Expression and Function of Granzymes A and B in Escherichia coli Peritonitis and Sepsis by M. Isabel García-Laorden, Ingrid Stroo, Sanne Terpstra, Sandrine Florquin, Jan Paul Medema, Cornelis van´t Veer, Alex F. de Vos, Tom van der Poll

“…Escherichia (E.) coli is the most common causative pathogen in peritonitis, the second most common cause of sepsis. …”
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Up-Regulation of Endothelin Receptors Induced by Cigarette Smoke — Involvement of MAPK in Vascular and Airway Hyper-Reactivity by Yaping Zhang, Lars Edvinsson, Cang-Bao Xu

“…This review focuses on cigarette smoke exposure that induces activation of intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and subsequently results in the up-regulation of endothelin receptors in the vasculature and airways, which mediates vascular and airway hyper-reactivity, one of the important pathogenic characteristics of cardiovascular and airway diseases. …”
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Effects of reproductive technologies and SPF status on some physiological and behavioral characteristics in rats with arterial hypertension (ISIAH strain) by D. S. Ragaeva, T. O. Abramova, I. N. Rozhkova, E. Yu. Brusentsev, E. V. Kalinichenko, T. N. Igonina, S. Ya. Amstislavsky

“…Modern standards of Laboratory Animal Science include working with laboratory animals of high quality, in particular, with specific pathogen free (SPF) mice and rats. On the other hand, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely used in modern medicine for human infertility treatment as well as for genome resource banking. …”
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Plant stem cells: unity and diversity by I. E. Dodueva, V. E. Tvorogova, M. Azarakhsh, M. A. Lebedeva, L. A. Lutova

“…There are numerous types of meristems: shoot and root apical meristems, lateral meristems (procambium, cambium, pericycle), as well as the so-called irregular meristems, developing under certain conditions (callus, meristems of symbiotic nodules, spontaneous and pathogen-induced tumors, etc.). For each of meristems, specific mechanisms of regulation, which are based on the interaction of plant hormones and the major groups of transcription factors, were identified. …”
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Community-Acquired Rotavirus Gastroenteritis Compared with Adenovirus and Norovirus Gastroenteritis in Italian Children: A Pedianet Study by D. Donà, E. Mozzo, A. Scamarcia, G. Picelli, M. Villa, L. Cantarutti, C. Giaquinto

“…Rotavirus (RV) is the commonest pathogen in the hospital and primary care settings, followed by Adenovirus (AV) and Norovirus (NV). …”
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Complexity and Controversies over the Cytokine Profiles of T Helper Cell Subpopulations in Tuberculosis by Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Monique Gomes Salles Tiburcio, Juliana Reis Machado, Djalma Alexandre Alves Silva, Denise Bertulucci Rocha Rodrigues, Virmondes Rodrigues, Carlo Jose Freire Oliveira

“…Additionally, many new roles and cellular sources have been described for IL-10, demonstrating a critical role for this cytokine as regulatory, rather than merely pathogenic cytokine, involved in the establishment of chronic latent infection, in the clinical cure after treatment and in keeping antibacillary effector mechanisms active to prevent immune-mediated damage.…”
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Efficacy of bacteriophages with Aloe vera extract in formulated cosmetics to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria in skin diseases by Sodaf A. Maan, Abeer A. Faiesal, Gamar M. Gamar, Noha K. El Dougdoug

“…Abstract Phage therapy offers a promising alternative to antibiotic treatment for combating illnesses caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from pus and skin infected fluidsusing selective media. …”
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Composite Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma and T-Prolymphocytic Leukemia Presenting with Lymphocytosis, Skin Lesions, and Generalized Lymphadenopathy by Ali Sakhdari, Guilin Tang, Lawrence E. Ginsberg, Cheryl F. Hirsch-Ginsberg, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Roberto N. Miranda

“…The concomitant detection of ATM mutation in CLL and T-PLL components raises the possibility of a common pathogenic mechanism.…”
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Zymography of proteases in honey bees (Apis Mellifera) infected with Nosema ceranae by Doghuzlu Mohammad Afrasiabi, Nabian Sedigheh, Paghaleh Gholam Ali Nehzati, Taheri Mohammad, Asadollahi Zahra, Akhzari Soheila

“…Evidence suggests that in the coming years, Nosema ceranae, which is less sensitive to fumagillin, could replace Nosema apis as the predominant pathogenic Nosema. Identifying and developing drugs that target these microsporidia without having serious effects on host bee physiology is essential for controlling nosemosis, and this requires information about bee enzymes. …”
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Engineered Bacillus subtilis WB600/ZD prevents Salmonella Infantis-induced intestinal inflammation and alters the colon microbiota in a mouse model by Wei Li, Xue Wang, Keyuan Chen, Yaohong Zhu, Guiyan Yang, Yipeng Jin, Jiufeng Wang

“…Moreover, WB600/ZD pretreatment facilitated the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae, Butyricicoccus, Eubacterium_xylanophilum, and Clostridia_UCG-014 while decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella and Salmonella (P < 0.05). …”
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Effects of Red Clover Isoflavones on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Cecal Microflora of Mice by Rongrong Guo, Xuqin Song, Xiaodie Li, Cheng Zeng, Ying Chen, Chunjie Li, Jian Yang, Deyuan Ou

“…RCIs can increase the diversity of beneficial bacteria such as <i>Bacteroidaceae</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, and <i>Akkermansiaceae</i>, and reduced the pathogenic <i>Staphylococcaceae</i>. Therefore, supplementing the diet with RCIs results in improved growth performance and notable alterations in the cecal microbiota in mice, and has potential applications as a feed additive to improve livestock production.…”
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Plant Colonization by Biocontrol Bacteria and Improved Plant Health: A Review by Roohallah Saberi Riseh, Fariba Fathi, Mozhgan Gholizadeh Vazvani, Mika Tapio Tarkka

“…It highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the colonization mechanisms employed by biocontrol bacteria to enhance their efficacy in plant pathogen control. The present review deals with the in-depth understanding of steps involved in host colonization by biocontrol bacteria. …”
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The adoption of biosecurity measures and its influencing factors in Bangladeshi layer farms by Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Ismat Ara Begum, Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Asif Iqbal, Andrew M. McKenzie

“…Abstract Developing nations like Bangladesh are particularly vulnerable to poultry diseases, notably Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. Adopting biosecurity approaches that assist farms in disease control and prevention can decrease the industry-wide dissemination of infectious diseases. …”
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Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from School Children with Acute Otitis Media by Dodi Safari, Daniel Joko Wahyono, Wisnu Tafroji, Anton Budhi Darmawan, Yayah Winarti, Wahyu Dwi Kusdaryanto, Wisiva Tofriska Paramaiswari, Hendro Pramono, Meyta Pratiwi, Muhamad Riza Chamadi

“…Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogen of the human respiratory tract. This study describes the prevalence, serotype distribution, and susceptibility profiles of H. influenzae strains isolated from the nasopharynx of school children with acute otitis media (AOM) in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. …”
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HMGB1 Promotes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Enhancing Macrophage Inflammatory Response by Mudan Lu, Shanshan Yu, Wei Xu, Bo Gao, Sidong Xiong

“…HMGB1, which may act as a proinflammatory mediator, has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, the precise mechanism of HMGB1 in the pathogenic process of SLE remains obscure. Method. The expression of HMGB1 was measured by ELISA and western blot. …”
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Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Injured by BMP2/4 via Activation of NF-κB Signals after Ischemic Reperfusion by Kang Chen, Wei Xie, Binyu Luo, Weidong Xiao, Daniel H. Teitelbaum, Hua Yang, Kebin Zhang, Chaojun Zhang

“…On the basis of these data, we conclude that BMP2/4 may act as the pathogenic basis for intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction when the intestines suffer an I/R injury. …”
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Whole-Genome Expression Analysis and Signal Pathway Screening of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Jingyi Hou, Yi Ouyang, Haiquan Deng, Zhong Chen, Bin Song, Zhongyu Xie, Peng Wang, Jinteng Li, Weiping Li, Rui Yang

“…Our study found that differentially expressed genes in the MAPK signaling, rheumatoid arthritis, and p53 signaling pathways may help to explain the pathogenic mechanism of RA and lead to therapeutic RA SMSC applications.…”
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Stimulation of MMP-1 and CCL2 by NAMPT in PDL Cells by Marjan Nokhbehsaim, Sigrun Eick, Andressa Vilas Boas Nogueira, Per Hoffmann, Stefan Herms, Holger Fröhlich, Søren Jepsen, Andreas Jäger, Joni Augusto Cirelli, James Deschner

“…Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. …”
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New Insights in the Pathogenesis of HPV Infection and the Associated Carcinogenic Processes: The Role of Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Simona Roxana Georgescu, Cristina Iulia Mitran, Madalina Irina Mitran, Constantin Caruntu, Maria Isabela Sarbu, Clara Matei, Ilinca Nicolae, Sandra Milena Tocut, Mircea Ioan Popa, Mircea Tampa

“…The host’s immunity plays a central role in the course of the infection; therefore, it may not be clinically manifest or may produce various benign or malignant lesions. The pathogenic mechanisms are complex and incompletely elucidated. …”
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Isthmin 1 is Expressed by Progenitor-Like Cells in the Lung: Phenotypical Analysis of Isthmin 1+ Hematopoietic Stem-Like Cells in Homeostasis and during Infection by Guadalupe Rivera-Torruco, Carolina A. Martínez-Mendiola, Tania Angeles-Floriano, Gustavo Alberto Jaimes-Ortega, José Luis Maravillas-Montero, Rodolfo García-Contreras, Yolanda González, Esmeralda Juárez, Porfirio Nava, Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete, Oscar Medina-Contreras, Paula Licona-Limón, Ricardo Valle-Rios

“…The process by which blood cells are generated has been widely studied in homeostasis and during pathogen-triggered inflammatory response. Recently, murine lungs have been shown to be a significant source of hematopoietic progenitors in a process known as extramedullary hematopoiesis. …”
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