Recommendations for Control and Mitigation of Laurel Wilt and Ambrosia Beetle Vectors in Commercial Avocado Groves in Florida by Jonathan Henry Crane, Daniel Carrillo, Edward A. Evans, Romina Gazis, Bruce A Schaffer, Fredy H Ballen Orozco, Jeff Wasielewski

“… The lethal laurel wilt epidemic affecting avocado trees in Florida is caused by a fungal pathogen-ambrosia beetle complex (LW-AB). The death of over 120,000 commercial avocado trees in Florida may be attributed to LW-AB. …”
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The discounted reproductive number for epidemiology by Timothy C. Reluga, Jan Medlock, Alison Galvani

“…The basic reproductive number, $\Ro$, and the effective reproductivenumber, $R$, are commonly used in mathematicalepidemiology as summary statistics for the size andcontrollability of epidemics.However, these commonly usedreproductive numbers can be misleading when appliedto predict pathogen evolution because they do notincorporate the impact of the timing of events in the life-historycycle of the pathogen.To study evolution problems where the host population size ischanging, measures like the ultimate proliferation rate must be used.A third measure of reproductive success, which combines properties ofboth the basic reproductive number and the ultimate proliferationrate, is the discounted reproductive number$\mathcal{R}_d$. …”
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Pseudotyped Viruses: A Useful Platform for Pre-Clinical Studies Conducted in a BSL-2 Laboratory Setting by Sofiia N. Rizatdinova, Alina E. Ershova, Irina V. Astrakhantseva

“…The study of pathogenic viruses has always posed significant biosafety challenges. …”
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Leukocyte Production of Inflammatory Mediators Is Inhibited by the Antioxidants Phloretin, Silymarin, Hesperetin, and Resveratrol by Jezrom B. Fordham, Afsar Raza Naqvi, Salvador Nares

“…Recognition of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns is a crucial component of innate immunity to Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, as well as the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. …”
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Fusarium Wilt of Queen Palm and Mexican Fan Palm by Monica L. Elliott

“…Elliot, describes this lethal fungal disease affecting primarily queen and Mexican fan palms — pathogen and hosts, symptoms, diagnosis, and disease management. …”
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Fusarium Wilt of Queen Palm and Mexican Fan Palm by Monica L. Elliott

“…Elliot, describes this lethal fungal disease affecting primarily queen and Mexican fan palms — pathogen and hosts, symptoms, diagnosis, and disease management. …”
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A Case of Invasive Gastrointestinal Mycotypha Infection in a Patient with Neutropenia by Polina Trachuk, Wendy A. Szymczak, Peter Muscarella, Uzma N. Sarwar

“…Mycotypha microspora is a mucormycete that has not been described as a human pathogen. We discuss the successful eradication of gastrointestinal Mycotypha microspora in a neutropenic patient with simultaneous pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection.…”
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Native Valve Endocarditis due to Ralstonia pickettii: A Case Report and Literature Review by Joseph Orme, Tomas Rivera-Bonilla, Akil Loli, Negin N. Blattman

“…Ralstonia pickettii is a rare pathogen and even more rare in healthy individuals. …”
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Cryptosporidiosis in ruminants by Ferda Sevinç

“…Cryptosporidium parvum is a primary pathogen in the aetiology of neonalal diarrhea syndrome in ruminants. …”
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Further Evidence That the CFTR Variant c.2620-6T>C Is Benign by Violet I. Wallerstein, Robert Wallerstein

“…We present an asymptomatic adult who has this variant as well as the well described delta F508 pathogenic variant in transpresentation. This patient provides additional evidence that this is a benign polymorphism.…”
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Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity by Helene Minyi Liu, Michael Gale

“…IFN is a major effector of innate antiviral immunity and is naturally produced in response to viral infection when viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized as nonself and are bound by cellular pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs). …”
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Level of CYP4G19 Expression Is Associated with Pyrethroid Resistance in Blattella germanica by Guang-zhou Guo, Yi-jie Geng, Da-na Huang, Cai-fang Xue, Ren-li Zhang

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N-Acetylglucosamine Functions in Cell Signaling by James B. Konopka

“…For example, GlcNAc stimulates the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans to undergo changes in morphogenesis and expression of virulence genes. …”
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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Pasteurella multocida Infecting Camels in Marsabit and Turkana Counties, Kenya by Justus K. Kasivalu, George I. Omwenga, Gabriel O. Aboge

“…Pasteurella multocida infection is common in Kenya though there is little knowledge of the genetic diversity of the pathogen. P. multocida is part of the normal flora in the respiratory tract of camels, but it becomes pathogenic when the resistance of the camel body is diminished by bad ecological conditions. …”
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A Patient with Double-Negative VGKC, Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability, and Central Nervous System Symptoms: A Postinfectious Autoimmune Disease by Birte Eikeland

“…Research in the last few years has indicated that most voltage-gated potassium channel- (VGKC-) complex antibodies without leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 or contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibody specificity lack pathogenic potential and are not clear markers for autoimmune inflammation. …”
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Case report: First reported case of spondylodiscitis caused by Gemella morbillorum in South Africa by J Pillay, N M van der Linden

“…We report a case of spondylodiscitis caused by a rare pathogen, Gemella morbillorum. To date, worldwide, only six such cases of confirmed spondylodiscitis infection with this rare pathogen have been documented, and this is the first reported case in South Africa. …”
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Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Resulting in Postpartum Necrotizing Endomyometritis by Joan Tymon-Rosario, Meleen Chuang

“…Multidrug-resistant pathogenic organism is increasingly a factor in postoperative source of infection. …”
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Potential Capsule Switching from Serogroup Y to B: The Characterization of Three such Neisseria meningitidis Isolates Causing Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Canada by Raymond SW Tsang, Dennis KS Law, Shaun D Tyler, Gwen S Stephens, Mark Bigham, Wendell D Zollinger

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Additions to the Mycosphaerella complex by P.W. Crous, K. Tanaka, B.A. Summerel, J.Z. Groenewald

“…(Teratosphaeriaceae) on Agapathus umbel/atus from South Africa. The latter pathogen is also newly recorded from A. umbel/atus in Europe (Portugal). …”
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A Case of Infective Endocarditis and Pulmonary Septic Emboli Caused by Lactococcus lactis by Bshara Mansour, Adib Habib, Nazih Asli, Yuval Geffen, Dan Miron, Nael Elias

“…Identification of this pathogen was only made by polymerase chain reaction.…”
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