The sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signaling pathway (sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and its receptor, sphingosine kinase) and epilepsy by Lin Wang, Qingxia Kong, Xinyi Leng, Howan Leung, Yang Li

“…We need to deeply study the pathogenesis of epilepsy and find drugs that can not only prevent the epileptogenesis and interfere with the process of epileptogenesis but also treat epilepsy comorbidities. …”
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Human induced pluripotent stem cell line XXMUFAi001-A generated from a patient harboring KCNH2 mutation (c. 2690 A>C) by Xiaolei Li, Junbiao Zhang, Xiaofeng Wang, Dawei Pu, Zhenling Zhang, Yifang Niu, Shuai Zhang, Zhenping Fan, Yuxuan Li, Peicheng Li, Hui Liu, Fenghua Lv, Yongchun Zhang, Ya’nan Li

“…The establishment of XXMUFAi001-A is crucial for investigating the pathogenesis and drug screening of LQT2.…”
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Endophytic Colletotrichum siamense for Biocontrol and Resistance Induction in Guarana Seedlings by Luana L. Casas, José O. Pereira, Pedro Q. Costa-Neto, José F. Silva, Lucas N. Almeida, Roberto A. Bianco, João L. Azevedo

“…Total proteins and enzymatic activities of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRPs), including peroxidase (POX), chitinase (CHI), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), were quantified. …”
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The Association between Serum Cytokines and Damage to Large and Small Nerve Fibers in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Francesca Magrinelli, Chiara Briani, Marcello Romano, Susanna Ruggero, Elisabetta Toffanin, Giuseppa Triolo, George Chummar Peter, Marialuigia Praitano, Matteo Francesco Lauriola, Giampietro Zanette, Stefano Tamburin

“…IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines might play a role in the pathogenesis of nerve fiber damage or represent a compensatory or neuroprotective mechanism.…”
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Aspergillus fumigatus is responsible for inflammation in a murine model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation by Alexandra Bouyssi, Alexis Trecourt, Tanguy Déméautis, Florence Persat, Olivier Glehen, Martine Wallon, Gilles Devouassoux, Abderrazzak Bentaher, Jean Menotti

“…Abstract Background In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a sensitization to A. fumigatus has been related to a decline in lung function, but the role of fungal agents in the disease pathogenesis remains unclear. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate whether cell inflammation could worsen after exposure to A. fumigatus spores in vitro and then, in mice, following chronic exposure to cigarette smoke mimicking COPD. …”
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Immune Activation, Immunosenescence, and Osteoprotegerin as Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Subclinical HIV-Associated Atherosclerosis by Alessandra D’Abramo, Maria Antonella Zingaropoli, Alessandra Oliva, Claudia D’Agostino, Samir Al Moghazi, Giulia De Luca, Marco Iannetta, Claudio Maria Mastroianni, Vincenzo Vullo

“…Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in HIV patients. Immune activation and immunosenescence of CD8+ T cell together with OPG plasma levels might be associated with the development and progression of early atherosclerosis, even in the case of viral suppression.…”
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Degradation of amyloid β-peptides catalyzed by nattokinase in vivo and in vitro by Aixin Ni, He Li, Ruya Wang, Rentong Sun, Yingjiu Zhang

“…Amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ42) plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis. Peripheral clearance of Aβ42 largely affects its level in the brain and affects AD progression. …”
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Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence by Byeonghwi Lim, Seung-Chai Kim, Hwan-Ju Kim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Young-Jun Seo, Chiwoong Lim, Yejee Park, Sunirmal Sheet, Dahye Kim, Do-Hwan Lim, Kyeongsoon Park, Kyung-Tai Lee, Won-Il Kim, Jun-Mo Kim

“…These findings provide a comprehensive description of the immune cellular landscape and differential PRRSV virulence mechanisms, which will help build new hypotheses to understand PRRSV pathogenesis and other respiratory infections.…”
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A Peptide Analogue of Selectin Ligands Attenuated Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Monocyte Activation by Zhishuai Ye, Shanfeng Zhang, Yubo Liu, Shujing Wang, Jianing Zhang, Rongchong Huang

“…Circulating monocytes play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Monocyte homing to sites of atherosclerosis is primarily initiated by selectin. …”
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Emergence of a blaNDM-5-carrying extensively drug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ST1718 in Saudi Arabia: Insights from comprehensive genome analysis by Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani, Thamer M. Brek

“…The presence of specific virulence factors along with carbapenem resistance in ECloa-JZ71 may enhance its pathogenesis, complicating treatment and control efforts. …”
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PMA1-containing extracellular vesicles of Candida albicans triggers immune responses and colitis progression by Zhen Xu, Shuping Qiao, Zelin Wang, Chen Peng, Yayi Hou, Baorui Liu, Guochun Cao, Tingting Wang

“…These findings indicate that PMA1 is a potential virulence factor responsible for the pathogenesis of C. albicans colitis.…”
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Disease-associated genetic variants in the regulatory regions of human genes: mechanisms of action on transcription and genomic resources for dissecting these mechanisms by E. V. Ignatieva, E. A. Matrosova

“…Whole genome and whole exome sequencing technologies play a very important role in the studies of the genetic aspects of the pathogenesis of various diseases. The ample use of genome-wide and exome-wide association study methodology (GWAS and EWAS) made it possible to identify a large number of genetic variants associated with diseases. …”
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Role of sclerostin in mastocytosis bone disease by Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek, Radosław Mlak, Dominika Pigoń-Zając, Witold Krupski, Marcin Mazurek, Aleksandra Tomczak, Karolina Chromik, Aleksandra Górska, Paweł Koźlik, Adrian Juda, Anna Kokoć, Maciej Dubaj, Tomasz Sacha, Marek Niedoszytko, Grzegorz Helbig, Michał Szczyrek, Justyna Szumiło, Teresa Małecka-Massalska, Marek Hus

“…Abstract Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by accumulation of clonal mast cells which can infiltrate several organs, most often spine (70%). The pathogenesis of mastocytosis bone disease is poorly understood. …”
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Disulfidptosis-related gene SLC3A2: a novel prognostic biomarker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by Xinyi Zhang, Yiqi Lin, Liang Shi, Aixia Zhai, Chao Wu, Qian-Ying Zhu

“…IntroductionNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), one of the most common malignancies of the head and neck, is characterised by a complex pathogenesis and an unfavourable prognosis. Recently, disulfidoptosis, a novel form of cell death, has been proposed. …”
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miR-21 and cathepsin B in familial Mediterranean fever: novel findings regarding their impact on disease severity by Emrah Yucesan, Mehmet Yildiz, Ramila Hajiyeva

“…The objective of this study was to examine the role of IL-1β levels and miR-21-5p, cathepsin B and pyrin levels, which were identified as potential factors causing IL-1β release through the use of bioinformatics tools, in the pathogenesis of FMF and their relationship with disease severity.Materials and methods 50 paediatric patients with FMF and 40 healthy children were enrolled in this study. …”
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Critical pathomechanisms of NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) clarified by treatment with omalizumab, an anti-IgE antibody by Hiroaki Hayashi, Makoto Ishii, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Masami Taniguchi

“…This review addresses the latest discoveries related to N-ERD pathogenesis and the significant effectiveness of omalizumab on N-ERD as a mast cell stabilizer. …”
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Blimp-1 orchestrates macrophage polarization and metabolic homeostasis via purine biosynthesis in sepsis by Wenjuan Peng, Qiushi Qin, Rui Li, Yujia Liu, Lan Li, Yue Zhang, Liuluan Zhu

“…Macrophage polarization plays a critical role in pathogenesis of sepsis, and the influence of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) on this polarization is an underexplored yet pivotal aspect. …”
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Dopamine receptors and key elements of the neurotrophins (BDNF, CDNF) expression patterns during critical periods of ontogenesis in the brain structures of mice with autism-like be... by P. D. Pravikova, M. A. Arssan, E. A. Zalivina, E. M. Kondaurova, E. A. Kulikova, I. I. Belokopytova, V. S. Naumenko

“…One of the currently promising hypotheses postulates a connection between the pathogenesis of ASD and the dysfunction of neurotransmitters and neurotrophins. …”
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A 7-Amino Acid Peptide Mimic from Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Inhibits Mouse Lung Th9 Cell Differentiation by Blocking CD81 Signaling during Allergic Lung Inflammation by Wanzhou Zhao, Conghao Tan, Xi Yu, Ruihe Yu, Qibing Mei, Yun Cheng

“…T helper (Th) cells orchestrate allergic lung inflammation in asthma pathogenesis. Th9 is a novel Th cell subset that mainly produces IL-9, a potent proinflammatory cytokine in asthma. …”
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Bidirectional approach of Punica granatum natural compounds: reduction in lung cancer and SARS-CoV-2 propagation by Md. Abul Barkat, Afreen Fatima, Bushra Riaz, Mohd. Zaheen Hassan, Tanveer Ahamad, Abdulkareem A. Alanezi, Harshita Barkat, Afaf F. Almuqati, Yahya I. Asiri, Sahabjada Siddiqui

“…The PGP phytoconstituents are suggested to be dual agents for lung cancer and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Graphical Abstract…”
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