Textural analysis and artificial intelligence as decision support tools in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis – a systematic review by Filip Orzan, Ştefania D. Iancu, Laura Dioşan, Zoltán Bálint

“…However, most studies lack validation in clinical scenarios.DiscussionThe absence of consensus on the optimal model for MS lesion segmentation highlights the need for standardized methodologies and clinical validation. …”
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Characterization of Human Colorectal Cancer MDR1/P-gp Fab Antibody by Xuemei Zhang, Gary Guishan Xiao, Ying Gao

“…A number of clones expressing Fab bound to P-gp21, showing neutralized activity in vitro, were isolated and screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on its recognition properties to P-gp21 and human colorectal cancer tissue homogenate, resulting in identification of an optimal recombinant Fab clone (Number 29). Further characterization by recloning number 29 into an expression vector showed significant induction of the Fab antibody in the clone number 29 by Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). …”
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Using a YOLO Deep Learning Algorithm to Improve the Accuracy of 3D Object Detection by Autonomous Vehicles by Ramavhale Murendeni, Alfred Mwanza, Ibidun Christiana Obagbuwa

“…Key contributions include introducing a multi-task loss function that optimizes 2D and 3D predictions and integrating sensor fusion techniques that combine RGB camera data with LIDAR point clouds for improved depth estimation. …”
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DPP-4 Inhibitors as Treatments for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Qixian Wang, Min Long, Hua Qu, Rufei Shen, Rui Zhang, Jing Xu, Xin Xiong, Hui Wang, Hongting Zheng

“…Although DPP-4 inhibitors may be beneficial for T1DM, existing studies do not strongly support these positive effects in clinical practice. Further optimized clinical trials are needed.…”
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Exploring Task-Related EEG for Cross-Subject Early Alzheimer’s Disease Susceptibility Prediction in Middle-Aged Adults Using Multitaper Spectral Analysis by Ziyang Li, Hong Wang, Jianing Song, Jiale Gong

“…The experimental results reveal that the MSIT task achieves optimal cross-subject classification performance using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach with the TFAAT feature set, yielding a Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve (ROC AUC) of 58%. …”
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Study of Carbonaceous and Nitrogenous Pollutant Removal Efficiencies in a Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor by Victor S. Ruys, Kamel Zerari, Isabelle Seyssiecq, Nicolas Roche

“…The removal rate increased when the concentration of DO was optimal for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, which was between 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l, and the TN removal rate was consequently high. …”
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Selective state models are what you need for animal action recognition by Edoardo Fazzari, Donato Romano, Fabrizio Falchi, Cesare Stefanini

“…By transforming the state-of-the-art MSQNet model with Mamba blocks, we achieve significant reductions in computational requirements: up to 90% fewer Floating point OPerations and 78% fewer parameters compared to MSQNet. These optimizations not only make the model more efficient but also enable it to outperform Transformer-based counterparts on the Animal Kingdom dataset, achieving a mean Average Precision of 74.6, marking an improvement over previous architectures. …”
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A novel deep synthesis-based insider intrusion detection (DS-IID) model for malicious insiders and AI-generated threats by Hazem M. Kotb, Tarek Gaber, Salem AlJanah, Hossam M. Zawbaa, Mohammed Alkhathami

“…Moreover, the model demonstrates strong performance in differentiating real from AI-generated (synthetic) threats, achieving over 99% accuracy on optimally generated data. While primarily evaluated on synthetic datasets, the high accuracy of the DS-IID model suggests its potential as a valuable tool for real-world cybersecurity applications.…”
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Multimodal Autism Spectrum Disorder Method Using GCN With Dual Transformers by Tianming Song, Zhe Ren, Jian Zhang, Yawei Qu, Yingying Cui, Zhengda Liang

“…This study proposes a novel diagnostic approach that integrates Graph convolutional networks (GCN) with dual transformer architectures, optimized through a Co-training strategy. The first Transformer is dedicated to extracting intricate temporal features from fMRI data, which are crucial for understanding brain activity over time. …”
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A Cardiac‐Targeting and Anchoring Bimetallic Cluster Nanozyme Alleviates Chemotherapy‐Induced Cardiac Ferroptosis and PANoptosis by Junyue Xing, Xiaohan Ma, Yanan Yu, Yangfan Xiao, Lu Chen, Weining Yuan, Yingying Wang, Keyu Liu, Zhiping Guo, Hao Tang, Kelong Fan, Wei Jiang

“…Through extensive screening for antioxidative enzyme‐like activity, an optimal bimetallic nanozyme (AuRu) is identified that possess remarkable antioxidant characteristics, mimicking catalase‐like enzymes. …”
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Quails of Stavropol Region: Autumn Food Habits by Anatoly P. Kaledin, Lyubov V. Malovichko, Alexander G. Rezanov, Lyudmila S. Drozdova, Andiya T. Serikbayeva

“…The population fluctuates from year to year, depending on spring weather conditions. Their optimal nestling grounds include irrigated fields and areas near canals and ponds. …”
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Enhancing the flexibility and safety of electric-resistance heating on thick-walled pressure parts of utility boilers in coal-fired power plants by Zhiwen Hou, Liping Pang, Binghao Zhang, Jun Wang, Liqiang Duan, Huimin Wei, Xiaoze Du

“…An analysis of practical and optimized cold start-up is conducted. This start-up process involves the application of electric-resistance heating to a steam-water separator to shorten the boiler water filling time. …”
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Uniaxial Cyclic Tensile Stretching at 8% Strain Exclusively Promotes Tenogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Hui Yin Nam, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Azlina Amir Abbas, Azhar Mahmood Merican, Tunku Kamarul

“…The present study was conducted to establish the amount of mechanical strain (uniaxial cyclic stretching) required to provide optimal tenogenic differentiation expression in human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in vitro, in view of its potential application for tendon maintenance and regeneration. …”
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Microstructure development, mechanical properties and underlying mechanism of micro-TiN-reinforced AlSi10Mg composites fabricated by selective laser melting by Huang X., Wang L., Huang W.-D., He D.-D., Cheng X.-H., Xu X.-P., Chen X.-X., Qin S.-S., Huang L.-H.

“…The exceptional mechanical properties of the Al matrix composites are attributed to the dispersion strengthening of the TiN particles and the fine-grain strengthening of the matrix. The optimal TiN content is found to be 3 wt. %, resulting in excellent mechanical performance of the fabricated samples (132.4±4.1 HV for hardness and 379.7±4.6 MPa for tensile strength) with a low friction coefficient of 0.49.…”
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Biomechanical Impact of Vertebral Augmentation Techniques: Clinical and Radiological Results in the Literature by Eliodoro Faiella, Federica Vaccarino, Domiziana Santucci, Elva Vergantino, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Rosario Francesco Grasso

“…While the higher costs of third-generation systems could be justified by reduced revision rates and better patient outcomes, further research is needed to optimize patient selection and assess long-term benefits. …”
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Analysis of thermal effects according to channel and drain contact metal distance by Do Gyun An, Un Hyun Lim, Young Suh Song, Hyunwoo Kim, Jang Hyun Kim

“…Therefore, this study derived the optimal gap between the channel and drain metals by balancing thermal improvement and performance degradation due to Cgd, thereby presenting a practical solution that can maintain device reliability while alleviating SHE.…”
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Consistent RNA expression and RNA modification patterns in cardiotoxicity induced by Matrine and Evodiamine by Guanhua Fang, Guanhua Fang, Yanming Shen, Xinyue Gao, Lele Yang, An Zhu, Dongshan Liao, Dongshan Liao

“…Recent research has demonstrated the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active compounds in combating cancer, leading to an increasing utilization of TCM as adjunctive therapy in clinical oncology. However, the optimal dosage of TCM remains unclear, and excessive use may result in cardiotoxicity, which poses a significant health concern for patients undergoing systemic treatment. …”
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Surviving prematurity: retrospective longitudinal study of multisystem consequences in preterm-born individuals from infancy to adolescence by Ruta Morkuniene, Ruta Levuliene, Vilmantas Gegzna, Egle Marija Jakimaviciene, Janina Tutkuviene

“…Children in "Extremely and very low," "Low," and "Sub-optimal" BW categories exhibited 1.77, 1.50, and 1.34 times more diseases, respectively, than those in the "Normal" BW category. …”
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Impact of short-term soil disturbance on cadmium remobilization and associated risk in vulnerable regions by Zhong Zhuang, Hao Qi, Siyu Huang, Qiqi Wang, Yanan Wan, Huafen Li

“…A comprehensive understanding of cadmium (Cd) migration in soils near contaminated hotspots is crucial for optimizing remediation efforts and ensuring crop health. …”
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Effects of Cover-Plate Geometry on the Mechanical Behavior of Steel Frame Joints with Middle-Flange and Wide-Flange H-Beams by Osama Zaid Yahya Al-Ansi, Linfeng Lu, Saleem Mohammed Ali Ahmed AL-Saeedi, Bingyou Liu

“…These recommendations address the conservatism of existing standards, balancing material efficiency and seismic performance. Optimal cover-plate lengths of 0.7 to 0.9 times the beam depth were also identified. …”
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