Last-millennium volcanic forcing and climate response using SO₂ emissions by L. R. Marshall, L. R. Marshall, L. R. Marshall, A. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, A. P. Schurer, N. L. Abraham, N. L. Abraham, L. J. Lücke, R. Wilson, K. J. Anchukaitis, G. C. Hegerl, B. Johnson, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, E. C. Brady, M. Khodri, K. Yoshida

“…The representation of volcanic forcing in the latest generation of climate models has improved significantly, but most models prescribe the aerosol optical properties rather than using <span class="inline-formula">SO₂</span> emissions directly and including interactions between the aerosol, chemistry, and dynamics. …”
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Global digital elevation model (GDEM) product generation by correcting ASTER GDEM elevation with ICESat-2 altimeter data by B. Li, B. Li, B. Li, B. Li, H. Xie, H. Xie, S. Liu, Z. Ye, Z. Hong, Q. Weng, Q. Weng, Q. Weng, Y. Sun, Q. Xu, X. Tong

“…<p>Advancements in scientific inquiry and practical applications have created a higher demand for the accuracy of global digital elevation models (GDEMs), especially for GDEMs whose main data source is optical imagery. To address this challenge, integrating GDEM and satellite laser altimeter data (global coverage and high-accuracy ranging) is an important research direction, in addition to the technological enhancement of the main data source. …”
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Symptomatic Pituitary Metastasis as Initial Manifestation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of Literature by Gunjan Y. Gandhi, Russell Fung, Patrick E. Natter, Raafat Makary, K. C. Balaji

“…Repeat MRI pituitary showed an interval increase in the size of the sellar mass with suprasellar extension and a new mass effect on the optic chiasm. The sellar mass was urgently resected via a trans-sphenoidal approach. …”
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Position in proton Bragg curve influences DNA damage complexity and survival in head and neck cancer cells by Tim Heemskerk, Celebrity Groenendijk, Marta Rovituso, Ernst van der Wal, Wouter van Burik, Konstantinos Chatzipapas, Danny Lathouwers, Roland Kanaar, Jeremy M.C. Brown, Jeroen Essers

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Corrosion behavior of Fe amorphous/Al-12Si piston composites with core-shell structure by Yingdong Wang, Zuxiang Lin, Chengzhou Liu, Deyong Zhao, Chunqiong Li, Yuan Wang

“…The composites’ composition, microstructure, and elemental distribution were characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and EDS spectroscopy. To accelerate the evaluation process, Potentiodynamic polarization and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the electrochemical corrosion behavior. …”
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Influence of colostrum supply on Salmonella spp. seroprevalence in piglet rearing and possibilities to increase colostrum production by optimised feeding by A. Schulte zu Sundern, C. Holling, K. Rohn, J. Schulte-Wülwer, A. Deermann, C. Visscher

“…Despite better colostrum supply, the animals in the test group did not show a significantly lower prevalence of Salmonella spp. seroprevalence (test group optical density (OD) 9.8000±17.4954%; control group OD 8.9486±14.2426%; P<0.5344) at nine weeks of age. …”
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Efficient synthesis of fluorinated triphenylenes with enhanced arene–perfluoroarene interactions in columnar mesophases by Yang Chen, Jiao He, Hang Lin, Hai-Feng Wang, Ping Hu, Bi-Qin Wang, Ke-Qing Zhao, Bertrand Donnio

“…The high potential of non-covalent arene–fluoroarene intermolecular interactions in the design of liquid crystals lies in their ability to strongly promote self-assembly, improve the order and stability of the supramolecular mesophases, and enable tuneability of the optical and electronic properties, which can potentially be exploited for advanced applications in display technologies, photonic devices, sensors, and organic electronics. …”
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Three-year experience of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation in the high myopia correction by I.F. Saliev, A.F. Yusupov, N.I. Mukhamedova

“…All patients underwent the following ophthalmic examinations before surgery: visometry, autorefractometry, biometry, tonometry, optical coherence tomography, evaluation of corneal endothelial cell density, peripheral retinal exam using a Goldmann lens. pIOL power calculation was conducted using a modified vergence formula. …”
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Enhancing elemental release and antibacterial properties of resin-based dental sealants with calcium phosphate, bioactive glass, and polylysine by Phatpicha Lertwisitphon, Yotsavee Worapasphaiboon, Nichapa Champakanan, Arnit Toneluck, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Anne M. Young, Rattapha Chinli, Phoom Chairatana, Supanan Sucharit, Piyaphong Panpisut

“…The element release over 4 weeks was measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (n = 3). The cell viability of mouse fibrosarcoma cells exposed to the extract was assessed via an MTT assay (n = 3). …”
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Anatomical and functional efficacy of radial scleral buckling and combined laser and surgical intervention for local macula-on retinal detachment by M.R. Taevere, L.A. Kryl, A.V. Doga, D.O. Shkvorchenko

“…</p> <p> <b>Keywords: </b>rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, optical coherence tomography, YAG laser retinotomy, vitreoretinal traction, treatment, recurrence.…”
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Use of Augmented Reality for Training Assistance in Laparoscopic Surgery: Scoping Literature Review by Francisco Javier Celdrán, Javier Jiménez-Ruescas, Carlos Lobato, Lucía Salazar, Juan Alberto Sánchez-Margallo, Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo, Pascual González

“…ConclusionsThis scoping review highlights the evolving role of AR technologies in laparoscopic surgery training, although the impact of optical see-through devices remains unclear due to their limited use. …”
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Characteristics of visual functions and their correlation with OCT-angiography of the macula in patients with small choroidal melanoma by Е.Б. Мякошина, S.V. Saakyan

“…A delay in malignant tumor diagnosis is associated with metastasis and fatal outcome. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) enables to visualize the ocular fundus microcirculation and, as a result, to achieve an earlier diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. …”
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Mechanism of Bushen Huoxue Recipe on Improving Arterial Calcification in Rats with Osteoporosis Based on OPG/RANKL Signaling Pathway by LIN Xiaorong, YANG Na, ZHENG Bei, ZHAO Hu, XU Junxia

“…Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mass density (BMD) of femoral shaft of right hindlimb; alizarin red staining was used to detect integrated optical density (IOD) of calcification deposition on the vascular wall of thoracic aorta, and the calcification degree of thoracic aorta was observed; ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of PⅠNP, BGP and CTX-Ⅰ; immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL proteins in thoracic aorta.Results1) BMD and IOD value of thoracic aorta calcification deposition: compared with the control group, there were no significant changes of BMD and IOD value in thoracic aorta calcification deposition of the sham operation group (<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05), while the BMD of the osteoporosis group decreased significantly, and the IOD value of thoracic aorta calcification deposition increased significantly (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). …”
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Glaucoma &quot;landscape&quot; in Russia, CIS and Eastern European countries: what has changed over 15 years? by A.Yu. Brezhnev, E.A. Egorov, V.P. Erichev, A.V. Kuroyedov, P.Ch. Zavadskiy, M. Bozic, N.N. Voronova, M.F. Dzhumova, N.V. Ivanova, T.A. Imshenetskaya, T.G. Kamenskikh, L.N. Marchenko, N.A. Sobyanin, V.F. Ekgardt

“…</p> <p> The range of instrumental visualization technologies includes optical coherence tomography (OCT), Heidelberg Retina Tomography (HRT), and scanning laser polarimetry. …”
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Common pathogenic aspects of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Kidney transplantation and the course of diabetic retinopathy by I.V. Vorobyeva, L.K. Moshetova, A.V. Pinchuk, Е.V. Bulava, E.P. Delver, A.A. Belogurov

“…</i> </p> <p> <i><b>Keywords</b>: diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, optical coherence tomography, OCT angiography, kidney transplantation.…”
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Retinoblastoma. Part 1. Clinical presentations and diagnostic tools by S.V. Ivanova, S.A. Kuleva, N.N. Sadovnikova, M.I. Komissarov, M.N. Chistyakova, A.V. Khokhlova, N.A. Shchegoleva

“…Other important imaging techniques in retinoblastoma are sonography, optical coherence tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.…”
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Analysis of the long-range transport of the volcanic plume from the 2021 Tajogaite/Cumbre Vieja eruption to Europe using TROPOMI and ground-based measurements by P. Hedelt, J. Reichardt, F. Lauermann, B. Weiß, N. Theys, A. Redondas, A. Barreto, O. Garcia, D. Loyola

“…For the first time, an optical particle model is utilized that assumes an irregular, non-spheroidal shape of the aerosol particles. …”
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Long-term outcomes of combined optimized YAG-laser trabeculostomy and selective laser trabeculoplasty for primary open-angle glaucoma by A.S. Balalin, V.P. Fokin, S.V. Balalin, B.G. Dzhashi

“…The location of the collector channels was determined with regard to Schlemm's canal using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients were followed up after 1 day, 1, 6, 12, and 24 months. …”
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Response to Aflibercept Therapy in Three Types of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Real-Life Evidence in the Czech Republic by Jan Nemcansky, Alexandr Stepanov, Michal Koubek, Miroslav Veith, Yun Min Klimesova, Jan Studnicka

“…Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were measured using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The measurements were taken at the baseline and then at 16, 32, and 48 weeks. …”
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Exploring the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on retinal vascular morphology by PKSEA-Net by Ligang Jiang, Yimei Ji, Mengting Liu, Ruolin Fang, Zhentao Zhu, Meizhen Zhang, Yuhua Tong

“…An innovative artificial intelligence image processing technology was applied to locate and analyze the small retinal vessel morphology and accurately evaluate the changes of the small retinal vessels in GDM patients and pregnant women with normal blood glucose and non-pregnant women with normal blood glucose.MethodsThe subjects were divided into three groups:GDM group, pregnant control group (PC), and normal control group (NC). Use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to collect OCT images of subjects,and perform quantitative identification and analysis of retinal vessel parameters based on artificial intelligence measurement software integrated the prior knowledge supervised edge-aware multi-task network (PKSEA-Net): Retinal arteriolar lumen diameter (RALD), retinal arteriolar outer diameter (RAOD), retinal venular lumen diameter (RVLD),retinal venular outer diameter (RVOD),arterial wall thickness (AWT),venular wall thickness (VWT),arterial wall to lumen ratio (AWLR),venular wall to lumen ratio (VWLR),arterial wall cross-sectional area (AWCSA),venular wall cross-sectional area (VWCSA), arteriovenous ratio (AVR).ResultsThis study revealed significant differences in RVOD, RVLD, VWT, VWCSA and AVR between the GDM group and the PC group (p = 0.005, p &lt; 0.027, p = 0.008, p = 0.001, p = 0.022), significant differences in RVOD, RVLD, VWT, VWCSA and AVR between the GDM group and the NC group (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.001). …”
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