Varicella Zoster Reactivation Following mRNA Vaccination: Two Case Reports and a Review of Cutaneous Adverse Events of COVID-19 Vaccines by Milissa Makhlouf, Jennifer Akl, Alfred Ammoury

“…The purpose of this report is to review the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 vaccines and to report two cases of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced varicella zoster reactivation along with the possible pathogenesis. These two cases are of an 80-year-old female patient with multiple comorbidities and a previously healthy 57-year-old male patient who experienced varicella zoster reactivation post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer, New York City, New York, USA) following the first and second dose…”
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Successful sequential therapy with rituximab and telitacicept in refractory Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and MOG-associated demyelination: a case report and literature review by Jingliang Zhang, Minzhe Hu, Chunjuan Wang, Shougang Guo

“…Clinical management of the rare and complex overlapping syndrome of MOG-antibody disease and anti-NMDAR encephalitis (MNOS), which has an uncertain pathogenesis and a high risk of recurrence, is highly challenging. …”
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Postmastectomy-Postirradiation Atypical Vascular Lesion of the Skin: Report of 2 Cases by P. S. Jayalakshmy, Aswathy P. Sivaram, Joy Augustine, P. Bindu

“…The newer modalities of radiation therapy may be contributory to the pathogenesis. More studies have to be done in this area to prove the causal relationship. …”
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Defects in skeletal muscle subsarcolemmal mitochondria in a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. by Nicola Lai, China Kummitha, Charles Hoppel

“…The current study investigated the role of the subpopulations of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in the absence of obesity. …”
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A Patient with Double-Negative VGKC, Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability, and Central Nervous System Symptoms: A Postinfectious Autoimmune Disease by Birte Eikeland

“…In the setting of anti-VGKC positivity, it seems likely that anti-VGKC contributed to the pathogenesis of the patient’s symptoms of nerve hyperexcitability and that the disease was caused by an acquired autoimmune effect on the neuronal kinetics of VGKC. …”
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Nephronophthisis: A Genetically Diverse Ciliopathy by Roslyn J. Simms, Ann Marie Hynes, Lorraine Eley, John A. Sayer

“…In this paper, we discuss the latest understanding in the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of NPHP. We suggest an appropriate clinical management plan and screening programme for individuals with NPHP and their families.…”
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Baricitinib Successfully Treated a Teenager with Refractory Livedoid Vasculopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review by Liu C, Jin YY, Han X, Huang H, Bao S, Xu X, Wang L, Jin Y

“…Chenxi Liu, Ying-Ying Jin, Xiqiong Han, Hua Huang, Shengfang Bao, Xuemei Xu, Liping Wang, Yanliang Jin Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yanliang Jin, Email jinyanliang@scmc.com.cnBackground: The pathogenesis is of livedoid vasculopathy (LV)—a rare, chronic, and recurrent cutaneous vascular obstructive disease—is not fully understood. …”
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Cellular cross-talk drives mesenchymal transdifferentiation in diabetic kidney disease by Arunita Chatterjee, Jacqueline Tumarin, Sharma Prabhakar

“…Recently, the focus of research on the pathogenesis of DKD has primarily centered around exploring the cross-talk between various signaling pathways in the diabetic kidney as well as cross-talk between tubular and glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes with special relevance to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). …”
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Genes Involved in the Biosynthesis and Transport of Acinetobactin in by Tarik Hasan, Chul Hee Choi, Man Hwan Oh

“…A recent study showed that entA, located outside of the acinetobactin gene cluster, plays important roles in the biosynthesis of the acinetobactin precursor DHBA and in bacterial pathogenesis. Therefore, understanding the genes that are associated with the biosynthesis and transport of acinetobactin in the bacterial genome is required. …”
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Schwann Cells in Neuromuscular Disorders: A Spotlight on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Kathryn R. Moss, Smita Saxena

“…This review explores the role of Schwann cells in ALS pathogenesis, highlighting their influence on disease progression through mechanisms involving demyelination, neuroinflammation, and impaired synaptic function. …”
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Exploring Long Noncoding RNAs in Glioblastoma: Regulatory Mechanisms and Clinical Potentials by Tao Zeng, Lei Li, Yan Zhou, Liang Gao

“…Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of GBMs with potential diagnostic and therapeutic value have been explored industriously. …”
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Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Type IV) with Dental Findings in Siblings by Shishir Ram Shetty, Deepa Dsouza, Subhas Babu, Preethi Balan

“…Genetic factors play a very important role in the pathogenesis of OI either as a dominant or recessive factor. …”
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A Case Report of X-Linked Hyperimmunoglobulin M Syndrome with Lipoma Arborescens of Knees by Qiuting Dong, Jinxia Zhao, Zhongqiang Yao, Xiangyuan Liu, Huiying He

“…Lipoma arborescens (LA) is a rare benign tumor, of which the pathogenesis mechanism has not been clearly understood. …”
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Cell Death and Ageing – A Question of Cell Type by Pidder Jansen-Dürr

“…While there are data suggesting that apoptotic cell death plays a key role for ageing in vitro and in the pathogenesis of various age-associated diseases, this is not reflected in the current literature on in vitro senescence. …”
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Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Ilias Zampros, Anna Praidou, Periklis Brazitikos, Panagiotis Ekonomidis, Sofia Androudi

“…Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered as a critical molecule in the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which characterizes the neovascular AMD. …”
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In vitro interleukin 4 and interferon-gamma production by mononuclear cells from atopic dermatitis patients by Serge Well, Friedhelm Diel

“…In order to elucidate further the possible role of specific cytokines in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) the in vitro production of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with severe atopic dermatitis (n = 4) was compared with that in a group of non-atopic healthy controls. …”
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αSynuclein and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Pathogenic Partnership in Parkinson’s Disease? by David Protter, Charmaine Lang, Antony A. Cooper

“…The protein αSynuclein is a central component in PD pathogenesis yet its cellular targets and mechanism of toxicity remains unknown. …”
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Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Andrea Stoccoro

“…Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone tail modifications, and the activity of non-coding RNAs, are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. While it is known that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in sexual differentiation and that distinct epigenetic patterns characterize females and males, sex-specific epigenetic patterns have been largely overlooked in studies aiming to identify epigenetic alterations associated with neurodegenerative diseases. …”
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Genetic Risk Factors for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Yiying Pei, George Boon-Bee Goh

“…Advances in human genetics over the past few decades have provided new opportunities to improve our understanding of the multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of MASLD. Notably, the PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR, MBOAT7 and HSD17B13 single nucleotide polymorphisms have been demonstrated to be robustly associated with MASLD development and disease progression. …”
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Bladder Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Basic Science and Implications for Therapy by Richard T. Bryan

“…We therefore urgently require detailed molecular insights into the pathogenesis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer so that the disease can be more adequately and appropriately treated at presentation, so that progression from stages Ta/T1 can be abrogated, and so that the risk of recurrence following treatment can be minimised. …”
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