharib, Dara Ahmed Mohammed

“…Does the surgery play a significant role in the best patient’s interest even in metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors? Clinical and pathological factors that changed the outcomes were also analyzed. …”
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Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Neutral Sphinghomyelinase2 (nSMase2) Inhibitor Prodrugs in Mice and Dogs by Arina Ranjit, Chae Bin Lee, Lukáš Tenora, Vijaya Saradhi Mettu, Arindom Pal, Jesse Alt, Barbara S. Slusher, Rana Rais

“…<b>Background</b>: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry pathological cargo, contributing to disease progression. …”
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PDE4B promotes ferroptosis in nucleus pulposus cells and is involved in intervertebral disc degeneration by Weixing Xu, Rana Dhar, Danyang Zheng, Qi Peng, Yue Li, Sheng Mei, Huifang Tang

“…Our study suggested that aberrant PDE4B activation in NP tissues induces pathological changes in IDD mediated by ferroptosis, and PDE4 inhibitor reveres the process of IDD by suppressing ferroptosis, and has a synergic effect with ferroptosis inhibitor. …”
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The Role of β-Catenin in Th1 Immune Response against Tuberculosis and Profiles of Expression in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Kunlong Xiong, Jinxia Niu, Ruijuan Zheng, Zhonghua Liu, Yanzheng Song, Lin Wang, Changtai Zhu, Lin Fan

“…CD4, CD8, β-catenin, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in mononuclear cells from the lungs and spleens were measured by flow cytometry, and the pathological changes of lungs were also observed. Patients with PTB were enrolled, with blood samples collected and PBMCs isolated. …”
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Triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of cohort studies by Xiyun Rao, Ziyi Xin, Qingwen Yu, Lanlan Feng, Yongmin Shi, Ting Tang, Xuhan Tong, Siqi Hu, Yao You, Shenghui Zhang, Jiake Tang, Xingwei Zhang, Mingwei Wang, Ling Liu

“…Numerous cohort studies are needed to further validate and elucidate the pathologic role between Tyg-BMI and CVD and to determine whether it can be incorporated into CVD risk prediction tools to enhance predictive accuracy.…”
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Nomogram prediction of overall survival in breast cancer patients post-surgery: integrating SEER database and multi-center evidence from China by Yufen Zheng, Yuan Yuan, Minya Jin, Chunlong Wu

“…Model predictive performance was evaluated using C-index, AUC, calibration curves, and decision curves during internal and external validation.ResultsMultivariable Cox regression analysis identified age, pathological grade, AJCC stage, ER status, PR status, and HER2 status as independent prognostic factors used in the nomogram construction. …”
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Nontuberculous mycobacterium occurrence in biological material and environmental samples covered by epidemiological surveillance in the Republic of Dagestan by M. O. Baratov

“…Thirty-nine cultures were isolated from the pathological material; of these, 7 (17.9%) were identified as Mycobacterium bovis and 32 (82.1%) were identified as atypical mycobacteria. …”
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Effect of Activated Platelet-Rich Plasma on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Zhen Wang, Zheng Wang, Bin Zhang, Qinghua Zhao, Yubao Liu, Wei Qi

“…Morphological and pathological assessments were performed by the blind observer. …”
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Characteristics of TSPO expression in marmoset EAE by Irene Falk, Dragan Maric, Emily Leibovitch, Pascal Sati, Jennifer Lefeuvre, Nicholas J. Luciano, Joseph Guy, Seung-Kwon Ha, David R. Owen, Franklin Aigbirhio, Paul M. Matthews, Daniel S. Reich, Steven Jacobson

“…However, its specific pathological significance in humans is not well understood. …”
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IL-13 Augments Histone Demethylase JMJD2B/KDM4B Expression Levels, Activity, and Nuclear Translocation in Airway Fibroblasts in Asthma by Khuloud Bajbouj, Mahmood Y. Hachim, Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan, Huwaida Fazel, Jumana Mustafa, Shahed Alzaghari, Mahmoud Eladl, Jasmin Shafarin, Ronald Olivenstein, Qutayba Hamid

“…This study highlights the novel pathological involvement of the histone demethylase JMJD2B/KDM4B in asthmatic airway fibroblasts that are regulated by IL-13. …”
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The effects of Bifidobacterium animalis QC08 on reducing uric acid level and providing renal protection in mice with hyperuricemia by Huijia Mao, Yang Fan, Fang Tan, Xingyao Long

“…Additionally, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological changes in renal tissue were examined through hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining.ResultsIn vivo experimental results indicated that compared with the normal group, the serum UA, Cr, and BUN levels, as well as the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β), and the activities of hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were significantly elevated in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). …”
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Characterization of gene expression profiles in Alzheimer's disease and osteoarthritis: A bioinformatics study. by Nian Liu, Qian Deng, Zining Peng, Danning Mao, Yuanbo Huang, Fanyu Meng, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jiayan Shen, Zhaofu Li, Weitian Yan, Jiangyun Peng

“…Notably, EFEMP2 and TSPO, genes associated with inflammatory responses, showed lower expression levels in both AD and OA patients, suggesting a downregulation in the pathological backgrounds of these diseases. Additionally, GABARAPL1, which is crucial for the maturation of autophagosomes, was found to be upregulated in both conditions. …”
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ANALYSIS OF GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INFLUENZA VIRUS A/CHICKEN/CHELYABINSK/30/2019 H9N2 ISOLATED IN CHELYABINSK OBLAST by N. G. Zinyakov, Щю S. Osipova, P. B. Akshalova, V. Yu. Sosipatorova, A. V. Andriyasov, D. B. Andreychuk, I. A. Chvala

“…The paper presents data on the study of genetic characteristics of the infl uenza virus A/chicken/ Chelyabinsk/30/2019 H9N2 isolated from pathological material (chicken internal organs) in February 2019 and received from the poultry farm in the Chelyabinsk Oblast. …”
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Morphological features of bovine placenta in case of viral, bacterial and protozoal infections by O. V. Sokolova, L. I. Drozdova, I. A. Shkuratova

“…Chlamydia abortus intrauterine  infection in the “mother – placenta – fetus” system in cows causes a complex of destructive morphological and functional changes of an infectious and toxic nature with a pronounced inflammatory reaction, involvement of blood vessels in the pathological process, and endothelial dysfunction development,  alongside with tissue necrosis in case of a chronic process. …”
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Da-Chuan-Xiong Decoction Ameliorates Sodium Sensitivity and Plasma Norepinephrine via Attenuation of Brain Oxidative Stress in the DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats by Qi Zhang, Hao Li, Shan Zhao, Fangfang Li, Yingying Tan

“…The 28 days of DCXD (5 g/kg) treatment significantly reduced the increased BP effectively, inhibited the enhanced heart index, kidney index, and 24 h urinary protein, and improved the progressive pathological changes of heart and kidney, which was comparable to that of the positive control amlodipine. …”
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Investigation of Scutellaria Barbata’s immunological mechanism against thyroid cancer using network pharmacology and experimental validation by Gen Ouyang, Yuangui Zhu, Zhehao Ouyang

“…TCGA data indicated that SPP1 is highly expressed in TC and is associated with diagnosis, pathological stage, N stage, and gender of TC patients. …”
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Epidemiology of Avian Tuberculosis in Selected Districts of Oromia Region, Ethiopia by Tesfaye Debelu, Fufa Abunna, Gezahegne Mamo Kassa, Gobena Ameni

“…Moreover, 40.9% (9/22) of positive reactor chickens sacrificed for necropsy showed gross pathological lesions. Similarly, histopathological examination revealed a granuloma characterized by central necrosis and peripheral mononuclear lymphocytes. …”
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