T Regulatory and T Helper 17 Cells in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: Facts and Perspectives by Alessia Alunno, Francesco Carubbi, Onelia Bistoni, Sara Caterbi, Elena Bartoloni, Giulia Mirabelli, Francesca Cannarile, Paola Cipriani, Roberto Giacomelli, Roberto Gerli

“…The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of current knowledge on Treg cells and IL-17-producing T cells in pSS pathogenesis. We believe that these insights into pSS pathogenesis may provide the basis for successful therapeutic intervention in this disease.…”
Get full text

Immune Disorders in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: What Do We Know So Far? by Aleksandra Pyzik, Ewelina Grywalska, Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek, Jacek Roliński

“…This review of literature attempts to identify the factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto thyroiditis, an immune defect in an individual with genetic susceptibility accompanied with environmental factors. …”
Get full text

The Microbiome in Connective Tissue Diseases and Vasculitides: An Updated Narrative Review by Rossella Talotta, Fabiola Atzeni, Maria Chiara Ditto, Maria Chiara Gerardi, Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini

“…To provide a narrative review of the most recent data concerning the involvement of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and vasculitides. …”
Get full text

Analysis of the relationship between environmental particulate matter exposure and congenital diseases, as well as the epidemiological trends and burden of impact on newborns by Mulati Julaiti, Dilixiati Wubuli, Tingting Cui, Nadire Nijiati, Pengfei Huang, Bowen Hu

Get full text

Pharmacological Inactivation of Src Family Kinases Inhibits LPS-Induced TNF-α Production in PBMC of Patients with Behçet’s Disease by Sevgi Irtegun, Gulsum Pektanc, Zeynep M. Akkurt, Mehtap Bozkurt, Fatih M. Turkcu, Sevgi Kalkanli-Tas

“…Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic chronic inflammatory disease characterized by relapsing oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. The pathogenesis of BD is still unknown. Aberrant production of some cytokines/chemokines plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. …”
Get full text

Inflammatory Chemokine Expression via Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling in Normal Human Mesangial Cells by Hiroshi Tanaka, Tadaatsu Imaizumi

“…Based on our recent experimental studies using cultured normal human mesangial cells (MCs), we found that novel TLR3-mediated signaling pathways in MCs may be involved in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases. In the present paper, we summarize our recent findings.…”
Get full text

Mechanisms of Inflammation in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: From Bench to Bedside by Stavros N. Moysidis, Aristomenis Thanos, Demetrios G. Vavvas

“…New experiments have shed light on the pathogenesis of PVR and offer promising avenues for clinical intervention before PVR develops. …”
Get full text

The Effect of TNF-α on CHD and the Relationship between TNF-α Antagonist and CHD in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review by Yezhou Qian, Menghui Mao, Feige Nian

“…Meanwhile, this pro-inflammatory factor is also involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
Get full text

Imaging Reactive Oxygen Species in Arthritis by Wei-Tsung Chen, Ching-Hsuan Tung, Ralph Weissleder

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of arthritides. Luminol was used as the primary reporter of ROS and photons resulting from the chemiluminescence reaction were detected using a super-cooled CCD photon counting system. …”
Get full text

Cytokines in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy by Pengbo Zhang, Huang Zhu

“…In this review, we summarize the research development of different cytokines in TAO pathogenesis in the hope of discovering new therapeutic targets.…”
Get full text

Dysregulation of the Autophagy-Endolysosomal System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Related Motor Neuron Diseases by Asako Otomo, Lei Pan, Shinji Hadano

“…Although it remains to be determined whether disease-associated protein aggregates have a toxic or protective role in the pathogenesis, the formation of them results from the imbalance between generation and degradation of misfolded proteins within neuronal cells. …”
Get full text

Antioxidant Vitamins in the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: What Is the Evidence? by Sonia Rasoli, Nicholaos Kakouros, Leanne Harling, Philemon Gukop, Manish Soni, Thanos Athanasiou, Antonios Kourliouros

“…The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AF are poorly understood, although electrophysiological remodeling has been described as an important initiating step. …”
Get full text

Distinguishing rheumatoid arthritis from psoriatic arthritis by Joseph F Merola, Luis R Espinoza, Roy Fleischmann

“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have key differences in clinical presentation, radiographic findings, comorbidities and pathogenesis to distinguish between these common forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis. …”
Get full text

Research of Osteoarthritis Based on the Academic Thought of Chen Keji by Xianxiang LIU

“…The deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality is the core pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. (2) The treatment concept of osteoarthritis should be based on the principle of holistic concept and syndrome differentiation. …”
Get full text

Impaired RelA signaling and lipid metabolism dysregulation in hepatocytes: driving forces in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by Yihuai He, Jinlian Jiang, Lili Ou, Yunfen Chen, Aikedaimu Abudukeremu, Guimei Chen, Weiwei Zhong, Zhigang Jiang, Nuerbiye Nuermaimaiti, Yaqun Guan

“…Abstract RelA, also known as nuclear factor kappa B p65, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. However, the specific role of RelA in hepatocytes during the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is not well understood. …”
Get full text

Management of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Conventions and Controversies by Natasha Chandok, Gideon M Hirschfield

“…PSC is uncommon, occurs predominantly in males and has a strong association with inflammatory bowel disease. While the pathogenesis of PSC has not been fully elucidated, emerging evidence supports roles for the innate and adaptive immune systems, and genome-wide analyses have identified several genetic associations. …”
Get full text

A Quarter Century of Liver Transplantation: Learning from Livers by Paul C. Adams

“…Recurrence of the primary disease in the liver following transplantation has furthered understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatitis and the cell biology of hepatobiliary tumours. …”
Get full text

PDE4B promotes ferroptosis in nucleus pulposus cells and is involved in intervertebral disc degeneration by Weixing Xu, Rana Dhar, Danyang Zheng, Qi Peng, Yue Li, Sheng Mei, Huifang Tang

“…In the IDD rat model, PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast, ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, or Nrf2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF) delayed IDD pathogenesis. While administration of ferroptosis inducer elastin enhanced IDD pathogenesis. …”
Get full text

The Role of Pyroptosis‐Related Gene Signature and Immune Infiltration in Juvenile Dermatomyositis by Qiao W, Zhu C, Huang D, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhu T, Song Q, Yang X, Wang Y, Wang Y

“…Functional enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to elucidate the potential roles of PR-DEGs in JDM pathogenesis.Results: A total of 2526 common DEGs were identified, among which 12 PR-DEGs were identified, with CASP1, IRF1, NOD2, and PYCARD identified as hub PR-DEGs. …”
Get full text

Application of Proteomics to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives by Arash Assadsangabi, Caroline A. Evans, Bernard M. Corfe, Alan Lobo

“…Despite recent advances in decoding the pathophysiology of IBD, many questions regarding disease pathogenesis remain. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and knockout mouse models have significantly advanced our understanding of genetic susceptibility loci and inflammatory pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis. …”
Get full text