The Role of Cytokines in Nephrotic Syndrome by Elham Ahmadian, Yalda Rahbar Saadat, Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia, Milad Bastami, Mohammadali M. Shoja, Sepideh Zununi Vahed, Mohammadreza Ardalan

“…Evidence supports a role for T cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of INS. Glucocorticoids are the primary therapy for INS; however, steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) patients are at a higher risk of drug-induced side effects and harbor poor prognosis. …”
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Cytokines that Modulate the Differentiation of Th17 Cells in Autoimmune Uveitis by Kailei Guo, Xiaomin Zhang

“…Increasing evidence has suggested that T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of ocular immune disease. The association between pathogenic Th17 cells and the development of uveitis has been confirmed in experimental and clinical studies. …”
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Proteomic Analysis of Lung Tissue in a Rat Acute Lung Injury Model: Identification of PRDX1 as a Promoter of Inflammation by Dongdong Liu, Pu Mao, Yongbo Huang, Yiting Liu, Xiaoqing Liu, Xiaoqing Pang, Yimin Li

“…Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a high morbidity and mortality disease entity in critically ill patients, despite decades of numerous investigations into its pathogenesis. To obtain global protein expression changes in acute lung injury (ALI) lung tissues, we employed a high-throughput proteomics method to identify key components which may be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. …”
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The Inhibitory Effects of Alpha 1 Antitrypsin on Endosomal TLR Signaling Pathways by Ahmed S. Elshikha, Georges Abboud, Rigena Avdiaj, Laurence Morel, Sihong Song

“…Endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 play an important role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. The proteolytic processing of these receptors in the endolysosome is required for signaling in response to DNA and single-stranded RNA, respectively. …”
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Interleukin-29 Enhances Synovial Inflammation and Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis by Lingxiao Xu, Qiuyue Peng, Wenhua Xuan, Xiaoke Feng, Xiangqing Kong, Miaojia Zhang, Wenfeng Tan, Meilang Xue, Fang Wang

“…We have recently shown that IL-29 was an important proinflammatory cytokine in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Inflammation also contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). …”
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Cytokine Immunopathogenesis of Enterovirus 71 Brain Stem Encephalitis by Shih-Min Wang, Huan-Yao Lei, Ching-Chuan Liu

“…Cytokines and chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis EV71 brain stem encephalitis. Both the CNS and the systemic inflammatory responses to infection play important, but distinctly different, roles in the pathogenesis of EV71 pulmonary edema. …”
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Epigenetic Modifications and Potential New Treatment Targets in Diabetic Retinopathy by Lorena Perrone, Carmela Matrone, Lalit P. Singh

“…Further elucidation of epigenetic mechanisms, acting both at the cis- and trans-chromatin structural elements, will yield new insights into the pathogenesis of DR and will open the way for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets to prevent DR progression.…”
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A Review of the Physiological and Immunological Functions of Biliary Epithelial Cells: Targets for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Drug-induced Ductop... by Chih-Te Wu, Paul A. Davis, VelImir A. Luketic, M. Eric Gershwin

“…These then suggest a myriad of potential roles for BEC in defense from invading microorganisms as well as the pathogenesis of diverse immunologically driven diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), graft-versus-host disease, and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). …”
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Roles for Endothelial Cells in Dengue Virus Infection by Nadine A. Dalrymple, Erich R. Mackow

“…These effects implicate responses of the infected endothelium in dengue pathogenesis and rationalize therapeutic targeting of the endothelium and EC responses as a means of reducing the severity of dengue virus disease.…”
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Irritable bowel syndrome: pathophysiological and clinical issues by V. T. Ivashkin, Ye. A. Poluektova

“…To discuss the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and differential diagnostics of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Summary. …”
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Serotonin and Its Receptor as a New Antioxidant Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Kidney Disease by Yu Yang, Hui Huang, Zheng Xu, Jun-kai Duan

“…In this review, therefore, we summarize the published information available for the involvement of 5-HT and 5-HTR antagonists in the pathogenesis of various diabetic complications with a particular focus of DKD. …”
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Postoperative Acute Exacerbation of IPF after Lung Resection for Primary Lung Cancer by Atsushi Watanabe, Nobuyoshi Kawaharada, Tetsuya Higami

“…In this paper, the etiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, therapy, prognosis, and predictors of postoperative AEIPF are described.…”
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miR-214-3p Deficiency Enhances Caspase-1-Dependent Pyroptosis of Microglia in White Matter Injury by Liufang He, Tingyan Wei, Yong Huang, Xueli Zhang, Dongbo Zhu, Huazhen Liu, Zhangxing Wang

“…Pharmacology inhibition of caspase-1 cleavage alleviated the pathogenesis of WMI mice. The expression of microRNA miR-214-3p was largely reduced in the microglia of WMI mice compared to controls. …”
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Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Coexisting with Acute Pericarditis and Myocardial Bridge by Seyed Hashem Sezavar, Neda Toofaninejad, Shokoufeh Hajsadeghi, Hassan Riahi Beni, Reza Ghanavati, Marjan Hajahmadi, Morteza Hassanzadeh

“…We discuss the impact of these associations in better understanding of the pathogenesis of TCM.…”
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Altered Expression of Cellular Bcl-2 in the Progression of Hamster Cholangiocarcinogenesis by Byung-suk Jeon, Byung-IL Yoon

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Soluble Urokinase Receptor and the Kidney Response in Diabetes Mellitus by Ranadheer R. Dande, Vasil Peev, Mehmet M. Altintas, Jochen Reiser

“…The identification of specific pathways that govern DN will help us build a more comprehensive molecular model for the pathogenesis of the disease that can inform new opportunities for treatment.…”
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Burning Mouth Syndrome: Aetiopathogenesis and Principles of Management by L. Feller, J. Fourie, M. Bouckaert, R. A. G. Khammissa, R. Ballyram, J. Lemmer

“…Its aetiology and pathogenesis are obscure, but both psychogenic factors and peripheral and central neuropathies appear to be implicated. …”
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Phenotypes, Risk Factors, and Mechanisms of Adult-Onset Asthma by Pinja Ilmarinen, Leena E. Tuomisto, Hannu Kankaanranta

“…The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the pathogenesis of adult-onset asthma and to concentrate on the mechanisms and mediators involved in establishing adult-onset asthma in response to specific risk factors. …”
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Ferroptosis: mechanism and role in diabetes-related cardiovascular diseases by Ziyi Wang, Chao Wu, Dong Yin, Kefei Dou

“…This review summarizes ferroptosis-related mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular diseases and novel therapeutic choices targeting ferroptosis-related pathways. …”
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Significance of Persistent Inflammation in Respiratory Disorders Induced by Nanoparticles by Yasuo Morimoto, Hiroto Izumi, Etsushi Kuroda

“…Taken together, the presence of persistent inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases induced by nanomaterials.…”
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