Ketamine for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Comprehensive Review by Jacob E. Israel, Samantha St Pierre, Emily Ellis, Josephine S. Hanukaai, Nazir Noor, Giustino Varrassi, Markus Wells, Alan D. Kaye

“… # Conclusion First-line treatment for many chronic pain conditions includes NSAIDs, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioids. However, these treatment methods are unsuccessful in a subset of patients. …”
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha: A Link between Neuroinflammation and Excitotoxicity by Gabriel Olmos, Jerònia Lladó

“…As microglial activation and upregulation of TNF-α expression is a common feature of several CNS diseases, as well as chronic opioid exposure and neuropathic pain, modulating TNF-α signaling may represent a valuable target for intervention.…”
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Artemisia dracunculus essential oil: phytochemical study, pre-treatment and co-treatment effects on morphine withdrawal syndrome by Zahra Lorigooini, Fatemeh Heibati, Seyyed Matin Ahmadi, Sareh Mohammadi, Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei

“…Medicinal herbs have been traditionally used in the management and treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome and pain. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of A. dracunculus essential oil in reducing the symptoms of morphine withdrawal in mice. …”
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Supporting Mothers’ Engagement in a Community-Based Methadone Treatment Program by Nicole Letourneau, Mary Ann Campbell, Jennifer Woodland, Jennifer Colpitts

“…Unmanaged maternal opioid addiction poses health and social risks to both mothers and children in their care. …”
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Transversus Abdominis Plane Catheter Bolus Analgesia after Major Abdominal Surgery by Nils Bjerregaard, Lone Nikolajsen, Thomas Fichtner Bendtsen, Bodil Steen Rasmussen

“…Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks have been shown to reduce pain and opioid requirements after abdominal surgery. The aim of the present case series was to demonstrate the use of TAP catheter injections of bupivacaine after major abdominal surgery. …”
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Exploring the Psychological Side of Fentanyl: A Scoping Review to Disclose the Psychosocial Dimensions of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Users by Pasquale Caponnetto, Sergio Triscari, Graziella Chiara Prezzavento, Giorgia Farrugio, Chiara Farrauto, Simona Lanzafame, Giulia Schilirò, Eleonora Uccelli, Noemi Maria Vitale, Abdulnaser Fakhrou, Karim Nagi, Carmen Concerto

“…# Background Fentanyl is a powerful opioid. The abuse and overdoses related to Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl (IMF) have become more prevalent. …”
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Evaluation of the functional gastrointestinal diseases concept from standpoints of Rome IV (2016) diagnostic criteria (review) by D. N. Andreyev, A. V. Zaborovsky, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. V. Mayev, V. T. Ivashkin

“…The new nosological entities with known causative factor (opioid-induced gastrointestinal hyperalgesia, opioidinduced constipation, cannabinoid induced hyperemesis syndrome), hypersensitive reflux syndrome, nausea and vomiting syndrome (that encompasses previously separate nosological forms: chronic idiopathic nausea and functional vomiting) were added to the new version of the classification. …”
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Lateral Quadratus Lumborum Block versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study by Omar Sayed Fargaly, Maged Labib Boules, Mohamed Ahmed Hamed, Mohammed Abdel Aleem Abbas, Mohammed Ahmed Shawky

“…In comparison to the TAPB, the QL block delivers more successful pain relief, has an extended period of analgesic actions, extends interval to the 1st analgesic necessity, is accompanied with lesser morphine consumptions, and may be utilized in multimodal analgesia and opioid-sparing regimens after that laparoscopic operation. …”
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Comparison of two bolus doses of dexmedetomidine for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in highly susceptible patients: A randomized controlled trial by Maha Mohamed Ismail Youssef, Amr Raafat Mahmoud Seif, Kareem Nagy Abbass Ahmed, Ghada Abo Bakr, Gihan Mohamed Obayah, Mohamed Ramadan Ahmed Mohamed

“…Conclusion: A bolus dose of Dex having a concentration of 0.75 µ/kg decreased the incidence of PONV in high-risk patients, with subsequent reduction in postoperative opioid consumption and improvement of patients’ satisfaction.…”
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The Effect of Peritubal Infiltration with Bupivacaine and Morphine on Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy by Isra Karaduman, Derya Karasu, Canan Yilmaz, Sedat Oner, Hilal Erdem Solak, Gulsen Korfali

“…We aimed to investigate the effect of peritubal local anesthetic and opioid infiltration on pain scores and analgesic consumption in patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy. …”
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Neuronal Plasticity Associated with Burn Injury and Its Relevance for Perception and Management of Pain in Burn Patients by Terence J Coderre, Manon Choinière

“…Recently acquired experimental evidence on postburn hyperalgesia, central hyperexcitability and changes in opioid sensitivity provides strong support that burn patients need an analgesic approach aimed at preventing or reducing the 'neural' memory of pain, including the use of more than one treatment modality. …”
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Effect of Low-Dose (Single-Dose) Magnesium Sulfate on Postoperative Analgesia in Hysterectomy Patients Receiving Balanced General Anesthesia by Arman Taheri, Katayoun Haryalchi, Mandana Mansour Ghanaie, Neda Habibi Arejan

“…Single dose of magnesium sulfate during balanced general anesthesia could be considered as effective and safe method to reduce postoperative pain and opioid consumption after TAH.…”
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Calcium-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy drive glycolysis to facilitate arterivirus proliferation. by Zhe Sun, Zicheng Ma, Wandi Cao, Chenlong Jiang, Lei Guo, Kesen Liu, Yanni Gao, Juan Bai, Jiang Pi, Ping Jiang, Xing Liu

“…This process is associated with increased mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), mediated by the upregulated expression of sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (SIGMAR1). Elevated mitochondria Ca2+ further activates the Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) signaling pathway, which interacts with mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1) and mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 49 kDa (MiD49) to promote mitochondrial fission. …”
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Treatment gap for mental and behavioral disorders in Punjab by Rohit Garg, Bir Singh Chavan, Subhash Das, Sonia Puri, Arvind A. Banavaram, Vivek Benegal, Girish N. Rao, Mathew Varghese, Gopalkrishna Gururaj

“…Results: The treatment gap for mental and behavioral disorders was 79.59%, and it was higher for common mental disorders than severe mental disorders and higher for alcohol and tobacco use disorders as compared to opioid use disorders. The median treatment lag was 6 months. …”
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Analgesic effect of intranasal ketamine in the treatment of chronic cancer pain by Secundino González Pardo, Lourdes González-Longoria Boada, Francisco López Muñoz

“…<strong>Background</strong>: cancer pain remains difficult to treat, especially when the patient is resistant to opioids. More and more alternatives are being sought to counteract and improve the symptoms caused by the disease. …”
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Substance Abuse and Rural Appalachian Pediatric Trauma in West Virginia by Joshua Rawson, Lindsey Thevenin, Isabella Balko, Federico Seifarth, Hal Meltzer, Vipul Dhumak, Amy Bush, Wesley Kimble, Sijin Wen, Pavithra Ellison

“…Benzodiazepine use increased from 0.8% to 1.8% (p<0.001), and opioid use increased from 1% to 4.9% (p<0.001). Conclusion. …”
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Effect Of Intraoperative Erector Spinae Block For Faster Recovery And Reduced Post-Operative Pain In Patients Undergoing Discectomies & Spinal Decompression by Arham Azizi, Athar Muniruddin Siddiqui, Naseem Munshi, Muhammad Salman Masroor, Zahra Salahuddin, Muhammad Hassan

“…It offers significant benefits over traditional pain management approaches, including reduced pain scores, lower opioid consumption, and shorter hospital stays. …”
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The Role of Thoracic Medial Branch Blocks in Managing Chronic Mid and Upper Back Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Control Trial with a 2-Year Followup by Laxmaiah Manchikanti, Vijay Singh, Frank J. E. Falco, Kimberly A. Cash, Vidyasagar Pampati, Bert Fellows

“…Outcome measures included the numeric rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), opioid intake, and work status, at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. …”
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Pathogenesis of Functional Biliary Pain and Pharmacology of Trimebutin by E. L. Bueverova, O. Yu. Zolnikova, N. L. Dzhakhaya, A. V. Sedova, V. Т. Ivashkin

“…In the multilevel system of regulation of the gallbladder and sphincter apparatus, the opioid system occupies a special place. The agonist of peripheral receptors of the enkephalinergic system, trimebutine, in clinical studies led to the relief of biliary pain in more than 80 % of patients with functional biliary disorders, while a significant decrease in the severity of diarrhea, dyspeptic, and constipation syndromes was revealed.Conclusion. …”
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Possible erythropoietin pharmacotherapeutic targets on painful diabetic neuropathy in rats by SAMUEL SUAREZ-MENDEZ, DEYSI Y. BERMÚDEZ-OCAÑA

“….), methiothepin (non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist; 0.01-0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) and naloxone (non-selective opioid receptor antagonist; 1 mg/kg). Intraperitoneal administration of erythropoietin (500-4000 UI/kg) prevented allodynia in diabetic rats. …”
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