Extraction and Characterization of Natural Dye from Green Walnut Shells and Its Use in Dyeing Polyamide: Focus on Antibacterial Properties by Mohammad Mirjalili, Loghman Karimi

“…The dyed fabrics were evaluated for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. …”
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The cell autonomous and non-autonomous roles of itaconate in immune response by Chao Chen, Xinjian Li

“…Itaconate is synthesized by myeloid cells under conditions of pathogen infection and sterile inflammation. In addition to regulating immune response of myeloid cells, itaconate secreted from myeloid cells can also be taken up by non-myeloid cells to exert immunoregulatory effects in a cell non-autonomous manner. …”
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Liver damage during infections with coronavirus by Iqbal Hanash Dhefer

“… The pathogen of the new 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), presented a significant risk to health care. …”
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Molecular Mechanisms of Oxytocin Signaling at the Synaptic Connection by Jan Bakos, Annamaria Srancikova, Tomas Havranek, Zuzana Bacova

“…Synaptic dysfunctions in neurodevelopmental disorders are becoming increasingly known, and their pathogenic mechanisms could be a target of potential therapeutic intervention. …”
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The Role of the Innate Immune System in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: An Eye on Microglia by Elisa Ridolfi, Cinzia Barone, Elio Scarpini, Daniela Galimberti

“…In this framework, the purpose of this review is to give an overview of clinical features, genetics, and novel discoveries on biomolecular pathogenic mechanisms at the basis of these two neurodegenerative diseases and to outline current evidence regarding the role played by activated microglia in their pathogenesis.…”
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T Lymphocyte Autoreactivity in Inflammatory Mechanisms Regulating Atherosclerosis by Elisabetta Profumo, Brigitta Buttari, Luciano Saso, Raffaele Capoano, Bruno Salvati, Rachele Riganò

“…Both cells of the innate and the acquired immune system, particularly monocytes and T lymphocytes, are implicated in the atherogenic process, producing different cytokines with pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. The majority of pathogenic T cells involved in atherosclerosis are of the Th1 profile, that has been correlated positively with coronary artery disease. …”
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Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of Cellular Responses to Entry of Virions: One Kind of Natural Nanobiomaterial by Zheng Liu, Shuyu Liu, Jinming Cui, Yurong Tan, Jian He, Jingqiang Zhang

“…Virions are one kind of nanoscale pathogen and are able to infect living cells of animals, plants, and bacteria. …”
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Percutaneous Discectomy—Continuous Irrigation and Drainage for Tuberculous Lumbar Spondylitis: A Report of Two Cases by Sei Shibuya, Satoshi Komatsubara, Tetsuji Yamamoto, Nobuo Arima, Yoshiaki Kanda, Shiro Oka

“…This method is advantageous in that although minimally invasive, it achieves identification of pathogenic bacteria and treatment simultaneously. This surgical procedure is expected to prove effective for both TB and pyogenic spondylitis.…”
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Burkholderia Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Sreelakshmi Panginikkod, Aishwarya Ramachandran, Pratyusha Bollimunta, Roshanak Habibi, Roshan Kumar Arjal, Venu Gopalakrishnan

“…It is a rare imported pathogen in the United States and is a potential bioterror agent. …”
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Synergistic effects of mutation and glycosylation on disease progression by Shodai Suzuki, Motoyuki Itoh, Motoyuki Itoh, Motoyuki Itoh

“…This mini-review summarizes the effects of glycosylation on transmembrane proteins with pathogenic mutations, including NOTCH3, LDLR, and APP. …”
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Probability of Escherichia coli contamination spread in ground beef production by Petko M. Kitanov, Allan R. Willms

“…Human illness due to contamination of food by pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli is a serious public health concern and can cause significant economic losses in the food industry. …”
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The Bacterial Type III Secretion System as a Broadly Applied Protein Delivery Tool in Biological Sciences by Liyu Jia, Lihua Zhu

“…Furthermore, this review emphasizes the innovative applications of the T3SS in crop biology, where it has been leveraged to study plant–pathogen interactions. By summarizing the current knowledge and recent progress, we underscore the potential of the T3SS as a powerful tool in biological sciences and their implications for future research in plant pathology and agricultural biotechnology.…”
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Role of Leukotrienes on Protozoan and Helminth Infections by Alexandre P. Rogerio, Fernanda F. Anibal

“…Herein, in this paper, we showed the immunomodulatory and pathogenic roles of LTs during the helminth and protozoan infections.…”
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Toll-Like Receptors in Natural Killer Cells and Their Application for Immunotherapy by Ji-Yoon Noh, Suk Ran Yoon, Tae-Don Kim, Inpyo Choi, Haiyoung Jung

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most well-defined PRRs with respect to PAMP recognition and induction of innate immune responses. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger innate immune responses by inducing inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, antigen-presenting molecules, and costimulatory molecules. …”
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La divine comédie dans les Andes ou les tribulations du mort dans son voyage vers l’au-delà by Valérie Robin Azevedo

“…In the same way the pathogenic character of the defunct during the funerals must be related to the sins they are charged with in the moment of decease.…”
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Determinants of Vessel Targeting in Vasculitis by Gary S. Hoffman

“…The reader is invited to reassess; (1) whether the aorta is indeed a single homogeneous structure, and (2) whether the initial stage of aortitis (and indeed other diseases considered “autoimmune”) may be primarily due to acquired alterations of substrate, that influence unique immune profiles, which by themselves may not be pathogenic. Disease susceptibility and patterns are influenced by many factors that are inborn and acquired. …”
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Noncoding RNA in the Regulation of Acute Aortic Dissection: From Profile to Mechanism by Ruibin Wei, Yingqing Feng

“…As Nienaber reported, aortic dissection is most common in people 65–75 years old and has an incidence of 35 cases per 100,000 people per year in this population. Many pathogenic factors are involved in aortic dissection, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and abnormality of the aortic intima caused by genetic variation. …”
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Interaction between 𝛼-Synuclein and Other Proteins in Neurodegenerative Disorders by Kurt A. Jellinger

“…The synergistic effects of α-synuclein, hyperphosphorylated tau, amyloid-β, and other pathologic proteins, and the underlying molecular pathogenic mechanisms, including induction and spread of protein aggregates, are critically reviewed, suggesting a dualism or triad of neurodegeneration in protein-misfolding disorders, although the etiology of most of these processes is still mysterious.…”
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Broad Spectrum Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Tannin-Rich Crude Extracts of Indian Medicinal Plants by Varsha Shukla, Zarine Bhathena

“…Quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms have been demonstrated to have significance in expression of pathogenicity in infectious bacteria. In Gram negative bacteria the autoinducer molecules that mediate QS are acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) and in Gram positive bacteria they are peptides called autoinducing peptides (AIP). …”
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Toward Molecular Level of the “Salmonella-Victim” Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution by S.N. Rumyantsev

“…Nothing is known about the molecular base of the Salmonella pathogenicity. Even the ability of Salmonella to destroy the victims cells has been the subject of century-long discussions. …”
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