Real-World Assessment of Weight Change in African American Females and Hispanics with HIV-1 After Initiating Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors or Protease Inhibitors by Yen-Wen Chen, David Anderson, Christopher D. Pericone, Prina Donga

“…Hispanic INSTI initiators were less likely to shift from normal BMI to overweight but more likely to shift from normal or overweight to obese. **Conclusion:** In a real-world setting, INSTI-based regimens were associated with greater weight gain for treatment-naïve female African Americans, compared with PI-based regimens. …”
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Potential alternative and novel biomarkers for paediatric MAFLD: exploratory evidence from a Chinese cohort by Fan Yang, Mengyuan Hu, Lulian Xu, Xiaowei Zheng, Lihong Zhu, Le Zhang, Haoyang Zhang

“…Abstract Background While the associations between pediatric non-obese metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and multiple diagnostic biomarkers are well-established, the role of a broader range of blood-based, urine-based, and body composition-based biomarkers for monitoring MAFLD are needed. …”
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Association between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Elastographic Parameters of Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis: Controlled Attenuation Parameter and Liver Stiffness Measurements by Ivana Mikolasevic, Goran Poropat, Tajana Filipec Kanizaj, Nadija Skenderevic, Marko Zelic, Marija Matasin, Luka Vranic, Andrea Kresovic, Goran Hauser

“…Patients with increased CAP were younger, were more obese, had higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, and had higher values of aminotransferases. …”
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The Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gestational Hypertensive Disorders in a Diverse Community-Based Cohort by Diane Schneider, Joel R. Gonzalez, Miya Yamamoto, Jingrong Yang, Joan C. Lo

“…Of the remaining 1765 women, those with PCOS (compared to non-PCOS) were slightly older (mean age 31.2 versus 30.7), more likely to be obese (39.6% versus 15.1%), nulliparous (63.8% versus 43.4%), and conceive with fertility treatment (54.1% versus 1.9%); they also had a higher incidence of PIH (10.8% versus 6.6%), including gestational hypertension (5.8% versus 3.6%) and preeclampsia or HELLP (4.9% versus 3.0%; all p<0.05). …”
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Evaluation of the Relationship between Nutritional Status of COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the ICU and Patients’ Prognosis: A Cohort Study by Parsa Mohammadi, Hesam Aldin Varpaei, Alireza Khafaee pour khamseh, Mostafa Mohammadi, Mojgan Rahimi, Amirhossein Orandi

“…Thirty-six (32.7%) of patients were obese (BMI ≥ 30). The hospital mortality rate was 59.1% (n = 65). …”
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Secondary prevention of preeclampsia by Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar, Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar, Roudhona Rosaudyn, Khanisyah Erza Gumilar, Khanisyah Erza Gumilar, Renuka Shanmugalingam, Gustaaf Dekker, Gustaaf Dekker

“…Metformin, primarily used for improving insulin sensitivity, has potential advantages in decreasing PE incidence due to its anti-inflammatory and vascular properties, particularly in morbidly obese women. Nitric oxide (NO) donors and L-arginine have been shown to effectively reduce vascular resistance and improving blood flow to placenta, potentially reducing PE risk. …”
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AI-based automatic patient positioning in a digital-BGO PET/CT scanner: efficacy and impact by John A. Kennedy, Tala Palchan-Hazan, Zohar Keidar

“…On average, CT image quality was superior for non-obese patients who were most closely aligned with the isocenter: noise increased by 3.2 ± 0.1% for every 1 cm increase in off-centering. …”
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Anterior Knee Pain Evaluation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction Using Anterior Half of The Peroneus Longus (AHPL) Autograft by Pontoh LAP, Dilogo IH, Kamal AF, Rhatomy S, Putra A, Fiolin J, Herdiman JA, Pontoh EW

“…Patient demographics, surgical details, and Kujala scores were collected.Results: The average age of our participants was 25.88 ± 5.39 years, with mean BMI classified as obese. Significant improvements in Kujala and KOOS pain scores were observed between each data collection. …”
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Assessment of factors predicting the nutritional status of geriatric people in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia by Samar Lafi Aljohani

“…Compared with participants who were living alone, those living with their spouse were at 86% lower risk for malnutrition (aOR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.62, P = 0.010). Overweight and obese subjects were at significant lower risk for malnutrition as compared to underweight subjects (aOR: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.44, P = 0.008 and aOR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01–0.54, P = 0.013, respectively). …”
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Gestational diabetes mellitus and offspring’s carotid intima–media thickness at birth: MySweetHeart Cohort study by Umberto Simeoni, Antje Horsch, Arnaud Chiolero, Yvan Vial, Nicole Sekarski, Jardena J Puder, Pascal Bovet, Stefano Di Bernardo, Yvan Mivelaz, Adina Mihaela Epure, Sandrine Estoppey Younes, Bobby Stuijfzand, Leah Gilbert, Stefano Lanzi, Justine Gross, Stefano Di Bernardo, Dan Quansah, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Amar Arhab, Sandrine Estoppey Younes, Seyda Mayerat

“…Some 16% of women with GDM and 6% of women without GDM were obese. Smoking during pregnancy was more frequent among women with GDM (18%) than among those without GDM (4%). …”
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Prevalence of and factors associated with symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome among resident physicians in standardised training in China: a cross-sect... by Xin Wang, Ning Li, Xia Li, Zhigang Li, Jun Zhao, Xuefei Wang, Xin Hao, Jiayi Yang, Junjian Tian

“…Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the associations of age, sex, body mass index, stress, depression, anxiety, sleep quality and IBS.Results Of the included resident doctors, 77.2% were female, 20.4% were obese or underweight and 8.6% had symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS. …”
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Catheter ablation versus antiarrhythmic drugs with risk factor modification for treatment of atrial fibrillation: a protocol of a randomised controlled trial (PRAGUE-25 trial) by Stepan Havranek, Jiri Jarkovsky, Otakar Jiravský, Pavel Osmancik, Veronika Bulková, Jan Chovančík, Tomáš Roubíček, Dalibor Heřman, Zuzana Čarná, Vladimír Tuka, Martin Matoulek, Martin Fiala, Sylvie Stregl-Hruskova, Adam Latiňák, Jiřina Kotryová

“…Catheter ablation (CA) has been documented to be superior to treatment by antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in terms of sinus rhythm maintenance. However, in obese patients, substantial weight loss was also associated with AF reduction. …”
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Dietary intakes, food behaviours, and health indicators among Métis youth in Manitoba, Canada by Chantal Perchotte, Olena Kloss, Joyce Slater, Alan Katz, Bhanu Pilli, Aynslie Hinds, Marcelo L Urquia, Julianne Sanguins, Chris Green, Jaime Cidro, Dan Chateau, Nathan Nickel, Thomas Falkenberg

“…Significantly more Métis participants had a BMI classified as obese compared to non-Métis participants (12.6% vs. 7.1%). …”
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Gestational weight gain and increased risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categoriesAJOG Global Reports at a Glance by Pearl A. McElfish, PhD, Britni L. Ayers, PhD, Nicola L. Hawley, PhD, Aaron Caldwell, PhD, Austin Porter, DrPh, Michael D. Macechko, MD, Donya Watson, MD, Jennifer A. Callaghan-Koru, PhD, James P. Selig, PhD, Jennifer A. Andersen, PhD, Nirvana Manning, MD, Lanita White, PharmD, Enrique Gomez-Pomar, MD, Clare C. Brown, PhD

“…For women with overweight or obese prepregnancy body mass index, any increase in gestational weight gain was associated with a higher cesarean delivery risk. …”
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C1q/TNF-Related Protein5 (CTRP5) as a Biomarker to Predict Metabolic Syndrome and Each of Its Components by Feiyu Jiang, Min Yang, Xili Zhao, Rui Liu, Gangyi Yang, Dongfang Liu, Hua Liu, Hongting Zheng, Zhiming Zhu, Ling Li

“…Circulating CTRP5 concentrations were markedly decreased in MetS individuals relative to normal adults. Overweight/obese individuals (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) showed a lower serum CTRP5 level than lean subjects (BMI < 25 kg/m2) in the study population (124.1 (99.12–147.37) vs. 103.9 (79.15–124.25) μg/L; P<0.01). …”
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Prevalence and Determinants of Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Botswana: A Nationally Representative Population-Based Survey by Neo M. Tapela, Lei Clifton, Gontse Tshisimogo, Moagi Gaborone, Tebogo Madidimalo, Virginia Letsatsi, Tiny Masupe, Mosepele Mosepele, Joseph Makhema, Shahin Lockman, David J. Hunter

“…Males were less likely to be aware (aOR 0.62, 0.41–0.94) or controlled (aOR 0.36, 0.16–0.83). Obese individuals were more likely to be treated (aOR 2.17, 1.12–4.22), yet less likely to be controlled (aOR 0.32, 0.15–0.66). …”
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Distinct phenotypes of patients and healthcare resource utilization after hospitalization for COVID-19: an observational study by Claire Marant Micallef, Manon Belhassen, Florence Ader, Valeria Martinez, Eric Van Ganse, Marjorie Bérard, Mélanie Née, Mikhail Dziadzko, Frédéric Aubrun

“…Cluster 8 was characterized by younger patients, often obese and with low mortality. Another cluster was characterized by complex index stays (cluster 7) and a last cluster (cluster 2) by specific medical contacts and therapy. …”
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Efficacy and safety of guanabenz acetate treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a study protocol for a randomised investigator-initiated phase IIa study by Atsushi Nakajima, Yasushi Honda, Kento Imajo, Masato Yoneda, Yuji Ogawa, Takaomi Kessoku, Takashi Kobayashi, Anna Ozaki, Asako Nogami, Satoru Saito, Michihiro Iwaki, Kosuke Tanaka, Atsushi Yamamoto, Kota Takahashi, Yuki Kasai, Noritoshi Kobayashi

“…Guanabenz acetate, a selective α2-adrenoceptor stimulator used in the treatment of hypertension, binds at a high-affinity constant to a nuclear transcriptional coregulator, helicase with zinc finger 2 (Helz2) and inhibits Helz2-medaited steatosis in the liver; chronic oral administration of guanabenz acetate produces a dose-dependent inhibition of lipid accumulation by inhibiting lipogenesis and activating fatty acid Β-oxidation in the liver of obese mice, resulting in improvement of insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia. …”
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Assessment of the impact of HIV infection on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and pubertal development among adolescent girls at a tertiary centre in Zimbabwe: a cross-secti... by Bothwell Takaingofa Guzha, Bismark Mateveke, Hamish Mubata, Tapiwa Chapupu, Vongai Dondo, Maxwell Chirehwa, Rendani Tshikosi, Tsungai Chipato, Zvavahera Mike Chirenje

“…A total of 59.4% had moderate to severe stunting, and 53.5% were either overweight or obese. Most participants had normal serum FSH, LH, and estradiol levels, and there was no association between these hormone levels and growth indicators. …”
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Five-Year Predictors of Insulin Initiation in People with Type 2 Diabetes under Real-Life Conditions by Sandro Gentile, Felice Strollo, Francesca Viazzi, Giuseppina Russo, Pamela Piscitelli, Antonio Ceriello, Carlo Giorda, Piero Guida, Paola Fioretto, Roberto Pontremoli, Salvatore De Cosmo, the AMD-Annals Study Group

“…LDL-C, lipid-lowering treatment, and overweight/obese seem to be protective. Results of tree analysis showed that patients on sulphonylurea, with high HbA1c, eGFR below 50 ml/min/1.73 m2, and at least 5-year disease duration, are at very high risk to start insulin treatment. …”
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