NIAID Workshop Report: Systematic Approaches for ESKAPE Bacteria Antigen Discovery by Inka Sastalla, Keehwan Kwon, Clayton Huntley, Kimberly Taylor, Liliana Brown, Tamika Samuel, Lanling Zou

“…The goal of the workshop was to engage scientists from diverse relevant backgrounds to explore novel technologies that can be harnessed to identify and address current roadblocks impeding advances in antigen and vaccine discoveries for the ESKAPE pathogens (<i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa,</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> species). …”
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Cardiopulmonary bypass associated acute kidney injury: better understanding and better prevention by Xutao Yang, Li Zhu, Hong Pan, Yi Yang

“…Finally, we explore current interventions aimed at preventing and attenuating renal impairment related to CPB, and presenting these measures from three perspectives: (1) avoiding CPB to eliminate the fundamental impact on renal function; (2) optimizing CPB by adjusting equipment parameters, optimizing surgical procedures, or using improved materials to mitigate kidney damage; (3) employing pharmacological or interventional measures targeting pathogenic factors.…”
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Essential Oils-Loaded Electrospun Biopolymers: A Future Perspective for Active Food Packaging by Shahla Ataei, Pedram Azari, Aziz Hassan, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Rosiyah Yahya, Farina Muhamad

“…EOs can inhibit the growth of superficial food pathogens, modify nutritious values without affecting the sensory qualities of food, and prolong the shelf life when used in food packaging as an active ingredient. …”
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<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa pqs</i> Quorum Sensing Mediates Interaction with <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> In Vitro by Yun Long, Zhi Li, Menglu Li, Peiyi Lu, Yujia Deng, Pengyao Wu, Xue Li, Gangjian Qin, Jiamin Huang, Wenying Gao, Guobao Li, Tianyuan Jia, Liang Yang

“…<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> are opportunistic pathogens that cause severe infections in hospitals, and their co-infections are increasingly reported. …”
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Peripheral proteinopathy in neurodegenerative diseases by Bin Xu, Xia Lei, Ying Yang, Jiayi Yu, Jun Chen, Zhi Xu, Keqiang Ye, Jing Zhang

“…This review summarizes the distribution, transportation pathways, and pathogenic mechanisms of several neurodegenerative disease-related pathological proteins in the periphery, proposing that targeting these peripheral pathological proteins could be a promising strategy for preventing and managing neurological diseases.…”
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Effects of tissue type and season on the detection of regulated sugarcane viruses by high throughput sequencing by Stephen Bolus, Kate Wathen-Dunn, Samuel C. Grinstead, Xiaojun Hu, Martha Malapi, Dimitre Mollov

“…Abstract High throughput sequencing (HTS) can supplement and may replace diagnostic tests for plant pathogens. However, the methodology and processing of HTS data must first be optimized and standardized to ensure the sensitivity and repeatability of the results. …”
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In vivo regulation of the monocyte phenotype by Mycobacterium marinum and the ESX-1 type VII secretion system by Kristina Munke, Line Wulff, Julia Lienard, Fredric Carlsson, William W. Agace

“…Abstract Pathogenic mycobacteria require the conserved ESX-1 type VII secretion system to cause disease. …”
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Transplant Tolerance: New Insights and Strategies for Long-Term Allograft Acceptance by Paulina Ruiz, Paula Maldonado, Yessia Hidalgo, Alejandra Gleisner, Daniela Sauma, Cinthia Silva, Juan Jose Saez, Sarah Nuñez, Mario Rosemblatt, Maria Rosa Bono

“…Despite the potential of organ transplantation, the administration of immunosuppressive drugs required for allograft acceptance induces severe immunosuppression in transplanted patients, which leads to serious side effects such as infection with opportunistic pathogens and the occurrence of neoplasias, in addition to the known intrinsic toxicity of these drugs. …”
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PI3K Functions in Cancer Progression, Anticancer Immunity and Immune Evasion by Tumors by Francesco Dituri, Antonio Mazzocca, Gianluigi Giannelli, Salvatore Antonaci

“…The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates multiple cellular processes which underlie immune responses against pathogens or malignant cells. Conversely, there is accumulating evidence that the PI3K pathway is involved in the development of several malignant traits of cancer cells as well as their escape from immunity. …”
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Manipulation of Type I Interferon Signaling by HIV and AIDS-Associated Viruses by Buyuan He, James T. Tran, David Jesse Sanchez

“…However, as additional studies into the function of Type I Interferons progressed, it was also seen that pathogenic viruses have coevolved to encode potent mechanisms allowing them to evade or suppress the impact of Type I Interferons on their replication. …”
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Genomic analysis of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from manure and manured agricultural grasslands by C. Tyrrell, C. M. Burgess, F. P. Brennan, D. Münzenmaier, D. Drissner, R. J. Leigh, F. Walsh

“…The environment can harbour Escherichia coli that are pathogenic or commensal. Escherichia coli is used as an indicator of environmental faecal contamination. …”
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Antifungal Resistance and New Strategies to Control Fungal Infections by Patrick Vandeputte, Selene Ferrari, Alix T. Coste

“…Discovery of new putative antifungal targets is performed through genome-wide approaches for a better understanding of the human pathogenic fungi biology.…”
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A Case of Cardiac Arrest during C1 Laminectomy for Irreducible Atlantoaxial Subluxation by Yosuke Shibao, Masao Koda, Keita Nakayama, Tomoyuki Asada, Kosuke Sato, Mamoru Kono, Fumihiko Eto, Kentaro Mataki, Hiroshi Kumagai, Katsuya Nagashima, Kousei Miura, Hiroshi Noguchi, Hiroshi Takahashi, Toru Funayama, Tetsuya Abe, Masashi Yamazaki

“…There was no postoperative worsening of neurological symptoms, and the improvement of sensory and motor palsy was favorable. The pathogenic mechanism was presumed to be trigeminocardiac reflex. …”
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Evaluation of Halogenated Coumarins for Antimosquito Properties by Venugopala K. Narayanaswamy, Raquel M. Gleiser, Kabange Kasumbwe, Bandar E. Aldhubiab, Mahesh V. Attimarad, Bharti Odhav

“…Mosquitoes are the major vectors of parasites and pathogens affecting humans and domestic animals. The widespread development of insecticide resistance and negative environmental effects of most synthetic compounds support an interest in finding and developing alternative products against mosquitoes. …”
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Immunomagnetic Separation of Salmonella Typhimurium Based on Microfluidic Chip by JIN Yan, WANG Jingyi, CHENG Jianing, YU Lemin, ZHANG Bichen, ZHANG Yibo, XU Tongyu

“…This highly integrated immunomagnetic separation microfluidic system can enrich target bacteria from complex food matrices rapidly and accurately, thus providing an effective solution for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, which is of great significance in addressing public health problems caused by foodborne diseases.…”
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Juvenile Hemochromatosis due to a Homozygous Variant in the HJV Gene by María-Belén Moreno-Risco, Manuel Méndez, María-Isabel Moreno-Carralero, Ana-María López-Moreno, José-Manuel Vagace-Valero, María-José Morán-Jiménez

“…Juvenile hemochromatosis type 2a and 2b is an autosomal recessive disease caused by pathogenic variants in HJV and HAMP genes, respectively. …”
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Probiotics and Prebiotics: Role in Prevention of Nosocomial Sepsis in Preterm Infants by Vrinda Nair, Amuchou S. Soraisham

“…The gastrointestinal tract is an important source of potential pathogens causing nosocomial sepsis as the immature intestinal epithelium can permit translocation of bacteria and yeast. …”
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Classification of distinct tendinopathy subtypes for precision therapeutics by Chenqi Tang, Zetao Wang, Yuanhao Xie, Yang Fei, Junchao Luo, Canlong Wang, Yue Ying, Peiwen He, Ruojing Yan, Yangwu Chen, Jiayun Huang, Yiwen Xu, Zicheng Wang, Boon Chin Heng, Hengzhi Liu, Jianyou Li, Zi Yin, Haobo Wu, Weishan Chen, Hongwei Ouyang, Xiao Chen, Weiliang Shen

“…Hence, this study attempted a classification of 126 diseased tendons into three distinct subtypes with opposite pathogenic mechanisms based on transcriptomic and clinical features. …”
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Fatty acids in overwintering egg sacs of pirate spiders Ero sp. (Mimetidae) and wasp spiders Argiope bruennichi (Araneidae) by U. Suprunowicz, A. Piotrowska-Niczyporuk, A. Kostro-Ambroziak

“…Egg sacs protect spider eggs and the spiderlings inside them from external factors (e.g. physical conditions, pathogens and predators), providing a form of passive maternal care for the offspring. …”
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Strategies for the Development of Bioprotective Cultures in Food Preservation by Luana Virgínia Souza, Evandro Martins, Isabella Maria Fernandes Botelho Moreira, Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho

“…In this context, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been extensively prospected as a bioprotective culture, as they have a long history in food production and their antimicrobial activity against spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms is well established. However, to make LAB cultures available in the market is not that easy, the strains should be characterized phenotypically and genotypically, and studies of safety and technological application are necessary to validate their bioprotection performance. …”
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