Genetic Diversity, Repeat Motifs, and Natural Selection at the C-Terminal Knob-Associated Histidine Rich Protein (KAHRP) of Plasmodium falciparum Clinical Samples from Saudi Arabia by Saad M. Bin Dajem, Md Atique Ahmed, Marie Fe F Bohol, Syeda Wasfeea Wazid, Mohammed I. Shafeai, Fuad H. Rudiny, Ali M. Motaen, Kareem Morsy, Hani Alothaid, Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani

“…Plasmodium falciparum knob-associated histidine-rich proteins (PfKAHRPs) play an important role in cerebral malaria pathophysiology as well as pathogenesis of P. falciparum infections. The repeat region of PfKAHRP C-terminal interaction domain has been found to bind to the infected red blood cells and the vascular endothelium. …”
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ATF3 Knockdown Exacerbates Astrocyte Activation by Inhibiting Phosphorylation of Drp1 in Ischemic Stroke by Huang R, Huang X, Yang H, Wu H, Liu F, Saw PE, Cao M

“…Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key factor in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, and impaired mitochondrial function in astrocytes is associated with astrocyte activation. …”
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Physically engineered extracellular vesicles targeted delivering miR-21-5p to promote renoprotection after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by Di Wu, Wenjie Ma, Liucheng Wang, Chengcheng Long, Silin Chen, Jingyu Liu, Yiguan Qian, Jun Zhao, Changcheng Zhou, Ruipeng Jia

“…Endothelial injury plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of renal IRI. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise as cell-free therapies for treating renal IRI; however, their efficacy is limited by low delivery efficiency. …”
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Exosomes Play an Important Role in the Progression of Plasma Cell Mastitis via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway by Xiaohong Wang, Yong Han, Jian Liu, Yingzhe Zhang, Kai Cheng, Jiwei Guo, Qingqun Guo, Song Liu, Hongguang Sun, Yitong Hua, Guoqiang Zhang, Shujian Xu, Fengli Guo, Zhenlin Yang

“…Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is one of the most frequently encountered inflammatory diseases of the nonlactating breast. However, its pathogenesis has remained unknown. Methods. In this study, we observed the ultrastructure changes of PCM by a transmission electron microscope. …”
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Preliminary evidence of immune infiltration and neutrophil degranulation in peripheral blood of non-obese OSA patients related to cognitive decline by Qingqing Liu, Yanru Ou, Ting Liu, Yuming He, Xiangming Quan, Ruoyun Ouyang, Zhihui Shi

“…The process is related to OSA severity and cognitive impairment, implying its role in pathogenesis.…”
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Human striatal progenitor cells that contain inducible safeguards and overexpress BDNF rescue Huntington’s disease phenotypes by Danielle A. Simmons, Sridhar Selvaraj, Tingshuo Chen, Gloria Cao, Talita Souto Camelo, Tyne L.M. McHugh, Selena Gonzalez, Renata M. Martin, Juste Simanauskaite, Nobuko Uchida, Matthew H. Porteus, Frank M. Longo

“…Reduced trophic support due to decreased striatal levels of neurotrophins (NTs), mainly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), contributes importantly to HD pathogenesis; restoring NTs has significant therapeutic potential. …”
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Celecoxib Improves Host Defense through Prostaglandin Inhibition during Histoplasma capsulatum Infection by Priscilla Aparecida Tartari Pereira, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Adriana Secatto, Roberto Nicolete, Camila Peres-Buzalaf, Simone Gusmão Ramos, Ruxana Sadikot, Claudia da Silva Bitencourt, Lúcia Helena Faccioli

“…These results suggest that prostaglandins alter the host immune response and play an important role in the pathogenesis of histoplasmosis. Thus, the inhibition of prostaglandins could be a valuable immunomodulatory strategy and antifungal therapy for histoplasmosis treatment.…”
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Identification of SETD4 as an Onco‐Immunological Biomarker Encompassing the Tumor Microenvironment, Prognoses, and Therapeutic Responses in Various Human Cancers by Yuyun Zhong, Ruiqi Wang, Zijie Huang, Zhaoting Hu, Bin Peng, Bin Chen, Liyue Sun

“…A limited number of systematic studies have examined SETD4's role in the tumor microenvironment, pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. Methods Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and other publicly accessible platforms, we comprehensively analyzed SETD4 gene expression, methylation patterns, and prognostic significance. …”
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Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identifies hub genes associated with immune cell infiltration in early-onset schizophrenia by Shasha Wu, Tailian Xue, Yilin Li, Weikang Chen, Yan Ren

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated a broad link between immune dysregulation and the central nervous system in EOS, and its pathogenesis involves immune dysfunction, but the exact biological mechanisms have not been elucidated. …”
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Analysis of MLKL, RIP1 and RIP3 Immunostaining Markers in Human Liver Tissue from Fatal Yellow Fever Cases: Insights into Necroptosis by Vanessa do Socorro Cabral Miranda, Luiz Fabio Magno Falcão, Hellen Thais Fuzii, Marcos Luiz Gaia Carvalho, Jeferson da Costa Lopes, Arnaldo Jorge Martins Filho, Ana Cecilia Ribeiro Cruz, Raimunda do Socorro da Silva Azevedo, Jorge Rodrigues de Sousa, Mayumi Duarte Wakimoto, Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos, Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma

“…Immunostaining confirmed the localization of MLKL, RIP1 and RIP3 in hepatocytes and inflammatory infiltrates, highlighting their involvement in the pathogenesis of YF. A Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated significant correlations among necroptosis markers, which indicates their coordinated regulation during YF-induced liver injury.…”
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Increased TLR4 Expression Aggravates Sepsis by Promoting IFN-γ Expression in CD38−/− Mice by Qi Li, Chenyi Wu, Zhenlong Liu, Huiqing Zhang, Yuna Du, Yuxiang Liu, Kuangyu Song, Qiaofa Shi, Rong Li

“…Many studies have proven that an attenuated Gram-positive bacterium induces sepsis in a CD38-blocking model. However, the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacteria-induced sepsis in a CD38−/− mouse model remains unclear. …”
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Lipidic folding pathway of α-Synuclein via a toxic oligomer by Vrinda Sant, Dirk Matthes, Hisham Mazal, Leif Antonschmidt, Franz Wieser, Kumar T. Movellan, Kai Xue, Evgeny Nimerovsky, Marianna Stampolaki, Magdeline Nathan, Dietmar Riedel, Stefan Becker, Vahid Sandoghdar, Bert L. de Groot, Christian Griesinger, Loren B. Andreas

“…Abstract Aggregation intermediates play a pivotal role in the assembly of amyloid fibrils, which are central to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The structures of filamentous intermediates and mature fibrils are now efficiently determined by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. …”
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Anti-IL-5 treatment, but not neutrophil interference, attenuates inflammation in a mixed granulocytic asthma mouse model, elicited by air pollution by Joyceline De Volder, Annelies Bontinck, Valerie Haelterman, Louis Boon, Guy F. Joos, Guy G. Brusselle, Tania Maes

“…Abstract Introduction Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) have been proven to aggravate asthma pathogenesis. We previously demonstrated that concurrent exposure to house dust mite (HDM) and DEP in mice increases both eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and also results in higher levels of neutrophil-recruiting chemokines and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation compared to sole HDM, sole DEP or saline exposure. …”
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Preserved Expression of Skin Neurotrophic Factors in Advanced Diabetic Neuropathy Does Not Lead to Neural Regeneration despite Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation by František Saudek, Monika Cahová, Terezie Havrdová, Klára Zacharovová, Helena Daňková, Luděk Voska, Věra Lánská, Nurcan Üçeyler, Claudia Sommer

“…Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes with potential severe consequences. Its pathogenesis involves hyperglycemia-linked mechanisms, which may include changes in the expression of neurotrophic growth factors. …”
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Identification and validation of diagnostic genes IFI44 and IRF9 in insomnia-associated autoimmune uveitis by Chao Wu, Hui Feng, Meng Tian, Baorui Chu, Xianyang Liu, Shuhao Zeng, Yakun Wang, Hong Wang, Shengping Hou, Qingfeng Liang

“…We investigated insomnia-associated genes that may contribute to AU pathogenesis and sought to identify potential biomarkers for insomnia-associated AU.MethodsMicroarray data related to insomnia and AU were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed. …”
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Histological staining of tick bite skin biopsies for spirochetes and Powassan virus RNA by Jihane Oufattole, Anne Piantadosi, Sam R. Telford, Alvaro C. Laga, Isaac H. Solomon

“…Examination of skin biopsies using similar tools may prove valuable in studying the pathogenesis of diseases, such as southern tick-associated rash illness, for which a causative pathogen has not yet been identified.…”
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Dynamin-1 is a potential mediator in cancer-related cognitive impairment by Ding Quan Ng, Casey Hudson, Tracy Nguyen, Sukesh Kumar Gupta, Yong Qin Koh, Munjal M. Acharya, Alexandre Chan

“…Through a stepwise approach, this study investigated the role of DNM1 in CRCI pathogenesis, incorporating both human data and animal models. …”
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Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Russian Scientific Liver Society, Russian Gastroenterological Association, Russian Association of Endocrinologists, Russian Association of Geron... by V. T. Ivashkin, M. V. Maevskaya, M. S. Zharkova, Yu. V. Kotovskaya, O. N. Tkacheva, E. A. Troshina, M. V. Shestakova, I. V. Maev, V. V. Breder, N. I. Gheivandova, V. L. Doshchitsin, E. N. Dudinskaya, E. V. Ershova, Kh. B. Kodzoeva, K. A. Komshilova, N. V. Korochanskaya, A. Yu. Mayorov, E. E. Mishina, M. Yu. Nadinskaya, I. G. Nikitin, N. V. Pogosova, A. I. Tarzimanova, M. Sh. Shamkhalova

“…Clinical guidelines provide current views on pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a multisystem disease, methods of invasive and noninvasive diagnosis of steatosis and liver fibrosis, principles of nondrug treatment and pharmacotherapy of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and associated conditions. …”
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Expression and Function of Ephrin-B1 and Its Cognate Receptor EphB2 in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Aiji Sakamoto, Masaaki Kawashiri, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda, Yuka Sugamoto, Tsuyoshi Yoshimuta, Takeo Higashikata, Hitoshi Ogino, Hayato Tada, Tetsuo Konno, Kenshi Hayashi, Masakazu Yamagishi

“…These data suggest that ephrin-B1 and EphB2 might be functional in human adult inflammatory cells and involved in the pathogenesis of AAA, although specific roles of these molecules should further be sought.…”
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Lipid mediators in post-mortem brain samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review by Aidan D. Tyrrell, Giulia Cisbani, Mackenzie E. Smith, Chuck T. Chen, Yue-Tong Chen, Raphael Chouinard-Watkins, Kathryn E. Hopperton, Ameer Y. Taha, Richard P. Bazinet

“…Overall, these results are consistent with the involvement of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD measured by lipid mediators. However, the specific contribution of each lipid metabolite and enzymes to either the progression or persistence of AD remains unclear, and more research is required.…”
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