An Overview of the Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Gut Infections and Inflammation by Silvia Sedda, Irene Marafini, Michele M. Figliuzzi, Francesco Pallone, Giovanni Monteleone

“…Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of hematopoietic cells devoid of antigen receptors that have important functions in lymphoid organogenesis, in the defense against extracellular pathogens, and in the maintenance of the epithelial barrier. …”
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Fungus- (Alternaria sp.) Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Screening of Antifungal Activity against Some Phytopathogens by Theint Theint Win, Sikandar Khan, PengCheng Fu

“…The scientific consensus is now on developing a biocontrol agent that can cause cellular metabolic reprogramming against agricultural pathogens. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed by using phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria sp.) isolated from banana cultivated soil. …”
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Activation of Macrophages by Oligomeric Proteins of Different Size and Origin by Indrė Dalgėdienė, Asta Lučiūnaitė, Aurelija Žvirblienė

“…Activation of macrophages is one of the key processes in generating the immune response against pathogens or misfolded/aggregated otherwise unharmful host’s proteins. …”
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Importance of Lipopolysaccharide and Cyclic β-1,2-Glucans in Brucella-Mammalian Infections by Andreas F. Haag, Kamila K. Myka, Markus F. F. Arnold, Paola Caro-Hernández, Gail P. Ferguson

“…Brucella species persist as intracellular pathogens that manage to effectively evade recognition by the host's immune system. …”
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Critical Care Management for Novel 2019 SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63 Coinfection in a Young Immunocompromised Patient: A Chicago Experience by Alejandro Sanchez-Nadales, Miguel Treminio-Quezada, Hasan Abad, Jessica Navarro-Motta, Pamela Contreras-Chavez, Anil Kachru, Chae Chu

“…Coinfection with other respiratory pathogens and opportunistic infections are possible.…”
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Microbial generalists as keystone species: constructing core network modules in the anthosphere of twelve diverse wild plant species by Jihoon Kim, Yingshun Cui, Kyong-Hee Nam, Jun-Woo Lee, Jong-Geol Kim, Seong-Jun Chun

“…Functions associated with parasites and pathogens were commonly observed in the anthosphere, particularly in Capsella bursa-pastoris and Brassica juncea. …”
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Dendritic Cells and Their Multiple Roles during Malaria Infection by Kelly N. S. Amorim, Daniele C. G. Chagas, Fernando B. Sulczewski, Silvia B. Boscardin

“…In this way, DCs sense the presence of a myriad of pathogens, including Plasmodium spp., the causative agent of malaria. …”
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Susceptibility of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to entomopathogenic fungi isolated from poultry houses litter and nearby soil by Elżbieta Popowska-Nowak, Dorota Tumialis, Elżbieta Pezowicz

“…These insects are especially dangerous as a potential carriers of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. …”
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The Effects of Microplastic Pollution on Marine Organisms and its Impact on Human Health: A Review by Aran Akbari, Jalil Jaafari

“…MPs in marine environments provide a highly selective and flexible support platform for a variety of microbial communities, especially resistant pathogens. The accumulation of MPs in marine organisms consumed as human food has dangerous consequences for human health, leading to physical and chemical toxic effects. …”
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Leishmaniasis and Climate Change—Case Study: Argentina by Oscar Daniel Salomón, María Gabriela Quintana, Andrea Verónica Mastrángelo, María Soledad Fernández

“…From the biological point of view interaction of different variables has different and even conflicting effects on the survival of vectors and the probability transmission of pathogens. The results on ecoepidemiology of leishmaniasis in Argentina related to climate variables at different scales of space and time are presented. …”
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Epidemic spread of influenza viruses: The impact of transient populations on disease dynamics by Karen R. Ríos-Soto, Baojun Song, Carlos Castillo-Chavez

“…The recent H1N1 ('swine flu') pandemic and recent H5N1 ('avian flu') outbreaks have brought increased attention to the study of the role of animal populations as reservoirs for pathogens that could invade human populations. It is believed that pigs acquired flu strains from birds and humans, acting as a mixing vessel in generating new influenza viruses. …”
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Restoration of Type 17 immune signaling is not sufficient for protection during influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis by Aijaz Ahmad, Ravineel B. Singh, Kara L. Nickolich, Matthew J. Pilewski, Caden Ngeow, Kwame Frempong-Manso, Keven M. Robinson

“…Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and the Type 17 immune signaling pathway cytokine family are recognized for their pivotal role in fostering protective immunity against various pathogens. In this study, we investigate the role of IL-17 and Type 17 immune signaling components during IAPA.MethodsWild-type mice were challenged with influenza A H1N1 (flu) and then exposed to Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC42202 resting conidia on day 6 post-influenza infection, followed by the quantification of cytokines and chemokines at 48 h post-fungal infection.Results and discussionThe gene and protein expression levels revealed that IL-17 and Type 17 immune cytokines and antimicrobial peptides are downregulated during IAPA compared to mice singularly infected solely with A. fumigatus. …”
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Severe Necrotizing Adenovirus Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient by Ravi Parasuraman, Ping L. Zhang, Dilip Samarapungavan, Leslie Rocher, Alan Koffron

“…Adenoviruses (AdV) are emerging pathogens with a prevalence of 11% viruria and 6.5% viremia in kidney transplant recipients. …”
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Nuclear Alarmin Cytokines in Inflammation by Lili Jiang, Yijia Shao, Yao Tian, Changsheng Ouyang, Xiaohua Wang

“…Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are some nonspecific and highly conserved molecular structures of exogenous specific microbial pathogens, whose products can be recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR) on innate immune cells and induce an inflammatory response. …”
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Advanced Role of Neutrophils in Common Respiratory Diseases by Jinping Liu, Zhiqiang Pang, Guoqiang Wang, Xuewa Guan, Keyong Fang, Ziyan Wang, Fang Wang

“…They participate in the clearance of exogenous pathogens and endogenous cell debris and play an essential role in the pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases. …”
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Interaction between Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus spp. in the biological control of disease in the soya bean by Adeliane Ferreira Braga, Leonardo de Castro Santos, Suellen Polyana da Silva Cunha Mendes, Francielly Abrenhosa Pires, Alaerson Maia Geraldine, Weder Nunes Ferreira Junior

“…In view of this, biocontrol, through the use of biological agents, has become a driving force in controlling these pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of microorganisms, and detect the possibility of antagonistic effects, influence on growth, or synergistic action when microorganisms are jointly applied to crops. …”
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Disseminated Tuberculosis Presenting as Chronic Orchiepididymitis in a Military Trainee: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Michael U. Williams, Ashley Burris, Amy Zingalis, David A. Lindholm, Brian K. White

“…The acute form secondary to sexually transmitted or enteric pathogens is well known to primary care providers. …”
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Feline panleukopenia (review) by A. M. Kiselev, S. V. Shcherbinin, T. S. Galkina

“…Evolutionarily, the disease pathogen gave rise to anew infectious agent– canine parvovirus, which, despite its DNA structure, demonstrates a relatively high mutation rate and the emergence of new variants. …”
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PENANGANAN JERAWAT SINDROM AKUMULASI DAHAK MENGGUNAKAN AKUPUNTUR DAN HERBAL JIANGHUANG by Dyah Agesti, Suryani Dyah Astuti, Arifa Mustika

“…In Chinese Medicine, acne vulgaris belongs to categories of Feng Ci, it is caused by wind-heat pathogens that attack the lungs and excessive consumption of spicy and oily foods resulting in accumulation of heat in the stomach and intestines. …”
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Live Plague Vaccine Development: Past, Present, and Future by Andrey P. Anisimov, Anastasia S. Vagaiskaya, Alexandra S. Trunyakova, Svetlana V. Dentovskaya

“…During the last 100 years, vaccine development has evolved from an empirical approach to one of the more rational vaccine designs where the careful selection of antigens and adjuvants is key to the desired efficacy for challenging pathogens and/or challenging populations. To improve immunogenicity while maintaining a favorable reactogenicity and safety profile, modern vaccine design must consider factors beyond the choice of target antigen alone. …”
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