Enhancing Microfluidic Systems’ Mixing Efficiency Using Design Models with Convergent–Divergent Sinusoidal Microchannel Walls: Experimental Investigations Based on Entropy Minimiza... by Kingsley Safo, Joshua Anani, Ahmed H. El-Shazly

“…Five distinct designs were fabricated and tested, demonstrating superior mixing efficiency without additional obstructions. Testing of flow rates from 1000 to 50 mL/h revealed that the square-wave micromixer had the highest efficiency due to repeated fluid perturbations from its 90-degree angles. …”
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