Gene Expression during Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Soil and Water by Ashley D. Duffitt, Robert T. Reber, Andrew Whipple, Christian Chauret

“…Cells incubated in soil microcosms for 14 days expressed genes for antibiotic resistance, biosynthesis, DNA replication and modification, metabolism, phages, transposons, plasmids, pathogenesis and virulence, antibiotic resistance, ribosomal proteins, the stress response, transcription, translation, and transport and binding proteins at significantly higher levels than cells grown in Luria broth. …”
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Diamond Blackfan Anemia at the Crossroad between Ribosome Biogenesis and Heme Metabolism by Deborah Chiabrando, Emanuela Tolosano

“…Recently, the analysis of mice from which the gene coding for the heme exporter Feline Leukemia Virus subgroup C Receptor (FLVCR1) is deleted suggested that this gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of DBA. FLVCR1-null mice show a phenotype resembling that of DBA patients, including erythroid failure and malformations. …”
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THE ALGORITHM OF THE CASE FORMATION DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL DISCIPLINES IN MEDICAL SCHOOL by Andrey A. Garanin, Reseda M. Garanina

“…While developing the case study of medical character the teacher needs to pay special attention to questions of pathogenesis and pathological anatomy for students’ formation of the fundamental clinical thinking allowing to estimate the patient’s condition as a complete organism, taking into account all its features, to understand the relationships of cause and effect arising at development of a concrete disease, to master new and to improve the available techniques of statement of the differential diagnosis. …”
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Extraoral Osseous Choristoma in the Head and Neck Region: Case Report and Literature Review by Philipp Arens, Andrea Ullrich, Heidi Olze, Florian Cornelius Uecker

“…Literature review is given about all of the reported cases in the region of the neck. The pathogenesis is yet unexplained. Our case supports the theory that the development of an osseous choristoma is a reaction to a former trauma. …”
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The PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway Mediates the High Glucose-Induced Expression of Extracellular Matrix Molecules in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells by Dong Qin, Guo-ming Zhang, Xun Xu, Li-ya Wang

“…Prolonged hyperglycemia is an important risk factor of the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Extracellular matrix molecules, such as fibronectin, collagen IV, and laminin, are associated with fibrotic membranes. …”
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Co-occurrence of Myasthenia Gravis and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report by G. Rynkevič, R. Kizlaitienė

“…The involvement of both T cells and B cells in the pathogenesis of these two diseases is suspected. As the symptoms and clinical course of MS and MG can be similar in some cases, this makes it difficult to consider the possibility of the coexistence of these disorders. …”
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EMAP II Expression Is Increased on Peripheral Blood Cells from Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma by Manal Mohamed Saber

“…The results assume that EMAP II might be involved in NHL development and pathogenesis.…”
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A Case of TAFRO Syndrome Developed after COVID-19 Vaccination by Hitomi Hirose, Hitoshi Suzuki, Yukako Umezawa, Masako Iwasaki, Hiromitsu Fukuda, Hisatsugu Takahara, Shigeki Tomita, Yusuke Suzuki

“…Several complications, such as renal, hematological, and heart diseases, have been reported; however, its pathogenesis is unclear. The possibility of various complications after the COVID-19 vaccination, including TAFRO syndrome, should be considered.…”
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Type 2 Diabetes, PUFAs, and Vitamin D: Their Relation to Inflammation by Ana L. Guadarrama-López, Roxana Valdés-Ramos, Beatríz E. Martínez-Carrillo

“…Recently, the study of the innate immune system has offered an explanation model of the pathogenesis of T2DM. On the other hand, there is evidence about the beneficial effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 and n-6 in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases including diabetes. …”
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Bile Acids: Key Regulators and Novel Treatment Targets for Type 2 Diabetes by Yingjie Wu, An Zhou, Li Tang, Yuanyuan Lei, Bo Tang, Linjing Zhang

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by insulin resistance and unclear pathogenesis, is a serious menace to human health. Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism and play an important role in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. …”
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Neuroinflammation and ALS: Transcriptomic Insights into Molecular Disease Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets by Giovanna Morello, Antonio Gianmaria Spampinato, Sebastiano Cavallaro

“…Among these, inflammatory/immune responses have recently gained particular interest, although there are conflicting reports on the role of these processes in ALS pathogenesis and treatment. This apparent discrepancy may be due to the absence of an effective stratification of ALS patients into subgroups with markedly different clinical, biological, and molecular features. …”
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Mesenchymal Hamartoma in Children: A Diagnostic Challenge by Muhammad Rehan Khan, Larry A. Binkovitz, Thomas C. Smyrk, D. Dean Potter, Katryn N. Furuya

“…Mesenchymal hamartoma is a benign tumor of the liver with a poorly understood pathogenesis. It is uncommon in older children, especially after 2 years of age. …”
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Molecular Mechanisms of Phthalate-Induced Hepatic Injury and Amelioration by Plant-Based Principles by Lalit Kumar Singh, Rashmi Pandey, Nikhat Jamal Siddiqi, Bechan Sharma

“…The prolonged exposure to phthalates adversely influences the biological redox system by altering the levels of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, molecular signaling pathways, and causing hepatic pathogenesis. The strategies to combat phthalate-induced toxicity include avoiding exposure to these compounds and using plant-based bioactive molecules such as polyphenols, which possess therapeutic potential as antioxidants, suppress inflammatory cascades, prevent oxidative damage, and stabilize cellular integrity. …”
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Idiopathic, Serial Coronary Vessels Dissection in a Young Woman with Psychological Stress: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Alessio Arrivi, Caterina Milici, Carlo Bock, Attilio Placanica, Enrico Boschetti, Marcello Dominici

“…Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a very rare disease, associated with high mortality rate, whose etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Its sporadic nature and the varied angiographic extent make firm recommendations regarding revascularization impossible. …”
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Coronary Artery Disease by Naomi Ogawa, Yasushi Imai, Hiroyuki Morita, Ryozo Nagai

“…The chip-based GWAS approach has identified novel and unbiased genetic determinants of CAD and these insights provide the important direction to better understand the pathogenesis of CAD and to develop new and improved preventive measures and treatments for CAD.…”
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Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia of the Liver Incidentally Found in a 55-Year-Old Woman with a History of Ulcerative Colitis by Noritoshi Mizuta, Takuya Kikuchi, Shunsuke Kusano, Nobuya Sano

“…Reactive immune phenomenon has been reported in association with its occurrence, but the true pathogenesis is unknown. No case was reported in association with inflammatory bowel disease. …”
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EFFECTIVENESS OF THE WHEAT Lr22b, Lr34, AND Lr37 GENES FOR ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE TO LEAF RUST IN WEST SIBERIA AND THE CYTOPHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF THEIR ACTION by L. Ya. Plotnikova, T. Yu. Shtubey

“…The Lr34 and Lr37 genes exert a pleiotropic action on pathogenesis.…”
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Choroidal Structural Changes of Posterior Subtenon Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection in Eyes with Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema by Bing Liu, Guangfeng Ma, Jing Hou, Chenyang Cong

“…The alterations of SFCT and CVI in this study suggest that the choroidal vasculature is involved in the pathogenesis of refractory DME and could be affected by PSTA treatment. …”
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Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Diabetic Nephropathy: Lessons from Diabetic eNOS Knockout Mice by Takamune Takahashi, Raymond C. Harris

“…Further, recent studies with this animal model have explored the novel mechanisms by which eNOS deficiency causes advanced DN and provided many new insights into the pathogenesis of DN. Therefore, here we summarize the findings obtained with this animal model and discuss the roles of eNOS in DN, unresolved issues, and future investigations of this animal model study.…”
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PGC-1α activation to enhance macrophage immune function in mycobacterial infections. by Joel R Frandsen, Zhihong Yuan, Brahmchetna Bedi, Zohra Prasla, Seoung-Ryoung Choi, Prabagaran Narayanasamy, Ruxana T Sadikot

“…Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are a heterogeneous group of environmental microorganisms with distinct human pathogenesis. Their incidence and prevalence are rising worldwide, due in part to elevated antimicrobial resistance which complicates treatment and potential successful outcomes. …”
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