From Natural Hosts to Agricultural Threats: The Evolutionary Journey of Phytopathogenic Fungi by Asanka Madhushan, Dulan Bhanuka Weerasingha, Evgeny Ilyukhin, Paul W. J. Taylor, Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake, Jian-Kui Liu, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura

“…Since the domestication of plants, pathogenic fungi have consistently threatened crop production, evolving genetically to develop increased virulence under various selection pressures. …”
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CDK12 antagonizes a viral suppressor of RNAi to modulate antiviral RNAi in Drosophila by Liqin Zhang, Yu Liang, Jiayu Qin, Chen Liu, Mengwei Shang, Xiaoming Sun

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The effect of salicylic and jasmonic acids on the activity of <i>SnAGO</i> genes in the fungus <i>Stagonospora nodorum</i> Berk. in <i>in vitro</i> culture and during infection o... by M. Yu. Shein, G. F. Burkhanova, I. V. Maksimov

“…However, their role in this mechanism, both in the host plant organism and in the pathogen, has not yet been fully elucidated. In this work, we identified and phylogenetically analyzed the SnAGO1, SnAGO2, SnAGO3, and SnAGO18 genes of the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora nodorum Berk., and analyzed their expression under conditions of infection of plants with varying degrees of resistance to the pathogen. …”
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Antifungal Effect of Cinnamon Bark Extract on the Phytopathogenic Fungus Fusarium sporotrichioides by Katarina Martinko, Eni Mioč

“…The microscopic changes also show a reduction in pathogen sporulation and a possible reduction in mycotoxin production. …”
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Impact of Grass Endophyte on Leaf Spot in Perennial Ryegrass Caused by <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> and Subsequent Aphids’ Feeding Preference by Ziyuan Ma, Jia He, Youlei Shen, Yingde Li, Ping Wang, Tingyu Duan

“…This study investigated the effects of grass endophyte on leaf spot disease caused by fungal pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> and subsequent feeding preferences of aphids (<i>Rhopalosiphum maidis</i>) on perennial ryegrass, with a particular focus on how grass endophyte influence the interactions between pathogens and aphids. …”
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Seasonality and the effectiveness of mass vaccination by Dennis L. Chao, Dobromir T. Dimitrov

“…., school calendars or seasonal migration).If a pathogen is only transmissible for a limited period of time each year,then seasonal outbreaks could infect fewer individuals than expected given the pathogen's in-season transmissibility.Influenza, with its short serial interval and long season,probably spreads throughout a population until a substantial fraction of susceptible individuals are infected.Dengue, with a long serial interval and shorter season,may be constrained by its short transmission season rather than the depletion of susceptibles.Using mathematical modeling, we show that mass vaccination is most efficient,in terms of infections prevented per vaccine administered,at high levels of coverage for pathogens that have relatively long epidemicseasons, like influenza, and at low levels of coverage for pathogens with short epidemic seasons, like dengue.Therefore, the length of a pathogen's epidemic season may need to beconsidered when evaluating the costs and benefits of vaccination programs.…”
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Positive and Negative Regulation of Cellular Immune Responses in Physiologic Conditions and Diseases by S. Viganò, M. Perreau, G. Pantaleo, A. Harari

“…The immune system has evolved to allow robust responses against pathogens while avoiding autoimmunity. This is notably enabled by stimulatory and inhibitory signals which contribute to the regulation of immune responses. …”
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Potential Infectious Complications in Pig Xenograft Donors and Recipients by Nicolas J. Mueller, Linda Scobie

“…The concept of “designated pathogen-free donor animals” was developed to ensure elimination of pathogens during the breeding of donor animals to mitigate this occurrence. …”
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Investigating the role of intratumoral Streptococcus mitis in gastric cancer progression: insights into tumor microenvironment by Ping Yang, Gaoli Liang, Yangyue Ni, Xiaojie Chu, Xiaoshan Zhang, Zhongyu Wang, Adeel Khan, Fangfang Jin, Han Shen, Miao Li, Zhipeng Xu

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Neuropeptides SP and CGRP Diminish the Moraxella catarrhalis Outer Membrane Vesicle- (OMV-) Triggered Inflammatory Response of Human A549 Epithelial Cells and Neutrophils by Daria Augustyniak, Justyna Roszkowiak, Izabela Wiśniewska, Jacek Skała, Daiva Gorczyca, Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa

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Mycobacterium avium Infection of Multinucleated Giant Cells Reveals Association of Bacterial Survival to Autophagy and Cholesterol Utilization by Jayanthi J. Joseph, Amy Leestemaker-Palmer, Soheila Kazemi, Lia Danelishvili, Luiz E. Bermudez

“…Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (M. avium) is an opportunistic environmental pathogen that typically infects patients with existing lung conditions such as cystic fibrosis or COPD. …”
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Existence of Traveling Wave Solutions for Cholera Model by Tianran Zhang, Qingming Gou, Xiaoli Wang

“…To investigate the spreading speed of cholera, Codeço’s cholera model (2001) is developed by a reaction-diffusion model that incorporates both indirect environment-to-human and direct human-to-human transmissions and the pathogen diffusion. The two transmission incidences are supposed to be saturated with infective density and pathogen density. …”
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Insights into incompatible plasmids in multidrug-resistant Raoultella superbugs by Jiao Feng, Changxin Wu, Dongsheng Zhou, Lingfei Hu, Kai Mu, Zhe Yin

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Inhibition and evasion of neutrophil microbicidal responses by Legionella longbeachae by Hannah E. Hanford, Christopher T. D. Price, Silvia Uriarte, Yousef Abu Kwaik

“…However, most intracellular bacterial pathogens are restricted in neutrophils, which are the first line of innate immune defense against invading pathogens. …”
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Evaluating Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection dynamics in rice for distribution routes and environmental reservoirs by molecular approaches by Onchira Ritbamrung, Phithak Inthima, Kumrop Ratanasut, Kawee Sujipuli, Tepsuda Rungrat, Kittisak Buddhachat

“…Abstract Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a bacterial pathogen responsible for bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice, which can result in significant yield losses of up to 70%. …”
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Quantification of Persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Contrasting Soils by A. Mark Ibekwe, Sharon K. Papiernik, Catherine M. Grieve, Ching-Hong Yang

“…This study shows that if soil is contaminated with E. coli O157:H7, fumigation alone may not eliminate the pathogen, but may cause decrease in microbial diversity which may enhance the survival of the pathogen.…”
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POCT Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by PGM and Application of Preventing Nosocomial Infection of Bronchoscopy by Tao Wen, Houqi Ning, Yinping Yang, Jinze Zhang

“…Background. The primary pathogen responsible for bronchoscope contamination is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. …”
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The impact of resources availability on phytophthora population dynamics and ecosystem health by Afandi Auliana, Yosilia Rani, Agustiani Mala, Rustiaty Banon, Sinaga Rismawita, Khodijah Siti, Anggraini Reny Tri

“…Conversely, resource limitations may suppress pathogen populations but can also lead to reduced host plant vigor, indirectly affecting ecosystem health. …”
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Dual RNA-seq reveals transcriptome changes during Fusarium virguliforme-Trichoderma afroharzianum interactions. by Mirian F Pimentel, Leonardo F Rocha, Arjun Subedi, Jason P Bond, Ahmad M Fakhoury

“…While extensive work has been done to understand Trichoderma antagonistic mechanisms, additional research is needed to fully understand how Trichoderma spp. recognize the pathogen-host and the intra-species variability i frequently observed upon interaction with a specific pathogen-host. …”
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Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of Mosquito Salivary Proteins: New Frontiers in Disease Transmission and Control by Jiayin Guo, Xiaoe He, Jianli Tao, Hui Sun, Jing Yang

“…Mosquito-borne diseases are a group of illnesses caused by pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes, and they are globally prevalent, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. …”
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