Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs): Revisiting Their Role in Sport and Health by Aleksandra Kajtel, Anna Skowronek, Martyna Piekarska, Katarzyna Dąbek, Michał Ochwat, Maria Sudoł, Gabriela Mierzwa

“…Safety data indicates leucine is well-tolerated at dosages up to 0.53 g/kg/day, but optimal dosages and timing require further study. …”
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Enhanced MICP for Soil Improvement and Heavy Metal Remediation: Insights from Landfill Leachate-Derived Ureolytic Bacterial Consortium by Armstrong Ighodalo Omoregie, Fock-Kui Kan, Hazlami Fikri Basri, Muhammad Oliver Ensor Silini, Adharsh Rajasekar

“…Experimental conditions identified yeast extract-based media as most effective for bacterial growth, urease activity, and calcite formation compared to nutrient broth and brown sugar media. Optimal MICP conditions, at pH 8–9 and 30 °C, supported the most efficient biomineralization. …”
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A Novel Method to Evaluate the Effect of Slope Blasting under Impact Loading by Wenhai Zhou, Zhenbao Li, Xin Wu, Shujiang Wang, Yaru Lv, Xiaoming Lou, Chaofei Du, Rui Liang

“…The validity index of the maximum membership principle is used to assess the accuracy of the evaluation results of two algorithms, and a relevant approaching degree is chosen to optimize the results. The entire evaluation process selects eleven indicators to form an evaluation set, including the boulder yield, root rate, flying distance of flyrock, explosive consumption, postcracking distance, detonator unit consumption, vibration velocity, loose coefficient, cast distance, throw rate, and blasted volume per meter of hole. …”
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Hypergravity as a Possible Way of Bone Tissue Engineering in Osteoblastic Differentiation from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review by Wisnu Sudrajad, Andre Erica Indrawan, Devangga Kusuma, Bagus Wibowo Soetojo, Heri Suroto

“…This study revealed that a gravity force of 30G and a culture duration of 7 to 14 days are the most optimal combination for inducing osteoblastic differentiation in MSCs.…”
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Performance evaluation of bio/chemical leaching solution and nano catalyst in upgrading and enhancing oil recovery by Mohammad Hossein Shabani, Parya Torkaman, Hamidreza Farshadfar, Arezou Jafari, Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi

“…The comprehensive evaluation of catalytic performance under dynamic conditions provides valuable insights into optimizing recovery processes and underscores the dual economic and environmental benefits of this approach.…”
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BA-ATEMNet: Bayesian Learning and Multi-Head Self-Attention for Theoretical Denoising of Airborne Transient Electromagnetic Signals by Weijie Wang, Xuben Wang, Xiaodong Yu, Debiao Luo, Xinyue Liu, Kai Yang, Wen Yang, Xiaolan Yang, Ke Hu, Wenyi Hu

“…Traditional denoising methods often fall short in addressing these complex noise backgrounds, leading to less-than-optimal signal extraction. To tackle this issue, a deep learning-based denoising network, called BA-ATEMNet, is introduced, using Bayesian learning alongside a multi-head self-attention mechanism to effectively denoise ATEM signals. …”
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Using artificial intelligence based language interpretation in non-urgent paediatric emergency consultations: a clinical performance test and legal evaluation by Julia Brandenberger, Ian Stedman, Noah Stancati, Karen Sappleton, Sarathy Kanathasan, Jabeen Fayyaz, Devin Singh

“…Establishing legal and policy frameworks for language interpretation in healthcare is crucial, alongside addressing funding and data security concerns, to optimize the use of AI-based translation tools in healthcare contexts.…”
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Co-occurrence of a Mullerian anomaly and Kallmann syndrome: A case report by Lea C. George, Rebecca Gendelman, Anat Chemerinski, Pierre Lespinasse, Inessa A. Goldman, Sara Morelli

“…The possibility of co-occurring pathologies should always be considered to provide optimal care to the patient.…”
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Effect of low frequency magnetic field (LFMF) on germination and vigour of accelerated aged radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds by Xia Xianzong, Zająс-Woźnialis Anna, Padula Gregorio, Kubisz Leszek, Hołubowicz Roman

“…The results showed that LFMF treatment has improved the germination and vigour of the AA radish seeds. The optimal seed treatment conditions of the cultivars were different: for the cultivar C - 20 μT, 120 min. and for the cultivar SBK - 20 μT, 60 min. …”
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Cockpit-Llama: Driver Intent Prediction in Intelligent Cockpit via Large Language Model by Yi Chen, Chengzhe Li, Qirui Yuan, Jinyu Li, Yuze Fan, Xiaojun Ge, Yun Li, Fei Gao, Rui Zhao

“…During fine-tuning, we adopt the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) method to efficiently optimize the parameters of the Llama3-8b-Instruct model, significantly reducing training costs. …”
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A Weighted Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression Approach for Predicting the Growth of Indoor-Cultured Abalone by Seung-Won Seo, Gyumin Choi, Ho-Jin Jung, Mi-Jin Choi, Young-Dae Oh, Hyun-Seok Jang, Han-Kyu Lim, Seongil Jo

“…The proposed model not only improves prediction accuracy compared to baseline methods, but also provides actionable insights into the environmental dynamics that optimize abalone growth. These findings underscore the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in enhancing aquaculture practices and offer a robust framework for managing complex, multi-variable systems in sustainable farming.…”
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New Optic Nerve Sonography Quality Criteria in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury by Ibrahim Soliman, Garrett G. R. J. Johnson, Lawrence M. Gillman, Frederick A. Zeiler, Fahad Faqihi, Waleed Tharwat Aletreby, Abdullah Balhamar, Nasir Nasim Mahmood, Shahzad Ahmad Mumtaz, Abdulrahman Alharthy, Christos Lazaridis, Dimitrios Karakitsos

“…New sonographic quality criteria to optimize optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements were suggested. …”
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Timing of Tracheotomy in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Morbidly Obese Patients by Ahmad Alhajhusain, Ailia W. Ali, Asif Najmuddin, Kashif Hussain, Masooma Aqeel, Ali A. El-Solh

“…Background. The optimal timing of tracheotomy and its impact on weaning from mechanical ventilation in critically ill morbidly obese patients remain controversial. …”
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Structural basis of FpGalNase and its combination with FpGalNAcDeAc for efficient A-to-O blood group conversion by Meiling Zhou, Kaishan Luo, Chao Su, Yan Sun, Zuyan Huang, Shuo Ma, Xun Gao, Jiwei Wang, Chen Zhang, Pengcheng Han, Guoqiu Wu

“…In this study, we investigated two enzymes from Flavonifractor plautii, N-acetylgalactosamine deacetylase (FpGalNAcDeAc) and galactosaminidase (FpGalNase), which demonstrate synergistic activity in efficiently converting A-type RBCs to O-type. We optimized treatment conditions, achieving over 99% conversion in just five minutes using phosphate buffer saline and a 16 nM enzyme concentration. …”
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Highly sensitive split ring resonator-based sensor for quality monitoring of edible oils by Muhammad Amir Khalil, Wong Hin Yong, Tehseen Batool, Ahasanul Hoque, Lo Yew Chiong, Hui Hwang Goh, Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan, Mohamed S. Soliman, Mohammad Tariqul Islam

“…The designed structure has dimensions of 10 × 10 mm2 and is optimized for detecting adulteration in edible oils. …”
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DNA origami-designed 3D phononic crystals by Park Sung Hun, Park Haedong, Nam Jwa-Min, Ke Yonggang, Liedl Tim, Tian Ye, Lee Seungwoo

“…Overall, we predict that the widest hypersonic PnBG can be achieved with DNA origami-designed 3D crystals with optimal lattice geometry and silica fraction; our work can provide a blueprint for the design and fabrication of mesoscale 3D PnCs with a champion PnBG.…”
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Agroecology and the limits to resilience: extending the adaptation capacity of agroecosystems to drought by Miguel A. Altieri, Clara I. Nicholls, Rene Montalba, Lorena Vieli, Luis L. Vazquez

“…Clearly, reducing farmers exposure to drought requires collective actions beyond the farm scale (i.e. restoring local watersheds to optimize local hydrological cycles) aspects not explored herein. …”
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Piloting an automated query and scoring system to facilitate APDS patient identification from health systems by Amy M. FitzPatrick, Aaron T. Chin, Sharon Nirenberg, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Keith Sacco, Jesse Perlmutter, Joseph F. Dasso, Athanasios Tsalatsanis, Jay Maru, Jessica Creech, Jolan E. Walter, Nicholas Hartog, Neema Izadi, Mandy Palmucci, Manish J. Butte, Klaus Loewy, Anurag Relan, Nicholas L. Rider

“…Sensitivity analysis suggested an optimal cutoff score of 7 (sensitivity = 0.70).ConclusionDisease-specific queries are a relatively simple method to foster patient identification across the rare-disease spectrum. …”
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Synthesis of 0.75Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃-0.25BiFeO₃ Thin Film Capacitors with Excellent Efficiency and Thermal Stability by Li Wu, Feifei Han, Kaiyuan Chen, Jianming Deng, Laijun Liu, Biaolin Peng

“…Specifically, the 12-layer PZT-25BFO thin film demonstrates the optimal properties, boasting a significant energy storage density (15.73 J/cm³), a high efficiency (77.65%), and remarkable thermal stability (±0.55% variation) from 303 K to 383 K at 1000 kV/cm. …”
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Computational epitope-based vaccine design with bioinformatics approach; a review by Esmaeil Roohparvar Basmenj, Susan Radman Pajhouh, Afsane Ebrahimi Fallah, Rafe naijian, Elmira Rahimi, Hossein Atighy, Shadan Ghiabi, Shamim Ghiabi

“…Leveraging the tools available in this domain, we strive to pinpoint the most suitable antigen for crafting a vaccine against our target. Once the optimal antigen is identified, the next step involves uncovering epitopes within this antigen. …”
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